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Detailed Explanation of Key Technical Points for Controlling Two Diseases and Three Pests of Rice
The two diseases and three pests of rice refer to rice blast, sheath blight, rice stem borers, rice planthoppers, and the rice red-spotted black spittlebug. They cause great harm to rice and should be given attention for control. Rice blast: Long-term deep water irrigation or excessive drought, and one-sided application of nitrogen fertilizer lead to severe rice blast. There are three susceptible periods in the life of rice, namely the seedling stage, the peak tillering stage, and the heading and full heading stage. Neck blast has the greatest impact on rice yield and should be prevented early at the breaking stage and full heading stage. Rice blast is divided into: seedling blast, leaf blast, node blast, neck blast, and grain blast. Rice blast
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Detailed Explanation of the Three Fertilizations for Rice and Their Application Techniques
Scientific fertilization is one of the important measures for achieving high quality and high yield in rice. However, rice fertilization is a highly technical task, and in practice it must be flexibly managed according to variety characteristics, soil fertility, climatic factors, and cultivation conditions. As is well known, the fertilizer requirements of rice are expressed in the nutritional period, the critical nutritional period, and the period of maximum nutritional efficiency. For example, early rice has a short growth period and relatively low fertilizer demand, so fertilization should be early and concentrated. Middle rice and late rice have longer growth periods, high fertilizer demand, and strong absorption intensity, so the number of topdressings should be increased and the proportion of topdressing raised.
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Forecast for the occurrence trend of the first generation of the striped stem borer in rice is released
1. Occurrence level: The first generation of the striped stem borer, the main rice pest in our city, is expected to occur at a moderate-to-severe level, with the affected area in the city reaching more than 250,000 mu, of which more than 50,000 mu are early-planted idle fields. 2. Occurrence period: Moths seen under light on April 11, the beginning of the peak moth emergence period 5/9-12, the peak moth emergence period 5/20-24; the peak egg hatching period 5/27-5/30, the peak period of first and second instar larvae 6/4-6/10, the occurrence period is 3 days later than the average of the past three years. 3. Forecast basis 1. Development progress: This year 4/2
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What causes rice seedlings to sit and bunch up?
After the transplanted rice was thrown and planted in the main spring season this year, many farmers came to me and said: "Their seedlings have been thrown and planted for more than ten days, why are they growing shorter and smaller the more they grow?" Our agricultural technology station investigated the seedling growth situation across the whole township, and finally found the causes of the seedlings growing shorter and smaller the more they grow, mainly: 1. Herbicides were used in a mixed and messy way, for example: after using the "Yelao" herbicide, the water flooded too deep, no new heart leaves grew, and some applied "Qiangxin" weeding fertilizer, etc., which inhibited rice growth and caused the seedlings to grow shorter and smaller the more they grow. 2. In muddy fields, rice lacks zinc,
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Methods and Technical Key Points for Controlling the White-Backed Planthopper in Rice
Damage symptoms: Adults and nymphs gather in colonies at the base of rice plants and pierce and suck the sap, causing the leaf tips of rice leaves to lose green and turn yellow, and in severe cases the whole plant withers and dies. Damage during the heading stage can also cause difficulty in heading, blighted panicles, or browning of the panicles, along with many empty grains and other damage symptoms. Morphological characteristics: Adults have two forms, the long-winged type and the short-winged type. The long-winged adult is 4-5 mm long, grayish yellow, with a rather narrow vertex projecting in front of the compound eyes; the face has 3 raised longitudinal ridges, with the ridges light in color and the grooves dark, black and white sharply distinct; in the center of the scutellum on the thoracic dorsum grows a pentagonal white or bluish-white spot; in females the
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Detailed Explanation of Key Techniques for High-Yield Semi-Dry Rice Cultivation
① Land preparation and ridging: For winter-flooded fields, plow promptly after rice harvest, level the field surface, build high field bunds, and store water for the winter. After spring begins, generally no further plowing or harrowing is needed, but for fields with compacted soil and abundant weeds, plow and harrow once half a month before transplanting. Ridging is done in two stages. The first stage is carried out 5-7 days before transplanting, using ropes stretched to specification to open furrows and form rough ridges (for deep-footed and muddy fields, this can be moved earlier to 7-10 days before transplanting); it should not be done too early, to avoid prolonged exposure of the ridge surface, which tends to breed weeds. The second stage is carried out 2-3 days before transplanting, further raising the ridge (bed) surface according to quality requirements, clearing the furrows, and shaping them. For winter-cropped fields, after the small spring harvest, dry-plow and sun the clods for several days, then 3-4 days before transplanting let water into the field to soak it, prepare the field surface, and after the soil has settled, ridge and form beds in one operation.
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What are the advantages of semi-dry rice cultivation?
Semi-dry cultivation refers to a new rice-growing method in paddy fields where, according to a certain specification, trenches are dug and ridges are raised to form beds, rice is transplanted on the water line on both sides of the ridge top or on the bed surface, water is irrigated in the trenches, and the water level is adjusted according to the different growth stages of rice, implementing infiltrated irrigation. It is a new rice cultivation technique developed through experimental research based on the ecological characteristics of farmland, applying the principle of natural no-tillage and the theory of soil biothermodynamics. It is suitable for winter paddy fields, especially for application in deep-footed fields, cold-waterlogged fields, muddy fields and heavily fertilized fields. Therefore, in recent years, the area has expanded rapidly. 198
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What rescue measures are there after rice is flooded
Rice fields flooded for 1-4 days below 25°C suffer little damage; flooding for 1-4 days above 30°C can cause abnormal grain filling in rice; flooding for 1-4 days above 40°C can cause rice to wither and die with total crop loss. When rice is flooded at the seedling stage, the seedlings become thin and elongated with yellowing leaves, and generally are difficult to recover; at the tillering stage, the lower leaves necrose and the heart leaves curl, and after the water recedes the leaves wither, but generally do not rot; at the jointing stage, the plants become thin and weak and are prone to lodging and breaking; at the booting stage, resistance is weakest, and rotten ears and deformities easily occur, reducing the seed-setting rate; at the grain-filling stage, the lower leaves wither and yellow, the top leaves yellow, and the ears
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Detailed Explanation of Key Technical Points for Late-Stage Management of Rice in the Main Field
I. Water-Saving Irrigation Techniques During the rice growth period, water-saving techniques should be adopted for irrigation, with irrigation and drainage carried out according to the water requirements and characteristics of rice at each growth stage. These are mainly divided into deep-water greening, shallow-water tillering, deep-water booting and heading, and shallow-water ripening. During the greening stage, because the roots of the seedlings are damaged during transplanting and absorb little water while leaf transpiration is high, deep-water greening must be applied after transplanting to prevent physiological water loss, with a water depth of about 2-3 cm being appropriate. If the irrigation water is too deep, nutrient decomposition is slow, which is unfavorable for tillering; the booting and heading stage is the period of the greatest water demand in the entire life of rice
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Detailed Explanation of Key Points of Standardized Fertilization Technology for Rice
I. Fertilization Principles 1. Implement balanced fertilization According to the nutrient requirements of each crop, the soil nutrient supply status and the fertilizer effect, determine the corresponding fertilization amount and fertilization method. Based on the principle of combining organic fertilizer with inorganic fertilizer, and combining base fertilizer with topdressing, achieve balanced fertilization. 2. Implement harmless treatment of organic fertilizer Organic fertilizer produced and used by farmers themselves must undergo decomposition and fermentation, harmless treatment, and kill pathogenic microorganisms, insect eggs and weed seeds. It is prohibited to use industrial waste, urban garbage and sludge, as well as farmyard manure that does not meet
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