How Should the New-Type Urbanization Innovate the Factor Input System
Advancing urbanization is an important way to resolve the issues relating to agriculture, rural areas and farmers, a strong support for promoting coordinated regional development, and an important lever for expanding domestic demand and promoting industrial upgrading. Exploring a path of new-type urbanization with Chinese characteristics means drawing on the experience and lessons of urbanization development at home and abroad and following a development path in which new industrialization, informatization, urbanization and agricultural modernization advance in a synchronized and coordinated manner. The input system of production factors is a necessary condition for the building of the "four modernizations" and bears on the speed and quality of advancing new-type urbanization. To this end, it is necessary to innovate the factor input system, give full play to the decisive role of the market and the positive role of the government's macro-control, and create conditions for gradually realizing the shift of urbanization from policy-driven to market-driven.
Enhance the factor attractiveness of the input system. Under market-based conditions, production factors flow automatically to regions with strong attractiveness. First, enhance attractiveness through scientific planning. We should base ourselves on the stage of development, keep in view the integrity of the region, and pursue coordination between urban and rural areas, expanding space for factor concentration from the strategic level of urban-rural planning. We should present bright prospects in the overall urban planning, in the approach to urban construction planning, and in the industrial support for urban construction, truly supporting towns with industry, gathering popularity with employment, and activating commercial vitality with popularity. Second, enhance attractiveness through hardware facilities. Strengthen infrastructure construction and build a "highland" for investment and business development. Building a good "nest" is the prerequisite and foundational work for attracting factor resources. Focusing on expanding urban space and improving urban functions, advance urban construction from a high starting point and at a high level, and enhance the city's attractiveness to production factors. Third, enhance attractiveness through policy innovation. Taking the implementation of the spirit of the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee as an opportunity, coordinate the relationship among the government, the market and society, actively build a platform for confirming and transferring rural land resource rights, innovate the old-city renovation model, innovate the financing model for urban construction, and innovate the input mechanism for building central towns, giving investors opportunities and giving every worker a chance to shine. Fourth, enhance attractiveness through distinctive development. Urbanization full of distinctive features is best able to attract the concentration of production factors. In light of regional characteristics and actual development, focus on developing distinctive towns with historical memory, regional features, cultural charm and ethnic characteristics, follow a path of distinctive urbanization, and let production factors selectively concentrate in the most suitable places.
Enhance the factor coordination capacity of the input system. New-type urbanization requires promoting the coordinated development of large, medium and small cities and small towns, the integrated development of industry and towns, and the coordinated advancement of urbanization and new rural construction. We should foster the idea of a single chessboard for the whole country and effectively enhance the factor coordination capacity of the input system. First, do a good job in the institutional design for enhancing factor coordination capacity. From the height of coordinating government, market and social forces, do a good job in the institutional design for the coordinated input of factors across regions, between urban and rural areas, and across fields. Second, take market regulation as the basic means of coordinating factors. With the integration of urban and rural factor markets as the goal, reform the institutions and mechanisms that separate urban and rural areas, and improve the rational allocation of production factors between urban and rural areas. Third, give play to the positive role of policies in coordinating production factors. Adhere to the principle of industry nurturing agriculture and cities supporting rural areas, formulate a practical and feasible policy system, and guide urban talent, technology, capital and other production factors to flow into rural areas. Support the establishment, initiated by social capital, of county-level small and medium-sized banks and financial leasing companies serving agriculture, rural areas and farmers, actively develop new-type rural cooperative financial organizations, and make up for the shortfall in urban and rural construction funds.
⟦NL> Enhance the factor integration capacity of the input system. The development of new-type urbanization places higher demands on the integration and concentration effects of production factors such as population, resources, capital and technology. First, innovate organizational carriers to improve factor integration capacity. Vigorously develop rural specialized cooperatives, build the business model of company plus farmers, and strengthen the integration of rural production factors. Deepen the reform of the state-owned asset management system and, through shareholding reform, integrate idle social resources. Support investment groups that span urban and rural areas, and with major projects as the lever, integrate urban and rural resource factors. Second, improve factor integration capacity through policy guidance. Break down the boundaries of administrative divisions, eliminate traditional institutional obstacles, and realize the mutual matching of the allocation of factors such as land, capital and resources with tax and credit work, as well as policies on land transfer, household registration management, social security and other aspects, improving factor integration through a complete policy system. Third, improve factor integration capacity through platform building. Adhere to a market orientation, explore and innovate the institutional mechanisms for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements and for public services, build a platform combining government, industry, academia and research, promote the transformation and industrialization of innovative achievements, and advance the integration of production factors. Fourth, improve factor integration capacity through a pattern of differentiated development. Rationally adjust the distribution of productive forces across regions, urban agglomerations and urban and rural areas, establish a pattern of drawing on each other's strengths to offset weaknesses and pursuing differentiated development, and improve the integration capacity of regional production factors.