How to Break the Growth Bottleneck of New-Type Business Entities

To cultivate new-type agricultural business entities, transform the agricultural development model, improve the overall efficiency and market competitiveness of agriculture, and advance the rapid development of modern agriculture, the problems of capital, land and mechanisms must be effectively solved.

First, small enterprises face difficulties in obtaining loans and financing. Among new-type agricultural business entities, leading enterprises find financing relatively easy, while small enterprises, especially large agricultural households, family farms and specialized cooperatives, find it relatively difficult. Their credit rating is relatively low and their credit lines are small, placing them at a disadvantage in financing and loans. For specialized cooperatives, because loans cannot be smoothly granted, the capital chain is short, enterprise transformation and upgrading is slow, and results are diminished.

Second, limited land transfer is a pressing dilemma. As reform and opening up continue to deepen, areas that were originally rich in land resources but underdeveloped, especially rural areas in the west where information is relatively inaccessible, have attracted a large of labor with their favorable resource endowments. The number of professional farmers has increased, and out-of-town merchants have flocked in, triggering a shortage of land resources. Even as transfer and lease fees rise, some new-type business entities still cannot obtain land through transfer from farmers, which restricts the development of family farms and large agricultural households.

Third, there is a lack of a sound operating mechanism. New-type agricultural business entities are an important part of the current effort to advance innovation in agricultural operation systems and mechanisms, and great hopes have been placed on them to resolve many contradictions and problems in the agricultural sector. However, due to a relatively large funding gap, scale development cannot get off the ground, and local agricultural business entities, especially specialized cooperatives and family farms, lack necessary social security. Infrastructure is incomplete and necessary hardware support is lacking, so the agricultural product industry chain cannot be extended.

To effectively implement the spirit of the central authorities and meet the requirements of accelerating the transformation of the modern agricultural development model, the author believes that development bottlenecks can be broken through in three aspects.

First, the financing capacity of small agricultural enterprises must be enhanced. In response to the shortage of funds for new-type agricultural business entities, mortgage loans on forest rights, land management rights, rural property and brands can be vigorously promoted. Focusing on increasing farmers' incomes, the intensity of benefit-to-farmers policies should be increased. Banks should further lower the loan thresholds for new-type agricultural business entities, especially small agricultural enterprises. Counties can actively apply to be provincial and national trustworthy counties, advance pilot work, support qualified villages and towns in innovatively carrying out credit cooperation, and implement multiple financing methods such as mutual fund assistance and loan guarantees. Work to attract and select investors should be carried out in tandem, attracting enterprises with capital and strength into agriculture, coordinating the use of agriculture-related funds, and maximizing the efficiency of funds.

Second, the land price evaluation mechanism should be improved. A sound rural land transfer service system should be established and improved, separating the three rights of ownership, contract rights and management rights, guiding land resources to flow to new-type agricultural production and operation entities, and using a reasonable land price mechanism to supervise land leasing by agricultural enterprises. By establishing a transfer land information database, grading and classifying transferred land, formulating benchmark prices that include factors such as land differential income, regional differences and infrastructure conditions, and adopting methods such as seeking land from mountains and seeking land from rivers to improve land use efficiency and expand development space, the land needs of new-type agricultural business entities can be met as far as possible. At the same time, market demand should be regulated to prevent excessive speculation driving up land prices. This avoids both the fragmentation of agricultural production and the blind pursuit of grandiose scale, and also reduces the risk of increased enterprise production costs and worker unemployment caused by rising land prices.

Third, supporting mechanisms should be established and improved to promote the integrated development of the three industries and create a favorable environment for the healthy growth of new-type agricultural business entities. Adjust the structure of the agricultural industry, cultivate new-type agricultural business entities, accelerate the building of a new-type agricultural operation system, and focus on developing competitive agricultural advantage industries as well as the secondary industry centered on agricultural product preservation and deep processing and the tertiary industry centered on agricultural sightseeing tourism and agricultural logistics, so as to achieve the "linking of agriculture with the secondary and tertiary industries." To this end, supporting facilities should be strengthened, the capillary function of rural roads should be improved, and attention should be paid to the construction of ditches, trading markets and power facilities. At the same time, relevant service measures should be introduced, evaluation content should be refined, operational supervision should be strengthened, and services such as contract signing, registration, filing, consultation and transactions should be improved. Cooperate with e-commerce and use "Internet Plus" to establish a unified information platform for product production, processing and sales, so as to solve the problems of poor information, low skills and insufficient confidence among new-type agricultural business entities. Actively provide insurance services, focusing on providing insurance services for agricultural planting, breeding, product processing, storage and transportation, so as to escort the healthy growth of new-type agricultural business entities.