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Identification and Control Methods of Common Rice Diseases
1. Rice blast (1) Damage characteristics: Rice blast, also known as rice fever disease, commonly called fire blast, dangling-head blast, neck-pinching blast, etc., is one of the most widespread and most damaging fungal diseases worldwide, mainly harming the aboveground parts of the host plant. Because the damage period and site differ, it can be divided into seedling blast, leaf blast, neck blast, branch blast, grain blast, etc. Its host range includes rice, wheat, crabgrass and many other grass family plants. The rice blast pathogen mainly overwinters on diseased rice straw, and in the second year spreads from the diseased straw into rice fields to infect and cause damage. Pathogen transmission mainly relies on wind
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What to Do About the Green Leafhopper on Rice? A Detailed Guide to Effective Control Methods
Scientific name: Homoptera, Delphacidae. Distributed in the wild rice stem (Zizania latifolia) and rice-growing areas of both southern and northern China. Hosts include rice, wild rice stem, and wild Zizania latifolia. Damage characteristics: adults and nymphs pierce and suck the sap of rice; affected leaves develop yellowish-white to light brown or reddish-brown spots, after which the leaves gradually turn yellow and dry up from the tip toward the base; excrement covers the leaf surface, forming a sooty mold-like coating; the female's egg-laying scars are initially water-soaked, then secrete white downy waxy powder; once wounds appear, the plant loses water, wilting in clumps and dying off in patches. Morphological characteristics: male adult body length 5-6.1 mm,
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Cold damage prevention and control methods and key technical points for rice at the panicle elongation stage
Rice pollination at the panicle elongation stage greatly needs temperature and oxygen. During this period, cold winds blowing from the northeast are very likely to occur, causing poor pollination, empty and shriveled grains, and reduced yield. Prevention and control techniques for cold damage. First, accelerate rice pollination. From late July to early and mid-August, due to meteorological causes of atmospheric circulation, the temperature generally drops to around 17, causing rice flowers to remain closed and not open, affecting rice pollination and producing empty and shriveled grains. For this kind of obstructive cold damage, scientific management of the paddy field should be strengthened so that rice accelerates through the pollination period and avoids
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Detailed Explanation of Common Rice Diseases and Their Control Methods
Throughout the entire growth period of rice, common diseases include rice blast, bacterial leaf streak, bacterial leaf blight, sheath blight, rice false smut, and others. (1) Rice blast: It can occur from the seedling stage to the heading stage. According to the symptoms shown at different growth stages and on different parts of the plant, it can be divided into 5 types: seedling blast, leaf blast, node blast, panicle blast, and grain blast. 1. Main symptoms (1) Seedling blast: The diseased seedling turns grayish-black at the stem base near the soil surface, and the upper part turns light reddish-brown, causing the entire seedling to curl and die. (2) Leaf blast: On
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What are the control methods for rice bacterial leaf streak?
Rice bacterial leaf streak, or rice fine stripe disease for short, is an important disease in rice production in China. Its pathogen belongs to the genus Xanthomonas, and the bacteria mostly enter through the leaf stomata; symptoms can appear at any growth stage of rice. The lesions are short, fine, narrow stripes, with the striping appearing between the leaf veins. When held against the light, the lesions appear semi-transparent and water-soaked, turning red later; the bacterial masses on the stripes are very numerous, especially on the underside of the leaf, and are not easily dislodged when dry. Because hybrid rice still lacks disease-resistant combinations, and because the disease occurs over a wide area with an uneven distribution, this creates great difficulties for seed quarantine;
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What are the control methods for the rice water-dropwort grasshopper?
Scientific name Gesonula punctifrons (Stal), belonging to Orthoptera, Acridoidea. It is distributed in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Taiwan, China, Sichuan, Yunnan and other provinces and regions. Its hosts include rice, taro, lotus root, wild narcissus, sugarcane, corn and other plants. Damage characteristics: adults and nymphs chew leaves into notches or eat the leaf mesophyll leaving the epidermis; damaged leaves show small purple transverse spots, affecting photosynthesis and hindering plant growth. Morphological characteristics: female adult body length 19-22 mm, male adult
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Symptoms and Control Methods of Swine Kidney Worm Disease
1. Pathogen This disease is caused by the parasite Stephanurus dentatus, which lives in the kidneys of pigs or in the fat around the kidneys and the walls of the ureters. The swine kidney worm is a thick, hard nematode shaped like a matchstick, dark red in color, with a well-developed buccal capsule. The male is 20-30 mm long, and the female is 30-45 mm long. The eggs are passed out of the body with the urine, and under suitable environmental conditions they develop into infective larvae in 3-5 days. These invade the pig through the mouth or skin, migrate with the bloodstream to the liver, and then further migrate to the kidneys and surrounding tissues, gradually developing to maturity. From the time the larvae invade the pig's body until they develop to
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A Comprehensive Guide to Scientific Control Methods for Soybean Aphids
Soybean aphids are commonly known as "ni chong" (greasy bugs) or "mi chong" (honey bugs). They mostly gather on the growing points, top leaves and backs of young tender leaves of soybean plants, piercing and sucking sap to cause damage. This results in leaf curling, plant stunting and reduced yield, and they can also transmit viral diseases, causing yield loss and quality decline. This pest begins to appear in soybean fields in mid-to-late June, and causes severe damage during hot, dry weather. Soybean aphids have a very strong reproductive capacity; a single female can produce 50-60 offspring, and under suitable conditions, young aphids can give birth after about 4-5 days, and can reproduce 15
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What are the control methods for soybean nutrient deficiency?
Soybean micronutrient deficiency shows as follows: in spring soybeans, nitrogen deficiency causes the true leaves to turn yellow, and yellowing can spread from bottom to top; on the compound leaves there are parallel continuous or discontinuous iron-colored patches along the veins, and chlorosis spreads from the leaf tip toward the base until the whole leaf is pale yellow and the veins also lose green; the leaves are small and thin and fall off easily, the stems are slender, and the lower leaves of the plant are dark green, thick, uneven, and long; when sulfur deficiency is severe, the veins are yellowish-brown, and later the whole leaf turns yellow. Potassium deficiency causes leaf yellowing, with symptoms developing from the lower leaves to the upper leaves; chlorotic spots first appear at the leaf margins, then
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Control Methods and Technical Key Points for Angelica Root Rot
Angelica root rot, also known as root decay disease, is one of the main diseases during the growth and development period of angelica (Angelica sinensis), greatly affecting its yield and quality. 1. Damage symptoms: It harms roots and stems. The root tissue of affected plants initially turns brown, then rots into a water-soaked state, leaving only a fibrous hollow shell. The stem becomes brown and water-soaked, aboveground growth stops, and the plant becomes stunted. Elliptical brown patches appear on the leaves; in severe cases, the leaves wither, turn yellow, droop, and even the entire plant dies. 2. Pathogen: (Fusarium avenaceum (
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