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Detailed Explanation of Key Techniques for Spring Planting of Loquat
(1) Land preparation: When building a loquat orchard on flat land, planting trenches should be dug, generally 0.80--1.0 m wide and about 0.80 m deep. The distance between planting trenches is generally about 3 m, and the length of the planting trenches depends on the size of the orchard site or the length of the slope. When digging the trenches, keep the topsoil and subsoil separate, placing the topsoil on the upper side. When backfilling, first backfill the topsoil, and use 3--4 layers to bury and press in straw, rice straw, farmyard manure, phosphate fertilizer, etc. Generally, base fertilizer is applied 1--2 months before planting.</p><p>Loquat has wide adaptability to soil. Generally, sandy or gravelly loam can be used for cultivation, but soil with deep soil layers, loose texture, high humus content, strong water and fertilizer retention, and which is not prone to waterlogging is best. If the soil is too clayey, some sandy soil can be mixed in. If the soil is relatively acidic, lime should be appropriately increased in combination with fertilization to improve the soil. Sloping land must be terraced into contour bench terraces. Mountain soil is relatively barren, so large holes and heavy fertilizer must be used for cultivation. Each planting hole should be 1 m long and 1 m wide, and 0.8--1.0 m deep. At the same time, each hole should be backfilled in 3--4 layers with more than 50 kg of barnyard manure, green manure, etc., 0.8--1 kg of phosphate fertilizer, and 1 kg of quicklime. The fertilizer must be fully mixed with the soil. Farmyard manure should be placed in the bottom layer to facilitate root absorption. Phosphate fertilizer and lime should be placed in separate layers and must not be mixed. Wait until the fertilizer has decomposed and the soil has settled after loosening before planting. (2) Select excellent strong seedlings: Variety selection should follow the principle of "matching species to site", and at the same time require grafted varieties with relatively large fruit, generally around 50 g, thick flesh, sweet taste, high yield, and strong disease resistance. (3) Planting time: Plant before the spring shoots sprout in spring, generally around March in spring. If too late, it affects the emergence of spring shoots. When the soil is too wet or the wind speed is too high, it is not suitable for planting. (4) Planting density: Close planting is generally determined according to the cultivated variety, soil fertility, terrain, etc. Usually, barren sloping land is planted more densely than fertile, deep flat land, and weak trees are planted more densely than vigorous trees. The plant-row spacing is generally 2 x 3 m, with 111 plants per 667 sq m. It can also be 2 x 3.5 m or 2.5 x 3.5 m. (5) Rational arrangement of pollinizer trees and appropriate variety combination: Loquat is mostly self-pollinated, but some varieties show self-incompatibility. Therefore, in the same orchard, 2--3 varieties should be cultivated, but the varieties are required to have similar full-bloom periods to facilitate pollination. Generally, for every 2 rows of the main cultivated variety, plant 1 row of pollinizer variety, with a ratio of 2:1. Bee release during the flowering period can also be combined to increase the pollination rate. Loquat orchards should combine early-, mid-, and late-maturing varieties, so that different maturity periods can meet market supply and demand. Generally, early-, mid-, and late-maturing varieties are combined at 1--3:5--6:2--4. (6) Rational planting: Transplanting seedlings with soil generally gives a high survival rate. If transplanted without soil, the roots should be dipped in mud slurry. When planting, place the seedling at the center of the planting point and distribute the root system evenly in the hole, then fill in soil layer by layer so that the root system fully contacts the soil. While filling, firm the soil, water with root-setting water, cover with soil again to near the graft union, water again with root-setting water so that the soil and loquat root system fully contact, then fill with soil again. Generally, the backfilled soil is about 10--20 cm higher than the ground surface. Around each loquat seedling, make an earth ring about 5 cm high to facilitate watering, fertilizing, or intercepting precipitation. (7) Trunk determination: The trunk height is determined at 30--40 cm above the graft union. The branches above it should retain a length of about 20 cm. Select and retain 3 plump buds above the trunk height and train them as main branches, with each main branch facing 120 degrees apart. </p>
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Intercropping Cultivation Technology for Watermelon and Chinese Yam in Large Arch Sheds
In early spring, using a large arch shed for intercropping watermelon with Chinese yam can bring the harvest and market time of both watermelon and Chinese yam more than 45 days earlier than open-field cultivation, thereby achieving relatively high economic benefits. 1. Arch shed structure. The shed is 7 m wide, the arch height at the center of the shed is 2.5 m, and the shed length depends on the plot.
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Spring pruning methods for goji berry: prune properly for more fruit
1. Thinning branches. First, cut off dead branches, diseased and pest-infested branches, damaged branches, thorny branches and crossing branches, and then thin out overly dense fruiting branches. When thinning fruiting branches, first remove shaded branches, downward-facing branches and thin weak branches; then remove upward-facing branches and middle branches; if still dense, then thin the branches on both sides, cut
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Detailed Explanation of Spring Seed Propagation Methods for Honeysuckle
Pick the black fruits in January. After picking, pile them at a thickness of 30 cm and let them after-ripen for 5-7 days, then put them in clean water and rub and wash them to remove the peel and pulp, and dry them in a shady place. Avoid direct sun exposure, then winnow away the shriveled seeds and store them for later use. Seed treatment: before sowing, soak the seeds in warm water at 35-4
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Detailed Explanation of Key Points for Spring Planting and Management of Yue Jiao Chili Pepper
Yue Jiao chili pepper can be sown in spring and autumn in South China. Spring sowing can be carried out from December to January of the following year. Before sowing, disinfect the seedbed soil with carbendazim; after sowing, control the seedbed soil moisture, keeping the soil half-dry and half-moist. When the weather is clear and sunny, remove the film in time for ventilation. Transplanting can be done in March. Plant spacing
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Detailed Explanation of Key Points for Spring Sowing Cultivation Techniques of Isatis Root
Currently, the Chinese medicinal herb Isatis root is well regarded in the market. The spring sowing season for Isatis root is approaching, so how is Isatis root cultivated in spring? 1. Land selection and preparation. Isatis root is a deep-rooted plant, with a main root that can reach 40-50 cm in length, so fertile sandy soil with deep soil layers and good drainage should be selected for planting. Before sowing, plow the land deeply 20-30 cm; sandy land can be plowed slightly shallower. Apply sufficient base fertilizer, mainly farmyard manure, then break up the clods and rake level to make beds. In the south, high beds are mainly used to facilitate drainage. Generally, the bed width is 1.5-2 m and the height is about 20 cm. 2. Sowing. Isatis root should be sown in March to April. When sowing, first draw shallow furrows about 2 cm deep on the bed surface at a row spacing of 20-25 cm, then evenly scatter the seeds into the furrows, cover with about 1 cm of soil, press lightly, and water appropriately in dry conditions. When the temperature is suitable, seedlings can emerge 7-10 days after sowing. The seeding rate per mu is 1.5-2 kg. 3. Field management. When the seedlings are 7-10 cm tall, thin them in time in combination with cultivating and weeding, and finally set the plants at a spacing of 6-8 cm. After setting the plants, according to the plant growth condition, appropriately apply one additional application of human excrement and urine or chemical fertilizer. In plain areas with abundant water or in rainy seasons, deep ditches should be added around the field to facilitate timely drainage and avoid root rot. If hot and dry weather occurs during the dog days, water in the early morning and evening, and be sure not to water under direct sunlight. 4. Harvesting and processing. For spring-sown Isatis root, the leaves can be harvested 2-3 times. The first time is in mid-June, when the seedlings are 20 cm tall, leaving stubble of 2-3 cm to encourage new leaf growth; the second time is in late August. It is not suitable to harvest during the hot dog days to avoid causing death of large patches. The harvested leaves are sun-dried and become the medicinal Daqingye. Those with large leaves, few broken pieces, cleanliness, dark green color, and no musty smell are best. Isatis root should be dug before the onset of winter on a sunny day. When digging, be sure to dig deep to prevent breaking the roots. After lifting from the soil, remove all soil, stems, and leaves, spread out to dry until 70-80 percent dry, tie into small bundles, then sun-dry further and they can be taken to the market to sell.
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Key Technical Points for Early Spring Management of Greenhouse Chives
1. Temperature management. Chives prefer cool conditions, with an optimum growing temperature of 15-24°C, and ventilation should be provided appropriately during the day. To promote sprouting, after the shed is covered the daytime room temperature should be kept at 18-25°C; after sprouting, the daytime room temperature should be controlled at 17-23°C. Before the first cutting of chives is harvested, the daytime temperature should be 15-2
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What are the spring management measures for lychee? Detailed explanation of planting key points
The generally dry climate in China promotes nutrient accumulation and flower bud differentiation in lychee and longan. It is currently spring, and lychee management at this time of year is a key link affecting the quality of growth and development for the year. Based on the current growth and development of lychee and longan,
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Prevention and Control Methods for Pepper Flower and Fruit Drop in Spring
Because spring temperatures vary greatly and remain unstable, peppers at the flowering and fruit-setting stage are easily affected by environmental conditions, leading to flower and fruit drop. There are many causes of pepper flower and fruit drop, including physiological ones and pathological ones. Peppers prefer air
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Key Technical Points for Spring Planting and Care of Onions
Scientific fertilization: After the spring greening, the first fertilization should be carried out to supplement nutrients for the growth of the onion root system and at the same time lay the foundation for the vigorous growth of the aboveground part later. Fertilization should be based mainly on fully decomposed organic fertilizer, applying 1000 kg per mu, with 20 kg
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