Farmland construction highlights four priorities: improvement, fertility building, conservation and control
On October 29, the Ministry of Agriculture held a national on-site meeting on farmland quality construction in Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province. The reporter learned from the meeting that next year the Ministry of Agriculture will vigorously advance the protection and improvement of farmland quality, with soil improvement, fertility building, water and fertilizer conservation, and pollution control and remediation as the main content, and with completed high-standard farmland project areas, cultivated land occupied-compensated balance project areas, and areas with prominent farmland quality problems as the implementation priorities, focusing on improving the intrinsic quality of farmland and laying a solid long-term foundation for grain and agricultural production.
The meeting emphasized that for farmland quality construction at present and for a period to come, in terms of development thinking, it is necessary to strengthen the "two concepts" and improve the "two mechanisms," namely establishing the concept of "placing equal emphasis on quantity and quality" for farmland resources, establishing the concept of a "quality red line" for farmland protection, improving the management work mechanism, improving the construction compensation mechanism, gradually realizing the normalization, legalization and standardization of farmland quality management, and exploring and promoting the establishment of compensation policies for farmland construction and protection, so as to provide funding guarantees for farmland quality construction.
In terms of development goals, centering on achieving the quantitative security of agricultural products, the quality and safety of agricultural products, and agricultural ecological security, it is necessary to raise the level of field facilities and the basic fertility of farmland, improve the farmland quality environment, and ensure that by 2020, 800 million mu of high-standard farmland that is concentrated and contiguous and gives stable yields despite drought or excessive rain will be built; the basic fertility of farmland will be raised by 0.5 grades, and the soil organic matter content will be increased by 0.5 percentage points; the utilization rate of organic fertilizer resources will be increased by 20 percentage points, straw return to the field will reach 80%, zero growth in the use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers will be achieved, and problems such as farmland acidification, salinization and pollution will be effectively controlled.
In terms of development paths, it is necessary to coordinate the present and the long term, production and ecology, engineering and techniques, and agricultural machinery and agronomy, and highlight the four key points of "improvement, fertility building, conservation and control." Among them, "improvement" means improving the soil, with the focus on improving obstacle soils such as acidified and salinized soils and improving cultivation methods; "fertility building" means building soil fertility, with the focus on increasing soil organic matter content and raising the basic fertility of farmland; "conservation" means conserving water and fertilizer, with the focus on promoting soil testing and formulated fertilization and integrated water and fertilizer management, advancing deep plowing and deep loosening, and promoting contour planting; "control" means pollution control and remediation, with the focus on controlling the application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, blocking and controlling heavy metal and organic pollution, and controlling residual agricultural film.