Hunan's Rural Reform and Development Aims at Refinement to Accelerate Agricultural Transformation
Our province's rural reform and development must achieve the transformation from “seeking survival through quantity” to “seeking development through quality.” We can draw on Taiwan, China's experience and take the road of refined agricultural development characterized by “refined management methods, scientific production techniques, and upgraded product quality.” This will help alleviate our province's agricultural resource bottleneck, strengthen the market competitiveness of agricultural products, improve agricultural efficiency, and increase farmers' incomes. Therefore, we should currently actively promote the “six-in-one” integration of diversified structure, professionalized farmers, scientific production, “two-oriented” industry, integrated production and marketing, and modernized services.
1. Diversified structure: advance industrial diversification, three-dimensional development, and high-quality products. Using the expansion of agriculture's multifunctionality as a starting point, take the path of integrated multifunctional agricultural development combining production, living, and ecology. Using structural optimization and quality improvement as starting points, accelerate the transformation and upgrading of traditional advantageous leading industries such as grain and pigs; based on distinctive agricultural resources and cultural advantages, develop local specialty agricultural industries, explore creative agriculture, and develop new agricultural industries with large market potential such as urban agriculture, leisure agriculture, and sightseeing agriculture, increasing the added value of agricultural products.
⟦NL> 2. Farmers' organization: cultivate modern agricultural operating entities. First, clarify that farmers' professional cooperatives serve as the main vehicle for fiscal support to agriculture from governments at all levels, and strengthen their competitiveness through financial and fiscal means such as insurance, policy-based credit, fiscal interest subsidies, and tax preferences. Second, provide categorized guidance and targeted assistance. Rectify and support and guide farmers' professional cooperatives that are smaller in scale, financially weak, and lacking in technical strength; give key support to farmers' professional cooperatives that are well managed, larger in scale, and have good market prospects but lack funds; strictly investigate and deal with nonstandard cooperative organizations, especially those that fraudulently obtain support funds.
3. Scientific production: improve the agricultural science and technology support system. First, increase investment in agricultural science and technology, and strengthen research on high and new technologies, recycling technologies, and applied technologies that have a major impact on increasing agricultural output and efficiency, as well as the cultivation of improved varieties. Second, improve the recruitment, incentive, and assessment mechanisms for grassroots agricultural science and technology personnel, and effectively guarantee the good conditions needed for grassroots agricultural technology extension institutions to perform their public-benefit functions. Third, strengthen the transformation, promotion, and application of agricultural science and technology achievements, and by means of projects such as bringing science and technology into households and training for new-type farmers, improve farmers' scientific and technological literacy and promote agricultural science and technology achievements.
4. “Two-oriented” industry: establish a green agriculture system. Strengthen “two-oriented” awareness among the government, agricultural enterprises, and the broad masses of farmers; build a green agricultural production system focused on saving land, water, fertilizer, pesticides, seeds, and energy, comprehensively recycling resources, and developing the agricultural ecological environment; strengthen the management of planting and breeding environments; advance standardized production; promote the recycling of agricultural by-products or waste; and obtain the greatest possible economic, social, and ecological benefits from agriculture with the smallest possible resource consumption and environmental cost.
5. Integrated production and marketing: build a socialized service system. First, optimize systems in areas such as agricultural productive services, agricultural product quality and safety services, rural commodity circulation services, rural financial services, and rural information services to form long-term mechanisms. Second, accelerate the formation of a model of “public-benefit service institutions + socialized service organizations + agricultural operators.” Third, actively open up rural markets and advance the modernization of rural circulation; improve the agricultural product market system and accelerate the formation of an agricultural product marketing network with low circulation costs and high operating efficiency; rectify and standardize rural market order and ensure the safe supply of agricultural production materials.
6. Modernized services: improve the government support and protection system. First, formulate and revise industrial plans, laws, regulations, rules, and policies that promote the effective use of resources and expand agriculture's multifunctionality, focus on mobilizing the intrinsic enthusiasm of financial institutions to participate in rural financial markets, and guide more financial resources and social funds toward refined and efficient agriculture. Second, accelerate the construction of a modern rural land property rights system that conforms to the laws of the market economy, and advance the lawful and orderly transfer of rural land contractual management rights. Third, take household registration reform as a breakthrough, advance the establishment of an integrated urban-rural system of infrastructure construction, social security, and employment, promote the smooth flow and optimal allocation of resource factors between urban and rural areas, and create favorable conditions for Hunan's agriculture to take the path of refinement.