Detailed Explanation of Disinfection Methods for Pig Farms: Physical, Chemical and Biological Disinfection and Precautions
Disinfection of pig farmsis a very important part of pig farming work, so how do you disinfect a pig farm? There are three relatively common disinfection methods, namely physical disinfection, chemical disinfection and biological disinfection.
1. Chemical disinfection method
Disinfection using chemical agents such as acids, alkalis and formalin is called chemical disinfection. Lime milk is the most economical and readily available common disinfectant. To enhance the disinfection effect, before carrying out the above disinfection, the objects to be disinfected should first be scrubbed and cleaned; after cleaning, the number of infection sources on the objects to be disinfected is reduced, so that the disinfectant can work better.
Using chemical drugs (disinfectants) to kill pathogens is one of the most commonly used methods in disinfection. An ideal disinfectant must have characteristics such as a broad antibacterial spectrum, strong killing power against pathogens, stable properties, a long duration of disinfection effect, low toxicity to humans and livestock, slight damage to the objects being disinfected, low price and easy availability, convenient transportation, storage and use, and low environmental pollution. When using chemical disinfectants, consideration should be given to the resistance of pathogens to different disinfectants, the bactericidal spectrum of the disinfectant, the effective use concentration, the action time, and the requirements for the objects to be disinfected and the ambient temperature, etc.
2. Biological disinfection method
For the large amounts of manure, manure sewage, garbage and weeds produced in production, the fermentation method is used to kill pathogens in them by means of the heat generated during fermentation. This is a method widely adopted in various places. Stack fermentation, sedimentation tank fermentation, biogas digester fermentation, etc. can be used. Where conditions are mature, solid-liquid separation technology can also be used, and the separated solids can be made into high-efficiency organic fertilizer, while the liquid after fermentation can be used for fishery aquaculture. In addition, while doing a good job in environmental sanitation and disinfection inside and outside the pig house, appropriately plant flowers, grass and trees in the farm area to beautify the environment.
These three disinfection methods are all relatively common and their effects are also relatively good. Pig farmers can choose methods according to their own actual situation to carry out daily disinfection of pig farms.
3. Physical disinfection method
The cleaning, ventilation, sunlight exposure and drying of the pig farm environment, and the treatment of articles and tools by burning, baking, boiling, fumigation, etc. are called physical disinfection. Physical disinfection methods include sunlight disinfection, dry disinfection and high-temperature disinfection.
a. Sunlight disinfection
Under the action of direct sunlight, bacteria die very quickly. For example, Mycobacterium tuberculosis takes 3 to 5 hours, and swine fever virus takes 5 to 9 hours. Therefore, sunlight is a good disinfectant. All movable feeding equipment can be disinfected by this method.
b. Dry disinfection
This method has a lethal effect on many pathogens because they need moisture to survive. If it is dry, well ventilated, and exposed to sunlight, the disinfection effect is even better.
Disinfection of pig farms
c. High-temperature disinfection
Under the action of high temperature of 50 to 60°C, the protein in the bacterial surface substance coagulates, causing the bacteria to die. For example, Bacillus anthracis dies within 40 minutes under dry heat at 55°C.