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How to Prevent and Control Sweet Potato Stem Nematode Disease? Detailed Technical Methods
Sweet potato stem nematode disease is a devastating disease in sweet potato production. It is highly destructive and spreads quickly. It can infect and cause damage during the seedbed stage, field stage, and storage stage, but it mainly infects the tubers. Affected sweet potatoes have brown, bluish skin with cracked patterns, and the tubers are light. Some tubers show no external abnormalities, but are hollow and pithy inside. This disease not only affects the quality of sweet potatoes, but also severely affects sweet potato yield.
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Control Methods for Stem Rot in Sweet Potato Cultivation
Sweet potato stem rot, also known as sweet potato wilt, fusarium wilt, stem blight, etc. [Pathogen scientific name] Fusarium bulbigenum Cke. et Mass. Var. botatas Wollenw. [Host crops] Sweet potato and other Convolvulaceae plants. [Disease diagnosis] Diseased seedlings show swollen, bluish roots, with the vascular bundles turning brown and the upper parts turning yellow and thin. When mature plants are affected, the diseased plants are stunted, with swelling at the stem base and a bluish halo on the surface. When the diseased part is cut open, the vascular bundles can be seen to have turned brown after infection, extending upward from the stem base for 20 to 30 cm. Apart from a few green leaves at the top, all other leaves of the diseased plant turn yellow, and the lower old leaves successively wither and drop off. In the later stage, the cortex of the diseased part cracks, appearing fibrous, and pink mold-like growth appears on the surface. When storage roots are affected, the root end becomes rotten, and a cross-section of the discolored vascular bundle area in the upper part of the diseased root shows dark brown ring-shaped spots. The pathogenic fungus is Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. batatas. Macroconidia are sickle-shaped, with slightly pointed apical cells and slightly curved tips on the end cells, having 3 to 5 septa. Microconidia are single-celled, oval to elliptical. Chlamydospores are brown and spherical.</p><p>[Disease occurrence pattern] The pathogen overwinters as mycelium and chlamydospores in diseased storage roots or attached to diseased residues in the soil. The pathogen can also survive in the soil in a saprophytic state. The pathogen mostly invades through wounds and spreads along the vascular bundles. The cut end of transplanted seedlings is the most important invasion site, and wounds on roots and leaf scars can also allow invasion. The pathogen can also invade poorly growing seedlings. The disease can spread over long distances through diseased storage roots and diseased seedlings, and over short distances mainly through soil, flowing water, and farm tools. A soil temperature of 27 to 30°C and high soil moisture favor disease development. Frequent rainfall and large amounts of rain often cause severe outbreaks of the disease.</p><p>[Control measures] (1) Select disease-resistant varieties, such as Chaoshanbai, Nanjing 92, Jinshan 247, Taichengshu, Nanruishao, Jinqing No. 9, Xuzhou 18, etc. (2) Select disease-free seed storage roots and raise seedlings in disease-free soil. (3) Before planting, soak the sweet potato seedlings in 0.2% "401" antimicrobial agent for 10 minutes for disinfection. (4) Apply fully decomposed manure. Irrigate appropriately and drain field water promptly after rain. (5) In heavily infested plots, carry out crop rotation with grain crops for more than 3 years; rotation with rice for 1 year can already be effective. (6) Remove diseased plants promptly when found and burn them in a centralized manner or bury them deeply. (7) In the early stage of disease, spray promptly with 30% Luyedan wettable powder at 800 times dilution, or 50% benomyl wettable powder at 1500 times dilution, or 40% Shuangxiaoling aqueous solution at 800 times dilution, or 50% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder at 500 times dilution. </p>
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What are the control methods for sweet potato stem nematode disease?
Sweet potato stem nematode disease, commonly known as "chaff heart disease." [Pathogen nematode scientific name] Ditylenchus destrutor Thorne. [Host crops] Sweet potato, potato, lily, ginseng, mint, Angelica sinensis, etc. [Disease diagnosis] It mainly damages the tuberous roots, followed by the stems and vines. Tuberous roots affected
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Application of Micro-sprinkler Systems in Large-scale Cultivation of Lingzhi (Reishi Mushroom)
(1) Construction of the black shed. For the shade net, a black shade net with a shading rate of 85% is best. Types of net sheds, classified by construction form: flat-top type, the net shed is flat in shape, with a shed height of 2.5 m; half-slope type, the net shed is in a "" (inverted V)-shaped (inverted V) form, with 6 m wide plastic film laid under the net; full-arch type, the net shed is semicircular, with 6 m wide plastic film laid under the net, resembling a small tunnel.
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What pesticide gives good control results when stem-boring worms occur
Plant pests are a problem often encountered during the planting process. When the pest infestation is severe, it can cause serious damage to plants, and even result in total crop failure in the end. So what are stem-boring worms? When plants suffer from a stem-boring worm infestation, what pesticide is good for treatment? 1
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Does water spinach really counteract the effects of medicine? People taking medication need to know
Water spinach is a vegetable whose stems are hollow, it has very vigorous vitality, it can be seen in many places, and some regions even grow it specifically, so does water spinach counteract the effects of medicine? 1. Does water spinach counteract the effects of medicine? Whether water spinach counteracts the effects of medicine currently has no data to explain
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How much does a carnation cost per stem? 2019 prices and symbolic meaning explained
The carnation is a plant of the genus Dianthus, with a flowering period from June to August each year, a wide range of flower colors and a fresh fragrance. So how much does a carnation cost per stem in 2019? On Mother's Day everyone gives carnations to their mothers, so what symbolic meaning do carnations represent? 1.
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A Detailed Guide to Enoki Mushroom Cultivation Methods and Key Technical Points
Enoki mushroom, also known as velvet stem golden coin fungus, is a common edible mushroom in daily life with high nutritional value, often seen in hot pot restaurants and malatang shops, and the leftover root portion can regrow when placed in a cool, shaded spot. So what are the enoki mushroom cultivation methods? 1. Substrate selection
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Detailed Guide to Stemona Planting Techniques: Cultivation Methods and Management Essentials
When it comes to Stemona, everyone may not be very familiar with it, but it is a relatively valuable type of Chinese herbal medicine. Today, the editor will introduce the planting techniques for Stemona. Let's take a look together! 1. Stemona planting techniques Planting Stemona requires selecting suitable soil, so
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When do spray chrysanthemums bloom?
Spray chrysanthemum, also known as multi-stem chrysanthemum, is a perennial herbaceous flower of the genus Chrysanthemum in the Asteraceae family, and is one of the four traditional famous flowers of our country. So which month does it bloom? How should it be grown? Which month do spray chrysanthemums bloom? The flowering period of spray chrysanthemums varies by variety. For example, the flowering period of early chrysanthemums is in mid-to-late September
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