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What are the responses of soybean growth and development to light?
Soybean is a short-day crop, with a daylength range of 9-18 hours. The shorter the light, the more it promotes flower bud differentiation and advances flowering and maturity. When soybean grows its first compound leaf, it begins to respond to light. Generally, seedlings can complete the light stage after 5-12 days of short-day conditions. The appearance of flower calyx primordia on the plant marks the completion of the light stage. Due to long-term adaptation to light conditions in different regions, the short-day response of soybean varies considerably. Southern soybean varieties have a stronger short-day response, while northern soybean varieties are insensitive to daylength, so special attention should be paid when introducing varieties.
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What are the temperature requirements for soybean growth and development?
Soybean is a warmth-loving crop, and the accumulated temperature required by soybean varieties in Heilongjiang Province is about 1800-2700°C. (1) The optimum temperature for seed germination is 18-20°C, at which germination is fast and seedlings emerge evenly; the minimum temperature is 6-8°C, but germination is very slow; when the temperature reaches 33-36°C, germination is fastest, but the seedlings are weak. (2) The minimum temperature required for emergence is 8-10°C. (3) For flower bud differentiation, 21-23°C is more suitable. For flowering, 22-25°C is more suitable. If the temperature is too high or too low, there will be fewer flowers. (4) The suitable
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What nutrients are essential for soybean growth and development?
Soybeans require large amounts of nutrients in many different forms. For the same yield, soybeans need 4-5 times more nitrogen than cereal crops. The main nutrients they require are the three major elements nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, followed by 9 trace elements including calcium, magnesium, sulfur, magnesium, boron, molybdenum, manganese, zinc and copper.
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What are the characteristics of each developmental stage of soybean?
(1) Germination stage: refers to the period from seed germination to seedling emergence, which takes 10-15 days for spring soybeans and 4-6 days for summer soybeans. The germination stage of soybean mainly requires appropriate temperature and suitable soil moisture. It is required to carry out seed treatment before sowing, improve the quality of land preparation, sow at the right time, ensure that the field soil is loose, and prevent excessive soil moisture and poor permeability, which can delay seedling emergence or even cause seed rot. (2) Seedling stage: refers to the stage from seedling emergence to flower bud differentiation. It requires an average daily temperature above 20°C and 19%-20% soil
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What effects does waterlogging damage have on the growth and development of tea plants?
Tea plants require moist air conditions, but they are not tolerant of excessively wet soil. When there is too much soil moisture or even standing water on the ground, the respiration of the root system is impeded, and its ability to absorb water and nutrients is reduced, seriously affecting the growth of buds and leaves and lowering the yield and quality of fresh leaves. In severe cases, the roots suffocate, anaerobic microorganisms become active, and organic acids are produced that poison the tea plant roots, causing peeling, necrosis and rot. The manifestations of tea plants suffering from waterlogging damage are: few absorbing roots, short and small lateral roots, a shallow root layer, and some lateral roots extending horizontally rather than downward, or even growing upward. Severely affected
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A Complete Analysis of the Tea Plant's Total Development Cycle, Explained in One Article
The entire life period of a tea plant, from seed germination all the way to aging and death. According to the growth and development characteristics of the tea plant, it can be divided into four biological age stages, namely: seedling stage, young stage, mature stage, and aging stage. Seedling stage: from seed germination and the emergence of seedlings above ground to the end of the first growth when a resting bud forms, this is the seedling stage. Generally, it starts from seed germination in March of that year and ends in July, totaling about 4 to 5 months. During the seedling stage, attention should be paid to keeping the soil loose and moist so that seed germination can obtain sufficient air
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What to do when cotton develops red leaf blight during the boll-setting stage
Control measures for cotton red leaf blight: 1. Apply fertilizer reasonably, and skillfully apply the cotton topping fertilizer; nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium should be applied together or foliar fertilizer should be applied. 2. Strengthen field management, cultivate frequently, improve root respiration conditions, promote root development, prune and remove side branches in time, remove old leaves and control pests and diseases. 3. Spray for protection, using 70% mancozeb or 75% chlorothalonil 600-800 times solution or 70% thiophanate-methyl 800-1000 times solution plus foliar fertilizer (potassium dihydrogen phosphate, Lvzhiyuan, etc.) for spraying, once every 5-
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New cotton variety Suza 3 successfully developed in Jiangsu
The new cotton variety "Suza 3", jointly bred by the Institute of Industrial Crops of the Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences and other institutions, has been successfully developed and recently passed national new variety approval in Jiangsu Province. It is reported that this is Jiangsu Province's first two-gene transgenic insect-resistant hybrid cotton. Tests show that it has strong resistance to common pests such as the cotton bollworm and the pink bollworm. According to experts, at present the insect-resistant cotton in the cotton region of China's Yangtze River basin generally has only a single insect-resistant gene - the "BT insect-resistant gene", while Suza 3, in addition to containing the above gene, also has the "C
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What are the causes of cotton abortive development and the remedial measures
Cotton abortive development occurs every year. So-called abortive development means that cotton has lost its normal reproductive function, that is, it only flowers but does not set bolls, or it flowers heavily but sets few bolls. The causes are first of all climatic factors, secondly the blind and indiscriminate introduction of cotton varieties, and thirdly cultivation methods that are incompatible with climate change. According to records, when the temperature exceeds 35°C, pollen development becomes deformed and normal pollination cannot occur; sustained drought then intensifies the shedding of squares and bolls. In addition, in mid-August some cotton areas experience a continuous week of rainy weather, which also makes it difficult for cotton to flower and pollinate normally.
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A Detailed Explanation of the Origin and Development History of Black Tea ⟧2⟧Black tea originated in the Ming Dynasty in the 16th century. During the tea manufacturing process, it was discovered that sun-drying could replace the fixing (kill-green) step
Black tea originated in the Ming Dynasty in the 16th century. During tea manufacturing, it was discovered that sun-drying could replace fixation (kill-green), and after rolling the leaves turned red, thus producing black tea. The earliest black tea production began with Souchong black tea in Chong'an, Fujian. In the Qing Dynasty, Liu Jing's "Pian Ke Yu Xian Ji" records: "At the ninth bend of the mountain there is Xingcun town, where tea experts gather. Tea produced elsewhere in the province such as Shaowu and Jiangxi Guangxin, with black leaves and red soup, locally called Jiangxi Wu, is all privately sold to the various firms of Xingcun." After the appearance of Xingcun Souchong black tea, Congou black tea gradually evolved. In the 1920s, India crushed tea leaves during processing to make broken black tea, and in the 1950s our country also began trial production of broken black tea.
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