What are the development paths for modern mountain efficient agriculture?
The complexity of Guizhou's landform types and the particularity of its ecological environment determine the regional characteristics of abundant and high-quality agricultural resources. Looking ahead 5-10 years, mountain agriculture development has phased room for growth and considerable potential for enriching the people, and is an important vehicle for Guizhou's strategy of enriching the people. Exploring the development paths for modern mountain efficient agriculture: it is necessary to scientifically select and cultivate leading industries with regional characteristics; to consolidate scattered resources into an integrated whole and cultivate new types of agricultural business entities; to strengthen the foundation and grasp circulation, build markets and promote farmers' income growth; to rely on science and technology to drive structural adjustment and farmers' income growth; and to innovate mechanisms to promote structural adjustment and farmers' income growth.
Path one: scientifically select and cultivate leading industries with regional characteristics. To vigorously develop modern mountain efficient agriculture, it is necessary to give play to regional advantages and focus on cultivating and developing leading industries with local characteristics. First, it is necessary to give play to Guizhou's advantages of many climate types, obvious vertical differences, abundant natural and biological resources, and suitability for the growth of many crops, achieve breakthroughs in establishing characteristic agriculture of a certain scale, establish the idea that characteristic means advantage and characteristic means benefit, each pursuing its own advantages and each performing its own specialty, work hard on establishing leading industries, transform traditional famous brands through means such as certification of pollution-free agricultural products and famous-brand products, adjust small characteristics into big industries, work hard on forming characteristic industries with competitive advantages, accelerate the development of characteristic agricultural product processing, seek development through scale, strive for benefits through characteristics, and truly transform the advantages of characteristic resources into real economic advantages.
Path two: consolidate scattered resources into an integrated whole and cultivate new types of agricultural business entities. Innovating the agricultural management system is a realistic requirement for our province to develop modern mountain efficient agriculture. At present, agricultural development entities are diverse, development methods are diverse, operating mechanisms are diverse, factor composition is diverse, and distribution methods are also diverse. It is necessary to promote the integration of multiple items such as agriculture-related project funds and technical forces, implement multi-party linkage among departments, experts, farmers and business owners, vigorously develop the ranks of farmer brokers, fully give play to their role as the main force in market circulation, and promote their transformation from part-time to professional, from scattered to group-based, and from purchasing and marketing organizations to purchasing and marketing enterprises. First, leadership-driven. On the premise of adhering to the unchanged basic rural management system, through a sound interest linkage mechanism, form a pattern of division of labor and cooperation, complementary advantages and win-win cooperation among leading enterprises, farmers' professional cooperatives, family farms and large households. Adopt methods such as "company + cooperative + large households + farmers" and establish land transfer cooperatives to reintegrate the "scattered" land of individual households, form large-scale, economical, intensive and modern planting, and let farmers obtain rent from transferring land, wages from working in enterprises, and dividends from land shares. Or use the development model of "land transfer - leaseback and subcontracting - rehiring labor - farmers buying back land for self-management" to achieve a win-win of company development and farmers' income growth. Second, market-driven. Focusing on the internal requirement of building a modern mountain agricultural management system through synchronous development of production scale expansion and market expansion, take the market as the guide, implement integrated agriculture-tourism operation, use resources such as modern agricultural sightseeing parks to drive the development of related industries such as catering and entertainment, transportation and real estate, open rural tourism projects, and promote the synchronous development of industry and rural tourism. Third, large households pulling or cooperatives + family farms driving. Issue opinions on supporting the development of family farms, explore diverse development models such as leadership pairing assistance, technical services, policy fulfillment, production-sales linkage, standardized management, and "farm owners contributing capital shares, farmers contributing land shares, and technicians contributing technology shares" to drive farmers' income growth.
Path three: strengthen the foundation, grasp circulation, build markets and promote farmers' income growth. First, focus on consolidating the foundation for agricultural and rural development. Take accelerating market construction as a key link in developing regional characteristic economy and promoting agricultural structural adjustment, and form a market network combining large specialized wholesale markets, production-area trading markets, rural fair trade markets and rural e-commerce. Second, vigorously implement the "four grasps." Deeply implement the "four grasps" project of grasping brands, grasping markets, grasping sales and grasping quality, organize enterprises to participate in various expos, vigorously promote characteristic brands, and increase the visibility of agricultural products. Third, actively develop e-commerce. Accelerate the implementation of the agriculture "going global" strategy, make full use of various agricultural product exhibitions and fairs and various media means to carry out product publicity, and actively broaden e-commerce marketing channels. Fourth, vigorously promote skills training and transfer employment. In response to the needs of new industrialization, urbanization, park construction, agricultural industrialization and returning migrant workers' entrepreneurship, continuously strengthen farmers' non-agricultural skills training. Vigorously implement the "returning migrant workers entrepreneurship action plan," establish bases for returning migrant workers to start businesses with industrial parks as the carrier, and drive farmers' employment.
Path four: rely on science and technology to drive structural adjustment and farmers' income growth. Adhere to taking scientific and technological progress as support, focus on improving the scientific and technological content and market competitiveness of agricultural products, and take the path of combining production, education and research to promote industrial development and drive farmers' income growth. First, attract talent and bring in intellectual resources to drive agricultural scientific and technological innovation. Focusing on solving the problems of insufficient agricultural scientific and technological talent and backward scientific and technological level, actively carry out paid technical services with national and provincial research institutes, implement mutually beneficial technical "marriages," and attract research institute units, universities and scientific and technological talent to engage in agricultural scientific and technological development and technical guidance. Second, attract investment and promote farmers' income growth and prosperity. Closely follow the world's agriculturally developed countries and well-known domestic enterprises to carry out agricultural investment attraction, develop specialized, standardized, large-scale and intensive production, and provide jobs for farmers' employment. Third, conduct research around industries and accelerate the promotion and application of agricultural science and technology. Build research institutes in the fields, establish scientific and technological research teams of different specialties and different types, actively introduce new varieties, new technologies and new achievements, conduct experimental demonstrations and screening for the best, and directly provide scientific and technological services for production.
Path five: innovate mechanisms to promote structural adjustment and farmers' income growth. Treat the regional economy as the main body of market competition, operate all absorbable production factors such as land, capital, technology and brands as resources, give play to the maximum benefits of resources, and boldly innovate and pilot first in areas such as water conservancy, rural finance, the rural land property rights system, the construction of a socialized service system, innovating the working mechanism for targeted poverty alleviation, and promoting the equalization of rural public services, so as to further release the vitality of rural development.