Building a new type of agricultural operation system: experts remind that two types of risks must be guarded against

"Judging from current conditions such as production technology and market development, the smallholder operation pattern brought about by the long-standing rural household contract responsibility system is already difficult to sustain, and innovation in the agricultural operation system and mechanisms is needed to build a new type of agricultural operation system." Yesterday, Lu Zhiwang, associate professor at the College of Economics and Management of China Agricultural University, said in an interview with a reporter from Securities Daily.

Recently, the General Office of the CPC Central Committee and the General Office of the State Council issued the Comprehensive Implementation Plan for Deepening Rural Reform (hereinafter referred to as the Plan), proposing to accelerate the building of a new type of agricultural operation system. Developing various forms of appropriately scaled agricultural operation is the only way to agricultural modernization. It is necessary to take raising land output rate, resource utilization rate and labor productivity as the core, accelerate the cultivation of new types of agricultural operation entities such as family farms, specialized large households, farmers' cooperatives and leading enterprises in agricultural industrialization, and build a three-dimensional, composite modern agricultural operation system that suits national conditions and the development stage, is based on household family operation, is linked by cooperation and association, and is supported by socialized services, so as to improve the level of intensification, scale, organization, socialization and industrialization of agricultural operation.

Lu Zhiwang said that building a new type of agricultural operation system is intended to improve agricultural production efficiency and meet the strategic requirements of national food security. At present, the scale of labor transfer in China is still rising. In recent years, nearly 300 million migrant workers have entered cities, and the absolute number of rural labor has decreased. In addition, China has entered a period of aging, and the age of the labor force engaged in agriculture is generally relatively old, which affects the improvement of agricultural production efficiency and thus endangers the goal of food security.

However, some market participants believe that the development of new types of operation entities still faces two types of risks: from a macro perspective, after land transfer there is the possibility and tendency of "non-grainization", and the government cannot interfere with whether operation entities plant grain crops or cash crops, but must properly respond to the impact of "non-grainization" on food security; from a micro perspective, the ability of new types of operation entities to withstand risks is still relatively weak, especially market risks. For example, grain prices have been hovering at low levels this year, dealing a relatively large blow to enthusiasm for growing grain.