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Symptoms and control methods of soybean anthracnose
Symptoms: The disease can occur from the seedling stage to the mature stage. It mainly damages stems and pods, and also damages leaves or petioles. When stems are infected, brown lesions first appear, densely covered with irregularly arranged black dots. When pods are infected, the small black dots are arranged in concentric rings, and the diseased pods cannot develop normally. When cotyledons are infected at the seedling stage, dark brown lesions appear with slightly lighter edges, and after the lesions expand, cracking or sunken areas often appear; the lesions can spread from the cotyledons to the young stems, causing death of the plant parts above the diseased area. When leaves are infected, the edges are dark brown and the interior is light brown. When petioles are infected, the lesions are brown and irregular. Control methods
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What are the prevention and control methods for feather-pecking vice in layer roosters?
Layer roosters are generally raised for about 3 months before being sent to market, mostly kept on the floor, and feather-pecking and flesh-pecking are serious problems that often cause certain economic losses. The following methods can be used for prevention and control. 1. Beak trimming is carried out at around 9 days of age; two days before beak trimming, start adding vitamin K3, electrolytic multivitamins and antibiotics. 2. Adjust the feed formula: reduce the amount of plant-based protein feed, increase the proportion of animal-based protein feed such as fish meal and meat-and-bone meal, appropriately increase the proportion of high-fiber feed such as wheat bran, and add vitamins and mineral
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Pollution-Free Fish Disease Prevention and Control Methods and Technical Key Points
Animal-Plant Symbiosis: Aquatic plants and fish coexist in the same pond, and the fish rarely get sick. The aquatic plants planted in the fish pond are rice or lotus root, oriented east-west, with a wide row spacing (greater than 33 cm), occupying no more than 50% of the total water area, so that the lighting effect is good. The water depth depends on the water tolerance of the aquatic plants; rice is generally within 30 cm, while lotus root can generally reach over 50 cm. The farmed fish can be conventional or famous, special, and excellent new varieties. The farming method can be fry rearing or grow-out fish farming. Because residual bait, fish feces, and other matter deposit at the bottom of the pond, ferment, and rot, not
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Symptoms and control methods of diplostomiasis in fish
Main pathogens: Diplostomum spp., cercariae, metacercariae. Affected species: silver carp, bighead carp, etc. Optimal control period: May to August. Identification features: diseased fish have a blackened body and are thin and weak; in the early stage of acute infection, diseased fish struggle by leaping at the water surface, or swim rapidly in the water, and when their strength is exhausted they swim slowly with the head down and tail up, losing balance, and the body may bend or there may be severe congestion around the head and eye sockets; in chronic infection, the cornea of the fish eye becomes cloudy and milky white, and in severe cases the lens falls out, resulting in blindness. Control
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Scientific control methods for the first-generation Asiatic rice borer (Chilo suppressalis) in rice
According to surveys conducted across Hubei Province, the overwintering mortality rate of the Asiatic rice borer this year was higher than last year, and the post-winter population base was lower than last year but still relatively high. In addition, suitable climate conditions and the expansion of high-quality rice varieties are both favorable to the occurrence and damage of rice stem borers, and the first-generation Asiatic rice borer will show a major outbreak trend in the rice-growing areas of our province, making the control situation still severe. In response to this severe situation, all localities should strengthen leadership, raise awareness, actively organize control efforts, and quickly launch a campaign to wrest grain from the pests to ensure the safety of grain production. 1. Recognize the situation clearly and strengthen organizational leadership. Last winter, our province suffered freezing ice and
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What are the control methods for zinc deficiency stunt seedling in rice?
Phosphorus deficiency stunt seedling generally occurs at the tillering stage after seedling recovery, manifesting as slow growth, short plants, slender and upright leaves, dark green leaf color, neat leaf cluster tips, significantly shortened leaf sheath distance, red tips on some tiller leaves, and brownish-red or even dead old leaves. Causes: first, the soil lacks available phosphorus; second, low soil temperature and water temperature, or the presence of reducing harmful substances such as hydrogen sulfide and ferrous iron in the soil, which reduces the root's absorption capacity; third, excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer, causing the effective nutrients to lose their relative balance. Control measures are based on the available phosphorus data measured by the "soil testing and fertilizer recommendation method"
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What are the control methods for rice brown spot?
Symptoms Also known as rice sesame leaf blight. It occurs in all rice-growing regions nationwide. Disease can occur from the seedling stage to the harvest stage, and all aboveground parts of the rice plant can be affected, with leaves being the most common. When seeds are affected at the germination stage, the coleoptile turns brown, the sprout fails to emerge, and the cotyledon dies. Leaf and leaf sheath disease at the seedling stage mostly appears as elliptical lesions, the size of sesame seeds, dark brown; sometimes the lesions enlarge and merge into strips, and when there are many lesions the seedlings die. On leaves of adult plants, infection begins as small brown spots, gradually enlarging into elliptical spots the size of sesame seeds, with the center of the lesion brown to grayish white, the margin brown, and around it yellow halos of varying
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What are the control methods for the rice green leafhopper?
Scientific name Inazuma dorsalis (Motschulsky), synonym Recilia dorsalis (Motschulsky), belonging to Homoptera, family Cicadellidae. Distributed in the rice-growing regions south of the Yellow River. Hosts include rice, corn, sorghum, millet, sugarcane, wheat, barley, etc. Occasionally damages sesame, citrus, etc. Damage characteristics: adults and nymphs pierce and suck sap on rice leaves and leaf sheaths, inhibiting the growth and development of damaged plants, causing leaves to turn yellow or the whole plant to wither.
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What are the control methods for rice kernel smut?
Symptoms Also known as smut, rice dark smut, black kernel smut, etc. It is distributed in the Yangtze River Basin and areas to the south in China, mainly occurring from the flowering stage to the milk-ripe stage of rice, and only infecting the grains. Each panicle may have 1, several, or even dozens of infected grains, with symptoms generally appearing when the rice is near maturity. Infected rice grains turn a dirty green or dirty yellow color, containing black powdery material inside. At maturity, the abdomen splits open, exposing the black powder. Between the inner and outer glumes of the diseased grain there is a black tongue-shaped protrusion, and a black liquid often oozes out, contaminating the surface of the grain. When the diseased grain is opened, the seed can be seen to be partially or entirely transformed into black powdery material.
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What are the control methods for the rice leaf roller?
Rice leaf rolling is caused by the rice skipper and the rice leaf roller. For controlling the rice leaf roller, 34% profenofos-fluorine emulsifiable concentrate is a new-generation insecticide. This product is a new compound ultra-long-acting insecticide with a broad insecticidal spectrum and stable efficacy. Field trials show that spraying 50 ml per mu diluted in 40 kg of water, with a treatment interval of 23 days, achieves a control effect of over 95%, requires 2 fewer applications than conventional pesticides, reduces pesticide cost by more than 50%, and can save 2/3 of labor, truly delivering labor savings, cost reductions, and improved quality and efficiency.
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