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Control Methods and Key Technical Points for Codonopsis Diseases
I. Rust mainly damages the stems and leaves of Codonopsis. Control methods: clean the field, eliminate field weeds and diseased plants. In the early stage of the disease, spray 25% triadimefon wettable powder at 1000-1500 times dilution, or 90% dithianon sodium at 400 times dilution for control. Spray once every 7-10 days, for 2-3 consecutive sprays. II. Root rot mainly damages the roots of Codonopsis. Control methods: from July to August, apply additional phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. Before transplanting Codonopsis, soak the roots in 50% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder at 1000 times dilution for 5 minutes. When the disease occurs
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Key Technical Points for Harvesting and Processing Codonopsis pilosula
(1) Harvesting: Direct-sown Codonopsis pilosula needs 3 years before it can be harvested, while transplanted seedlings are best harvested in the second year after transplanting. In autumn, after the above-ground stems and leaves turn yellow and wither, choose a sunny day and dig carefully and deeply, turning out the whole root, avoiding cuts and breakage so that the sap does not flow out and form black scars, which would reduce quality. (2) Processing: Wash the harvested Codonopsis pilosula, grade it, and process each grade separately. First spread it on a drying mat in the sun for 2-3 days; when the roots become soft from drying, tie each grade of Codonopsis pilosula into small bundles, hold the root head with one hand, and with the other hand rub downward along the root several times. The next day, sun-dry again, and in the evening gather them into ox-horn bundles, each weighing 1
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Methods for Weed Control in Codonopsis pilosula and Key Technical Points
For fields where annual grass weeds such as barnyardgrass, crabgrass, foxtail, and giant foxtail are the main weeds, use herbicides such as napropamide (sethoxydim), quizalofop-p-ethyl, and fluazifop-p-butyl. ①2% sethoxydim emulsifiable concentrate at 75-100 g per 667 sq m. ②5% quizalofop-p-ethyl emulsifiable concentrate at 75-100 g. ③15% fluazifop-p-butyl emulsifiable concentrate at 75-100 g. Dilute the application rate in 15-20 kg of clean water and spray the stems and leaves of the weeds. Choose a sunny, windless day between 9-11 a.m. or after 4 p.m.
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Methods for Controlling Underground Pests of Codonopsis pilosula and Key Technical Points
The main underground pests harming Codonopsis pilosula are white grubs, cutworms and mole crickets; the above-ground pest is spider mites. Control methods for underground pests: use poisoned soil and poisoned bait to lure and kill them. Poisoned soil preparation: use 0.5-1.5 kg of 35% endosulfan per mu, 15 kg of soil, mix and scatter among the seedling roots; poisoned bait preparation: use 1 kg of roasted cake meal per mu, add 35 g of trichlorfon, mix well with water, scatter on the bed surface and beside the beds, in the furrows or on the ridges. Control methods for above-ground pests: the above-ground pest of Codonopsis pilosula is spider mites, generally
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Soil preparation methods and key technical points for Codonopsis pilosula cultivation
Both spring plowing and autumn plowing are acceptable, but autumn plowing is preferable. Before plowing, spread 30,000-50,000 kg of decomposed farmyard manure or compost per hectare, then plow to a depth of 25-30 cm, harrow fine and level. Codonopsis pilosula (poor man's ginseng) is suited to bed cultivation, with a bed width of 120 cm; on high, dry terrain flat beds can be made, while on lower terrain raised beds of 10-15 cm can be made. In some places ridge cultivation is practiced; to increase the number of plants per unit area, make small ridges of 50 cm, or make wide ridges of 60 cm with double-row planting.
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A Detailed Guide to the Planting Methods and Key Technical Points for Codonopsis pilosula
Codonopsis pilosula: mainly produced in Shanxi, Shaanxi, Gansu, Sichuan and the Northeast region. Codonopsis pilosula var. modesta: mainly produced in western Sichuan and parts of Gansu. Codonopsis tangshen: mainly in Sichuan, Chongqing, Hubei, Hunan, Guizhou and other provinces. [Medicinal material characteristics] Codonopsis pilosula: the root is long and cylindrical, slightly curved, 10-35 cm long, 0.4-2 cm in diameter. The surface is yellow-brown to grayish-brown; the root head has numerous warty, protruding stem scars and buds, with the tip of each stem scar appearing as a sunken round dot; below the root head there are dense ring-like
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What are the key technical points for greenhouse tea cultivation and management?
1. Site selection: Choose level ground or gently sloping land with fertile soil, abundant water, and good soil permeability to establish the tea garden. It is best to choose terrain with mountains to the north and open land to the south, to help block the cold winter winds and avoid wind gaps. For flatland tea gardens, a windbreak forest should be set up on the north side of the tea garden. 2. Tree age: Give priority to mature tea gardens, which have strong tree vigor, robust growth, and high tea yields, with a tea garden coverage of over 85%. 3. Greenhouse model: Mainly winter-warm greenhouses, generally about 13 m wide, with a length not
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Six key technical points for spring tea management
Weeding and loosening the soil: After 4-5 months of rain and snow, the tea garden soil has become compacted, and some weeds have already grown. At this time, the soil temperature is relatively low. Therefore, weeding and loosening the soil before the spring tea harvest helps to loosen the soil, raise the soil temperature, eliminate weeds, and reduce the consumption of water and nutrients, which promotes earlier sprouting of spring tea. Weeding and loosening the soil is generally carried out from the end of February to early March, with a depth of 10-15 cm. Applying bud-promoting fertilizer: The bud-promoting fertilizer should be applied early rather than late, with a trench opened 15-20 cm from the tea plant roots
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Mechanized Processing Flow and Key Technical Points for Flat-shaped Tea
At present, the machinery used for processing flat-shaped tea is mostly the multi-purpose wok-trough machine. This machine is easy to operate, low in cost and high in output, and is well received by the great majority of tea farmers. The processing flow of flat-shaped tea with the multi-purpose wok-trough machine includes spreading fresh leaves -- green-fixing wok (fixing and shaping) -- spreading to cool and regain moisture --
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Control Methods and Technical Key Points for the Tea Green Leafhopper (Empoasca flavescens)
The tea green leafhopper, also known as the small green leafhopper, is one of the most important insect pests of tea in Fujian Province. It mainly feeds by piercing and sucking the sap of tender tea shoots with adults and nymphs, and female adults lay eggs inside the stems of tender shoots, causing stunted growth of tea plants. The damaged buds and leaves curl and harden, and the leaf tips and margins become reddish-brown and scorched, affecting the yield and quality of tea. This pest has multiple generations per year in Fujian Province, with overlapping generations. In low-mountain tea areas, it has 12 to 13 generations per year, with peak damage periods in May to June and September to October; in high-mountain tea areas, it has 8
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