-
What are the control methods for the white-backed planthopper on rice?
Scientific name Sogatella furcifera (Horvath), belonging to the order Homoptera, family Delphacidae. Distributed in the water bamboo and rice-growing areas of China. Hosts include rice, water bamboo, corn, barley, wheat, sugarcane, sorghum, barnyardgrass, bluegrass, and others. Damage characteristics are the same as those of the brown planthopper. Morphological features: macropterous male body length 3.2-3.8 mm, light yellow, with dark brown spots. Vertex projecting forward; on the outer side of the lateral carinae of the pronotum and mesonotum, behind the compound eyes, there is 1 crescent-shaped dark brown spot; the lateral area of the mesonotum is dark brown
-
Causes of Secondary Growth in Potatoes and Control Methods
Nilka County has a narrow and long terrain with a cool climate, suitable for the growth of cold-loving crops. Potatoes have always been the dominant main crop in the area. Through years of in-depth investigation and research, technicians have identified the causes of secondary growth in potatoes and the corresponding solutions. I. Secondary growth in potatoes In early August 2003, in Village 5 of Nilka Town, 1.3 hectares of potatoes sown in late April had tubers that had swollen to the size of eggs, the buds on the new tubers sprouted, and small tubers the size of a thumb grew out, while the new tubers grew and aged, no longer continuing to expand.
-
Control Methods for Major Underground Pests of Potatoes
I. Major Pests 1. Mole cricket, also called lala cricket or earth dog. Both the adults (with fully developed wings) and nymphs (with incompletely developed wings) of the mole cricket cause damage to potatoes. It uses its mouthparts and large front claws (forelegs) to tear the underground stems or roots of potatoes into a tangled mass, causing the above-ground parts to wilt or die. It sometimes also bites the seed pieces, preventing the buds from growing and causing gaps in the stand. It tunnels through the soil, separating young roots from the soil and exposing them to air, causing water loss that affects seedling growth and can even kill the plants. In autumn, it bites the tubers, creating holes in them or making them
-
Symptoms and Control Methods of Potato Black Heart
[Disease Diagnosis] Mainly the tuber storage organ is affected. In the central part of the tuber, irregular patterns of black to blue-black form, developing from a spot to a patch into black heart. As it develops severely, the entire tuber can become discolored. The affected black heart area has a clearly defined edge. In the later stage, the black heart tissue gradually hardens. At room temperature, the black heart area can soften and turn ink-black. Different tubers vary greatly in their reaction to black heart. [Cause] This is a physiological disease caused by insufficient oxygen supply to the internal tissues of the tuber, leading to respiratory suffocation.
-
Symptoms and control methods of potato ring rot
This disease is a bacterial vascular disease, characterized by stunted and wilted aboveground stems and leaves, and ring-shaped rot of underground tubers along the vascular ring. Early and severe infection leads to dead seedlings; most diseased plants grow slowly, are stunted and thin with few branches and small leaves, and the leaves are wrinkled and do not expand; when infection occurs late and is mild, plant height, leaves, and branching grow normally, but the top leaves become smaller, and later one or two branches or the whole plant wilt. Symptoms are most obvious after flowering, with the lower leaves first wilting, drooping, and dying; the upper leaves roll inward from the edges, appear dehydrated, turn grayish green, and then
-
What are the control methods for potato ring rot?
Ring rot is caused by the bacterium Corynebacterium sepedonicum (potato ring rot corynebacterium). It can occur on stems and leaves as well as on tubers, and can continue to cause damage during storage, causing tuber rot in severe cases. In recent years, with the promotion and application of virus-free seed potatoes, the occurrence of ring rot has decreased significantly. 1. Symptoms Ring rot is also a vascular bundle disease. Aboveground symptoms generally appear after the flowering stage. Initial symptoms appear on the lower leaves of the plant, showing chlorosis between the veins, appearing mottled
-
Occurrence Patterns and Control Methods of the Potato Tuber Moth
The potato tuber moth, also known as the potato borer and the tobacco leafminer, is commonly called the "string-skin worm," "embroidery worm," and "potato maggot" by farmers. 1. Damage symptoms: The larvae cause damage mainly by boring and feeding, usually entering through the buds and broken skin of the tubers. Larvae hatched on the plant spin silk and spread with the wind, boring from the leaf surface into the leaf interior to feed and cause damage. After the damaged leaves wither and die, the larvae move to other leaves to cause damage. 2. Occurrence patterns: The potato tuber moth produces several generations a year, overwintering in various stages on mother tubers in the field and on the residual plants and fallen leaves of various hosts. Adult
-
Occurrence and Control Methods of Potato Tuber Rot Nematode
Fengning and Weichang counties in the north of Chengde City plant more than 40,000 hectares of potatoes annually, producing more than 800 million kg of seed potatoes and commercial potatoes per year, with about 120 million kg stored in winter, making it one of the four major potato production bases in the country. In recent years, the damage caused by the potato tuber rot nematode has led to great losses in stored potatoes. In 1994, it caused 5%-7% loss of stored potatoes, and in severely affected potato cellars, losses reached as high as 20%-30%. According to the currently retrieved data, this nematode is widely distributed in potato-growing areas of Asia, Europe, the Americas and Africa
-
Symptoms and Control Methods of Potato Rhizoctonia solani Disease
〔Pathogen scientific name〕Rhizoctonia solani Kühn 〔Host crops〕Solanaceae, Fabaceae, Poaceae and many other crops; hosts are widespread. 〔Disease diagnosis〕It mainly damages young sprouts, stem bases and tubers. When young sprouts are infected, those that have not emerged rot, forming sprout rot and causing missing plants; after emergence, infection begins with yellowing of the lower leaves and brown sunken lesions on the stem base, 1-6 cm in size. The lesions and their surroundings are often covered with a purple mycelial layer; sometimes on the stem base and tubers there are sclerotia of varying sizes (1-5
-
Control Methods and Technical Key Points for the Jujube Inchworm
Also known as the jujube looper or "arched-back worm," it is the "number one enemy" harming jujube trees. Its larvae damage young buds, young leaves, and flower buds, and spin silk that tangles and hinders leaf expansion; in severe cases they can strip all the leaves, while also causing heavy damage to crops such as apple, pear, peach, potato, and chili pepper. The jujube inchworm begins to emerge from the soil in mid-March, and when the jujube buds begin to swell, the larvae start hatching and damaging the jujube buds. Its main biological characteristics are: 1. One generation per year, overwintering as pupae concentrated in the surface soil around the root collar of jujube trees;
条件筛选