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Soybean Good Seed Propagation Methods and Key Technical Points
Soybean is a self-pollinating crop. Due to mechanical mixing, adverse climatic and cultivation conditions, and natural cross-pollination, the varietal characteristics often deteriorate. Therefore, self-pollinated seeds cannot be used long-term, and seeds should be replaced every three years. Thus, it is necessary to persist in purification and rejuvenation and carry out good propagation work to maintain the varietal characteristics of good varieties. 1. Purification and rejuvenation methods for soybean varieties (1) Line selection The commonly used method for soybean purification and rejuvenation consists of three steps: individual plant selection, line identification, and mixed high-ratio propagation. Three plots are established: an individual plant selection nursery,
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Detailed Explanation of Key Technical Points for Narrow-Row Dense Planting Cultivation of Soybean
Reducing row spacing and increasing row number, that is, narrow-row dense planting, is one of the effective ways to increase soybean yield. This cultivation method is divided into three forms: first, wide-ridge narrow-row dense planting, which is a wide-bed narrow-row dense planting cultivation method that combines the original two ridges into one ridge or one and a half ridges into one ridge. The wide ridge width is 97.5-140 cm, 4-6 rows are sown on the ridge, and the seedling stand per hectare is 400,000-500,000 plants. At present, 70 cm ridge cultivation in production can generally increase yield by about 20%. This cultivation technique is suitable for use by farmers in townships in the central-southern and eastern low-lying, wet, and waterlogged areas with relatively high productivity levels.
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How to plant honeysuckle? Planting methods and key technical points
I. Planting method: Use sunny barren slopes, sandy land, terrace edges, and riverside sites to plant honeysuckle. Apply 2000-3000 kg of organic fertilizer per mu. Layering can be done in both spring and autumn; in autumn, late August to mid-October is best. Choose strong 1-2 year old branches for layering, 50-80 cm long; after covering with soil, tread it firm, leaving 2/5 of the layer exposed above the soil surface, and water promptly in case of severe drought. Honeysuckle begins to root in 15 days, and is then transplanted for field planting in the following spring or autumn. II. Field management (1) Cultivation and weeding. Cultivate and weed 3
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Cultivation Methods and Technical Key Points for Gastrodia Seed Material
Gastrodia cannot nourish itself; it must rely on a symbiotic relationship with Armillaria mellea (honey fungus) to obtain nutrients for reproduction and growth. The parasitic Armillaria mellea can grow on about 200 species of tree trees, especially broadleaf forests. Generally, Armillaria mellea grows from the roots of cut trees, bamboo, or burned trees and bamboo, as well as dead trees fallen in the forest. Armillaria mellea must grow vigorously under certain moist conditions; soil moisture content should be no less than 45%-50%, and relative air humidity of 75%-80% is suitable. Armillaria mellea can also be cultured artificially, but the spawn must first be
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Detailed Explanation of Gastrodia Planting Methods and Key Technical Points
① Asexual propagation cultivation method: The planting method that uses the tubers of Gastrodia as propagation material is called the asexual cultivation method. ② Active fungal wood plus new wood companion planting method: Dig pits according to the specific conditions of the planting site. The pit width should be 6-8 cm wider than the length of the fungal wood. The pit length is not fixed; it is suitable if 5-20 pieces of fungal wood can be placed. The pit depth depends on local conditions. Loosen the pit bottom by 6-10 cm and shape it into a slope, then the fungal wood can be laid out and Gastrodia planted. ③ Sexual propagation method: The planting method that uses seeds as propagation material is called the sexual propagation cultivation method. The white-headed hemp and rice hemp produced by seed propagation are used as seed tubers. They have strong vitality, are not easily degraded, and have a large propagation coefficient, making this an important approach for cultivating Gastrodia.
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Mushroom Pest and Disease Control Methods and Technical Key Points
With the further development of the mushroom industry, standardizing mushroom pest and disease control has become very necessary. The following recommendations on mushroom pest and disease control are hereby proposed: 1. Mushroom pest and disease control must establish the principles of prevention first, integrated control, and scientific use of chemical agents. Specifically, the following should be done: 1. Conscientiously carry out environmental sanitation work in and around the mushroom house. The environmental sanitation of the mushroom house is crucial to the occurrence of pests and diseases. The following must be done: ① The mushroom house and its surroundings must be clean and hygienic, with thorough sterilization and disinfection. Chicken coops and pig pens should be kept away from the mushroom house. ② After the spring mushroom
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Mushroom Disease Control Methods and Key Technical Points
In late September, mushrooms begin to fruit successively, which is also the time when diseases in the mushroom house begin to multiply and cause damage. Mushroom walnut-flesh fungus (Diehliomyces microsporus) is one of the more serious diseases in mushroom production. This fungus is also called "false truffle," and its pathogen is Microsporon desmazieri. When the ascocarps cluster together, they appear walnut-flesh or cauliflower-shaped, pale yellow to cream-colored, turning light brown when mature. The surface is covered with a scaly, dandruff-like layer, and the flesh is dense and soft, giving off a fishy odor when crushed; the larger ones can reach over 10 cm. Once the mushroom bed is infected by walnut-flesh fungus, spraying on the bed surface should be stopped immediately
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Key Technical Points in the Research and Development of Seasoned Mushroom Snacks
Seasoned mushroom snack series are among the newest leisure plant-based products. In particular, plant-based seasonings like mushroom snacks have become the reason many consumers favor this new food source of plant products, and the market has remained bullish. Drawing on years of experience in researching compound seasoned foods, we now specially offer the research and development techniques for related seasoned mushroom series products, such as seasoned shaggy mane mushroom (Coprinus comatus), seasoned enoki mushroom (Flammulina velutipes), seasoned tea tree mushroom (Agrocybe aegerita), seasoned shiitake mushroom (Lentinula edodes), seasoned matsutake (Tricholoma matsutake), and seasoned bolete (Boletus spp.), for everyone's reference and inspiration. 1. Processing workflow for seasoned mushrooms: mushrooms to trimming to preservation to
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Key Technical Points for Mushroom Cultivation and Management in Winter Fallow Fields
Using winter fallow fields to cultivate mushrooms with rice straw and manure as the main raw materials can greatly increase income, and the spent substrate after cultivation can be returned directly to the field or used as raw material for bio-organic fertilizer. The winter fallow field mushroom cultivation technique is introduced as follows: Substrate formula: when stacking materials, calculated per square meter of mushroom bed, use 12.5-13.5 kg of dry rice straw, 0.8 kg of rapeseed cake powder, 0.45 kg of gypsum powder, 0.45 kg of superphosphate, 0.45 kg of compound fertilizer, and 0.45 kg of lime powder. Per mu
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How to Cultivate Mushrooms in Winter Fallow Fields? Detailed Technical Points
Using winter fallow fields to cultivate mushrooms is a good way to increase income. At the same time, it helps to build soil fertility and increase grain yields. The technical points are: 1. Material preparation. For every 100 sq m cultivated, prepare 1250 kg of rice straw, 1750 kg of cow manure, 45 kg of peanut bran (select well-composted), 15 kg of urea, 40 kg of lime, 25 kg of superphosphate, and 25 kg of gypsum. 2. Pile composting and fermentation. Generally, start piling the material 1 month before sowing, that is, around early October, and the composting period is about 1 month,
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