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Control Methods for Major Diseases of Tea Plant Young Shoots and Stems
To effectively control tea plant pests and diseases, reduce pesticide residues in tea, and improve tea quality, the major diseases of tea plants and their control are described below. I. Damage Symptoms 1. Tea bud blight: After the tea plant is infected, the growth of buds and shoots is obviously inhibited, affecting the yield and quality of spring tea. It mainly damages the first 1 to 3 leaves of the spring tea flush, first producing pale yellow or yellow-brown lesions at the leaf tip or leaf margin, which after expansion become irregular in shape, with the boundary between diseased and healthy tissue distinct or indistinct; the bud tip is damaged and becomes dark brown and scorched, shriveled and unable to extend; later
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Symptoms and Control Methods of Oyster Mushroom Brown Blotch Disease
Mushroom brown blotch disease is also known as dry blister disease, Verticillium mold, and so on. In some areas the disease occurs rather severely, and yields suffer great losses. Damage symptoms: when mushroom buds are affected, their growth and development are poor, so that the stipes and buds cannot form and become shriveled white small mushroom masses. When fruiting bodies are affected, many pinhead-sized brown spots appear on the caps, and later the spots enlarge and become sunken, grayish-white in the center; when moist, white moldy growth, namely conidiophores and conidia, forms on the lesions. When the stipe is affected, the stipe base becomes thicker and brown, the outer tissue peels and splits, and after growing up the stipe base becomes crooked and deformed.
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Causes and Control Methods of Yellow Mushroom Disease in Oyster Mushrooms
In recent years, the cultivated area of oyster mushrooms has continued to increase, but due to poor management by growers, weak awareness of disease prevention, and other reasons, the incidence of yellow mushroom disease in oyster mushrooms has shown an upward trend year by year. In some mushroom sheds, after one flush of mushrooms, no more mushrooms appear for a long time; in others, the small mushrooms that do appear turn yellow before growing up, then shrivel and die, leading to a decline in oyster mushroom quality and making it difficult to increase yield. For this reason, the author studied the causes of the disease and integrated control techniques, and reports as follows: 1. Disease symptoms. Yellow mushroom disease mostly starts from the caps of young mushrooms or the junction between the stipe and cap of small mushrooms. After onset, pale yellow spots appear on the caps of young mushrooms or in the depressions of the caps of small mushrooms. The young mushroom bodies become sticky, stop growing, and die; small mushroom bodies grow slowly and lose elasticity, breaking apart at the slightest touch, after which the mushroom bodies become sticky and shrivel, giving off a foul rotting odor. The disease spreads rapidly, causing the cultivation substrate surface to become sticky and cease producing mushrooms.
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Control Methods and Technical Key Points for Yellow Blotch Disease of Oyster Mushrooms
Control methods: [1]The mushroom house facilities must be thoroughly disinfected; removable support materials should be taken down, brushed or soaked in bleaching powder solution and then sun-dried, with bleaching powder used at 1:150 parts water; the floor and space should be sprayed with 1:50 Jinxing disinfectant solution. [2]The compost and fermented material must be thoroughly processed, and the casing soil material should be fumigated with formaldehyde (for specific operation methods, see the control methods for mushroom Mycogone perniciosa written by our factory). [3]Ventilation must be maintained inside the mushroom house, and the relative air humidity inside the mushroom house should be appropriately reduced so that the carbon dioxide concentration in the shed drops
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Causes and Control Methods of Deformed Oyster Mushrooms
Deformed mushrooms are a relatively common physiological disorder in oyster mushroom production, severely affecting the yield and quality of oyster mushrooms, and even causing them to completely lose their commercial value. This disorder is mainly caused by improper management, and in a few cases by strain degeneration, mutation, or viral infection. The main types of deformed mushrooms are: 1. Tall-stemmed mushroom: the cap is small, differentiation is poor, and the stem is relatively long. The cause is that during the primordium formation and differentiation stage, the mushroom house is short of oxygen, light is insufficient, and the temperature is relatively high, which affects the normal differentiation and development of the cap. Control methods: strengthen ventilation, adjust light and temperature
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What to Do When Bumps Appear on Oyster Mushroom Caps? Detailed Prevention and Control Methods
This condition generally occurs in winter. The upper part of the mushroom cap, especially the edge, becomes covered with bumps of varying sizes. In severe cases, the entire cap is covered with bumps. Once bumps form, the fruiting bodies grow extremely slowly. This disease affects both the commercial quality and the yield. The main causes of bump formation are: (1) Fires are lit inside the cultivation room to raise the temperature, causing carbon dioxide to accumulate. (2) The cultivation bags are placed near air vents, and stimulation by cold drafts causes disordered cell growth inside and outside the oyster mushroom cap, resulting in bumps. Prevention and control methods: Strengthen ventilation and air exchange, and harvest all oyster mushrooms with bumps.
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Identification and Control Methods of Common Oyster Mushroom Diseases
Why do some oyster mushrooms grow small white lumps in the later stage of growth? This occurs more in black varieties and rarely in grayish-white varieties. The same cultivation method and substrate were used. Why does this happen? How should this contaminant be controlled? Every stage of oyster mushroom production can suffer from contaminant contamination, and it must be controlled promptly. The common contaminants are mainly the following: (1) Bacteria mostly occur on the slant of mother cultures, while the harm to stock cultures and cultivation cultures is relatively mild. Bacterial contamination is characterized by rapid reproduction, generally becoming visible 10 to 24 hours after inoculation.
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What are the control methods for lily pests?
The main lily pests include aphids, scarab beetles and others. In addition, there are also damage from root-knot nematodes, cutworms and others. The peach aphid is the most widespread aphid pest on plants. Control: eliminate overwintering sources of the pest, clear away nearby weeds, and carry out thorough clearing of the garden and field. During the aphid damage period, spray 40% dimethoate or omethoate at 1200 times dilution, or aphid-killing pine emulsion at 1500 times, or 2.5% fish essence at 1000-1500 times. Protect natural enemies, that is, protect the seven-spot ladybird, hoverflies and green lacewings, etc. White grubs are the larvae of scarab beetles, mainly
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Identification and Control Methods for the Lily Pest Cotton Aphid
Its harm to plants is second only to the green peach aphid, and it also has many host species, mainly chrysanthemums, lilies, and others. Morphological features: female aphids are winged or wingless, extremely small in size, initially pale yellow, later black. Legs and antennae are yellow-white. Male aphids are all wingless, 1/3 shorter than female aphids, and similar in color. Eggs are oval, yellow when first laid, turning black when hatching. Nymphs are gray-white at first, later turning yellow. When mature, those with wing buds on the thorax and back are winged mother aphids, while those without wing buds are wingless mother aphids. Damage habits: the cotton aphid can produce 20 generations a year, overwintering as eggs on plant
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What are the control methods for common lily diseases?
Several common diseases of lilies: lily mosaic virus, bulb rot, leaf spot, leaf blight, etc. Mosaic virus is also called lily latent mosaic virus. When the disease breaks out, chlorotic spots or necrotic spots of uneven depth appear on the leaves, the affected plants are stunted, the leaf margins curl, and the leaves become smaller. Sometimes spindle-shaped light brown lesions appear on the petals, the flowers are deformed, and they do not open easily. Control methods: 1. Select virus-free bulbs for propagation; 2. Strengthen the control of aphids and leafhoppers; 3. Promptly pull out and destroy diseased plants. Leaf spot disease: when this disease first appears, the leaves
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