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Occurrence and Control of Panax notoginseng Leaf Rot
Symptoms This disease can harm all aboveground organs except the roots. The most typical symptom is the formation of black spindle-shaped lesions at the top of the petiole. When temperatures are high, the lesions rapidly encircle the petiole and quickly spread to the base of the leaflets, forming light black water-soaked lesions on the leaves with irregular edges. The diseased part of the petiole quickly softens, causing the upper leaflets to droop (commonly known as "twisted-down plate"). On the diseased areas, pale yellow powdery masses tinged with pink are often visible, which are the fruiting bodies of the pathogen. When attacking the middle of the leaf blade, it forms black irregular lesions with irregular edges,
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Occurrence and Control Methods of Root Rot in the Medicinal Plant Licorice
Symptoms The disease mainly affects the rhizome and roots. After infection, the stems and leaves of the aboveground part gradually turn yellow and wither, and the rhizome becomes yellow-brown to dark brown, sunken and rotten. The pathogen Fusarium sp. is a species of Fusarium, belonging to the Deuteromycotina fungi. For the morphological characteristics of the pathogen, transmission routes, disease conditions, and control methods, see Astragalus Root Rot.
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Occurrence and Control of Stem Base Rot in Schisandra
Stem base rot in Schisandra can cause the stem base of the plant to rot, the root bark to fall off, and eventually the entire plant to die. With the expansion of cultivated area, the occurrence of stem base rot in Schisandra has shown an upward trend. The general incidence rate is 2%-40%, and in severe cases it exceeds 70%, making it a devastating disease. 1. Disease symptoms Stem base rot occurs on Schisandra of all ages, with 1-3 year old plants being the most severely affected. The disease starts from the stem base or the junction of root and stem. In the early stage of the disease, the leaves wilt and droop as if lacking water, but cannot recover,
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Occurrence and Control of the Giant Phorid Fly Pest on Reishi Mushrooms
Megaselis halterata Wood, synonym common phorid fly, Wolsin phorid fly. Belongs to Diptera, Phoridae. 1. Morphology and habits: adults are active, black to dark brown, body length 2-3 mm, antennae short, with arista. The mesonotum is rather strongly raised. Larvae are maggot-shaped, pale yellow to white, with a pointed front end of the head, the body has 11 incisions, the rear end is obliquely rounded, with 2 papillae, posterior spiracle type. Pupae brown. Eggs white, oval, egg stage about 7 days. Adults have strong phototaxis
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Occurrence and Damage Characteristics of the Bridgeworm Pest on Lingzhi
The bridgeworm (Noctuidea) belongs to the family Geometridae. The lingzhi bridgeworm of this family (name to be determined) is an important pest damaging lingzhi. 1. Morphology and habits: The adult is 12 mm long with a wingspan of 25-28 mm, a small grayish-black moth. The antennae are filiform; the forewings are triangular with 8 black spots along the outer margin and one larger black spot in the middle of the costal margin; the hindwings are grayish-white. The egg is flat and round, 0.6-0.7 mm long and 0.4-0.5 mm wide, milky white initially and grayish-green before hatching. The mature larva is 22-25 mm long,
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Occurrence Patterns and Integrated Control Methods of Pests and Diseases in Goji Berry
Goji berry is a deciduous shrub of the genus Lycium in the Solanaceae family. Its fruit is called goji berry (Lycii Fructus), and its root bark is called Digupi (Lycii Cortex); both can be used as medicine. The tender stems and leaves are eaten as vegetables. It is distributed throughout China, mostly in the wild. The related species Lycium barbarum (Ningxia goji) is mostly cultivated; its fruit is called Xi goji or Gan goji and is used medicinally, mainly produced in Ningxia, Gansu and Inner Mongolia. Goji berry suffers from pests and diseases at every stage of growth, causing great economic losses to production. The occurrence and control methods of goji berry pests and diseases are introduced as follows: 1 Diseases 1.1 Black fruit disease (anthracnose) Main
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Occurrence and Control Methods of Brown Spot Disease and Powdery Mildew in Honeysuckle
Honeysuckle, also known as Erhua or Japanese honeysuckle flower, is a perennial climbing shrub. The dried flower buds of honeysuckle are a widely used antibacterial medicinal material, possessing the effects of clearing heat and detoxifying, promoting meridians and activating collaterals, and reducing inflammation and swelling. With the development and utilization of the medicinal value of honeysuckle, its cultivation has become increasingly widespread. However, the damage caused by brown spot disease and powdery mildew in honeysuckle has also shown an upward trend year by year. The occurrence and control of these 2 diseases are described as follows: Honeysuckle brown spot disease is a leaf disease caused by fungi of the genus Cercospora in the subphylum Deuteromycotina, occurring commonly and causing serious damage
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Occurrence and Control Methods of Powdery Mildew in Licorice
The pathogen is a type of imperfect fungus among the fungi, with the scientific name Erisiphepolygoni. It damages the leaves, and diseased leaves develop white powdery growth on both the upper and lower surfaces. For control, spray 0.2-0.3 degrees Baume lime sulfur mixture.
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Occurrence and Control Methods of Goji Gall Mite Disease
In mid-to-late August 2002, in the goji berry production area on the border between Julu and Longyao, goji gall mite disease broke out severely, causing great losses to goji berry growers. Damage symptoms: most obvious on the leaves, with densely packed yellow-green nearly circular raised dots on the damaged parts, and the leaves are distorted, similar to a viral disease, with plant growth severely stunted; the leaves and tender stems are inedible, and the fruits are deformed, reducing both yield and quality. Using a blade to cut open the small bumps on the leaves and taking out the adult mites from inside, under a microscope the adult mites are long conical and orange-yellow. Through
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Occurrence and Integrated Control Methods of Gummosis in Goji Berry
Brown lesions appeared on the branches and trunks after 15 d, along with a grayish-white mold layer, while no disease developed from the other inoculated fungi. This result is consistent with the findings of the Ningxia Academy of Agricultural Sciences. Based on the field symptom characteristics and isolation results, it is considered that Clonostachys is the pathogenic fungus causing gummosis, while Alternaria and Fusarium are saprophytic fungi of secondary infection. 3 Disease occurrence patterns 3.1 Overwintering of the pathogen and transmission routes In November, diseased goji branches and trunks with lesions were placed on the field surface and in soil at 20 m-30 cm underground respectively, then retrieved in April of the following year for isolation and culture.
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