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Occurrence Patterns and Control Methods of Silkworm Muscardine
Silkworm muscardine, also known as hardening disease, is a silkworm disease caused by fungal parasitism. The bodies of diseased silkworms dry out and harden, with mycelium and conidia growing on the body surface. Because the bodies of diseased silkworms produce spores of different colors on the outside, the disease can be divided into white muscardine, green muscardine, yellow muscardine, gray muscardine and brown muscardine, among which white muscardine is the most common. There are two routes of infection: contact infection and wound infection. In both cases, pathogen spores attach to the surface of the silkworm body through media such as air and mulberry leaves, then penetrate into the silkworm body and parasitize it. If not controlled in time, it spreads very quickly and the mortality rate is relatively high.
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Key Technical Points and Management Methods for Uniform Silkworm Larva Development
Uniform silkworm larva development is the primary guarantee for implementing automated mounting of silkworms (spinning on frames), and an important prerequisite for ensuring high-quality and high-yield silkworm cocoons. To achieve uniform silkworm larva development, the following aspects of work must be done well: 1. Properly protect the silkworm eggs after receiving them to promote uniform hatching. Immediately after receiving the silkworm eggs, pour them out and spread them evenly in a foil-lined tray with white paper, and keep them in an environment with a temperature of 26°C, a wet-dry difference of 1.5-2°C, and darkness (covered with black cloth) for protection. On the morning of the hatching day at 4-5 o'clock, uncover the covering, turn on
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Introduction to the effects and usage methods of Silkworm Disinfectant
National-level new product, a highly effective broad-spectrum disinfectant, with killing effects on the pathogens of silkworm viral diseases, fungal diseases, bacterial diseases and protozoal diseases, and an even more notable disinfection effect on the pathogens of pebrine disease; a 1600-fold aqueous solution can kill pebrine spores in 5 minutes. It can be used for disinfection of silkworm rooms and silkworm rearing tools, and mulberry leaf surfaces. The product specification is 100 grams per bag (Medicine A 80 grams : Medicine B 20 grams). Usage and dosage: after the two medicines are dissolved, spray disinfection and immersion disinfection. For disinfection of silkworm rooms and silkworm rearing tools, dilute 1:250,
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Measures and Methods to Prevent the Occurrence of Three-Molt Silkworms
At present, most of the silkworms reared in our province are four-molt silkworms. Under normal incubation and rearing conditions, a four-molt silkworm should undergo four molts in one generation. However, if the incubation and rearing conditions are poor, a four-molt silkworm may undergo only three molts in one generation, resulting in reduced mulberry leaf consumption, smaller cocoon shape, and lower yield. The reasons why four-molt silkworms undergo only three molts include: incubation under low temperature, dry conditions and darkness at around 20°C; exposure to more than 12 hours of light per day during the young silkworm stage; feeding mulberry leaves that are too tender or too high in protein; after the silkworm eggs are brought back, they are not kept warm and protected, and are directly placed at natural temperature for supplementary incubation, resulting in excessively long supplementary incubation time and accumulated temperature failing to reach the standard;
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Detailed Explanation of Key Technical Points for Silkworm Disease Prevention and Control
In the process of rearing silkworms, the occurrence of silkworm diseases is closely related to the constitution of the larvae, pathogens, and environmental conditions. Silkworm farmers who do not thoroughly disinfect the rearing rooms and tools, who manage the rearing period with extensive techniques, and who provide poor environmental conditions create factors unfavorable to larval growth and development. These factors easily lead to invasion by pathogenic microorganisms, causing a decline in larval constitution and resulting in disease, which leads to mass outbreaks of illness in the larvae and causes significant economic losses for silkworm farmers. To effectively control the occurrence of larval diseases during the silkworm larval rearing period,
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A Detailed Guide to Silkworm Rearing Techniques and Disease Prevention and Control Methods
1. What should be noted when rearing third-instar silkworms? The third-instar stage lasts about 96 hours, of which about 72 hours are spent feeding on mulberry leaves and about 24 hours in molting. Physiologically, third-instar silkworms are still in the young-silkworm stage; their growth rate is slower than that of the first and second instars, their body weight increases 5 to 6 times compared with the second instar, and their adaptability to high temperatures differs somewhat from that of the first and second instars. During rearing, attention should be paid to: (1) The rearing temperature during the third instar is best at 25.5°C to 26°C, with a wet-bulb depression of 2°C to 3°C. (2) The mulberry leaves used in the third instar should be mature leaves, not
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Common Disease Prevention and Control Methods and Technical Key Points for Silkworms
I. Pebrine. Commonly known as flower intestine, it is a devastating infectious disease. 1. Cause: Infection by the spores of Nosema bombycis. Transmission routes: first, transovarial transmission, that is, infected eggs laid by diseased female moths pass the infection to offspring; second, oral infection, that is, silkworms contract the disease after eating spores of Nosema bombycis. 2. Symptoms: Uneven colony development, thin and small silkworm bodies, poor appetite, many become non-molting silkworms, rise late or molt poorly, and sometimes there are dark brown spots of varying sizes like pepper powder on both sides of the ventral surface. Tearing open the outer skin of diseased 5th-instar silkworms reveals
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Ten observations for silkworm disease prevention and control: remember these ten key points when raising silkworms
1. Observe the development of the colony. When the ants are collected, the hatching is uneven, the ant silkworms are uneven in size, with big heads and small tails, spin a lot of silk, and crawl around the rearing seat, indicating a weak constitution. During rearing, touch the silkworm body with your hand or lift the silkworm up; if the silkworm contracts and resists, it is healthy; if it has no reaction, it indicates a weak constitution. In the large silkworm stage, touch the silkworm body flatly with the back of your hand; if it feels cold, it is a healthy silkworm; if it feels damp and hot, it indicates that the constitution is not strong. 2. Observe the posture before and after molting. When a healthy silkworm is about to molt, its head and thorax are raised, and molting is uniform. If it does not enter sleep for a long time, and after entering sleep its head
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What are the patterns of silkworms spinning silk and forming cocoons? A full explanation of the process
The life of a silkworm goes through 4 stages: egg, larva, pupa and adult. The larval stage of the silkworm is what people call the silkworm baby stage. What is usually called sericulture refers to the rearing of the larvae. From hatching to cocoon spinning, the larva must go through 4 molts. People therefore divide the course of the larva into 5 instars. During the period before molting, the silkworm does not eat or move, which is called sleeping. From the first to the fourth instar, the silkworm must sleep 4 times; in the later stage of the fifth instar, it no longer sleeps, but spins silk and forms a cocoon, and pupates inside the cocoon, thereby completing the larval stage of the silkworm. Newly hatched silkworms are called ant silkworms, and newly molted
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A Detailed Guide to Canine Vaccination and Deworming Methods
Canine Vaccination and Deworming Injecting vaccines into dogs is the best way to protect both dogs and their owners from rabies and other serious diseases; canine distemper and canine parvovirus are also major causes of dog deaths in China. Deworming is also very important for a dog's healthy growth. If a dog eats and eliminates normally a few days after being brought home, it should be vaccinated and dewormed as soon as possible. Intervet and Nobivac vaccines are recommended, with immunization rates above 99.99%. Notes on caring for a new dog: 1. A newly purchased puppy should ideally be given an immediate injection of serum or immunoglobulin.
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