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Detailed Explanation of Shiitake Mushroom Storage Methods and Key Technical Points
After shiitake mushrooms are dried, they easily absorb moisture again if not stored properly. This is especially true during the rainy season when temperatures are high and humidity is great, making mold and insect damage more likely. Therefore, after drying, the shiitake mushrooms should be quickly graded and packed into plastic bags, and a small packet of anhydrous sodium chloride should be added to prevent the sugars in the mushroom body from seeping out and causing discoloration. At the same time, to prevent insect damage, the storage room can be fumigated with sulfur disulfide for 24 hours before storage, and storage should begin only after the residual gas has been expelled.
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How to grow licorice for high yield? A full breakdown of the technical key points
1. Soil selection. Choose deep soil layers, good drainage, high-lying terrain, and sandy soil and sandy loam soil with relatively high calcium content. Waste flats and waste slopes with slightly alkaline soil and a pH between 7 and 8.5 can all be cultivated. Plots with low-lying terrain and heavy clay soil must not be planted. 2. Variety selection. Choose the new "Wosheng licorice" variety suitable for artificial cultivation. This variety has the following characteristics: First, strong adaptability, drought resistance, cold resistance, salt-alkali resistance, heat tolerance, and tolerance to poor soil. Its temperature adaptation range is 43 to 45°C. In areas with severe water shortage or relatively dry conditions, no wilting or death has been found, and it can adapt to weakly alkaline calcareous soil. At the same time, it is suitable for intercropping with young forest and fruit trees; second, a short growth cycle. With seedling raising and transplanting, the seedlings grow for 3 to 4 months, and after planting they can be harvested after 8 to 10 months of growth; third, fast growth. Because of its prostrate growth habit, combined with artificial cultivation techniques, it grows horizontally at 30 cm on the soil surface, and its absorption rate of natural conditions such as light, water, and fertilizer is high, so its growth speed is fast. Thirty days after sowing, 3 to 4 true leaves appear. At 60 days, the plant height is 30 cm, the root length can reach 20 cm, and the diameter is 0.5 cm; fourth, harvesting and processing are simple. All operations can be mechanized, less labor is used, and it can be sold after being naturally dried to 80 percent; fifth, high yield and good quality. The yield of medium rough grass per mu is more than 500 kg, and high-yielding fields can reach 800 kg. The skin is red, there are few branches, and the strips are uniform. It meets the standards of the national pharmacopoeia and complies with the germplasm requirements for building a GAP production base.
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Key technical points and precautions for transplanting licorice
Generally, it is done in late autumn or early spring. In late autumn, before the land freezes; in early spring, around Qingming Festival, and no later than mid-April. The transplanting field should be prepared on the basis of autumn plowing from the previous year by making beds (bed width depends on a row spacing of 50 cm and how many rows are planted in the bed), then applying fertilizer. Dig up the seedlings grown the previous year after the ground at the field corners thaws, remove the aboveground parts and the lower growing points, and set them aside for use. In the prepared field, open furrows at a row spacing of 50 cm, 12 cm deep, then place the seedlings flat at the bottom of the furrow, with the heads placed obliquely toward the inner slope, at a slope of 10 degrees. When placing the seedlings, 2 rows
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Key Technical Points for Field Management in Licorice Cultivation
Thinning and Final Thinning: In the year of direct sowing, thin the seedlings when they are about 6 cm tall, with a plant spacing of 10-15 cm; in the second year, maintain a plant spacing of 30 cm for final thinning. Cultivation and Weeding: After licorice is planted, weeds must be removed frequently in the first year, and the soil should be loosened in a timely manner. Soil loosening should go from shallow to deep, and herbicides can also be used for weed control. By the second year, once the plants have grown larger, weeds can hardly grow, so cultivation and weeding may no longer be necessary. Topdressing: In addition to applying base fertilizer at sowing or planting, during each year's growing period, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer can be applied as topdressing in early spring, with plant ash or compost applied per mu.
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Key Technical Points for Seed Treatment in Artificial Cultivation of Licorice
Licorice seeds have a hard seed coat and poor water absorption, with a germination rate of only 4-6%. Grinding or sulfuric acid treatment is needed to break the hard-seeded state and improve the germination rate and seedling emergence rate. I. Sulfuric acid treatment method. For each kilogram of clean seeds, mix evenly with 20-30 mL of 80% sulfuric acid. Once uniform sulfuric acid etching marks are visible on the seed coat, rinse with clean water and dry in the sun for later use. The treatment time depends on temperature and the amount of acid added. With the same amount of acid, higher temperatures require shorter treatment time, while lower temperatures require
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Control Methods and Technical Key Points for Licorice Brown Spot Disease
Brown spot disease is an infection caused by a type of imperfect fungus (Deuteromycete), mainly damaging the leaves. Its symptoms are: circular or irregular lesions appear on the leaves, the center of the lesion is grayish-brown, the edge is brown, and black mold-like growth occurs on both sides of the lesion. Control methods: spray 1:1:100-1:1:160 Bordeaux mixture or spray 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder at 1500x-2000x dilution.
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Key Technical Points for Mechanized Micro-Pot Seedling Raising of Cotton
Traditional nutrient pot seedling raising methods have drawbacks such as high labor demand, complex seedbed management and high labor intensity during transplanting. The mechanized micro-pot seedling raising technology for cotton, developed by the Institute of Industrial Crops of the Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences and the Jiangsu Agricultural Technology Extension Center, breaks through the long-standing traditional model of cotton seedling raising relying on manual work and achieves the goal of saving labor and effort in cotton seedling raising. At present, the mechanized micro-pot seedling raising technology is at the experimental demonstration stage and has not yet been promoted and applied on a large scale, and farmers do not sufficiently understand and master the technology. For this reason, our newspaper's reporter interviewed Associate Researcher Zhang Peitong, a cotton cultivation research expert at the Institute of Industrial Crops of the Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, about the advantages and disadvantages and detailed technical procedures of mechanized micro-pot seedling raising.
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Cotton chemical regulation has its finer points: master these technical essentials
In recent years, with the widespread popularization and application of insect-resistant cotton, plastic film mulching and chemical regulation technology, cotton farmers have shown some undesirable cultivation tendencies in cotton cultivation techniques, especially in chemical regulation technology (hereinafter referred to as chemical regulation). Failure to pay attention to timely and appropriately timed chemical regulation leads to excessive vegetative growth and rank growth in cotton fields, over-vigorous vegetative growth, and relatively serious shedding of squares, flowers and bolls, ultimately causing cotton plants to become tall, large and empty, with severe lodging when hit by wind and rain later on, resulting in relatively large losses. During chemical regulation, the goal should be to steadily build a high-yielding framework and increase squares and preserve bolls, mastering the
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Technical Guidance on Cotton Management During the Flowering and Boll-setting Stage
The flowering and boll-setting stage of cotton is a critical period when vegetative growth and reproductive growth proceed together. During this stage, the plant gradually shifts from being dominated by vegetative growth to being dominated by reproductive growth. The plant grows vigorously with a large daily growth increment. It is the peak period of fertilizer and water demand in the plant's entire life cycle, and also the key period for forming economic yield. Timely and meticulous management is essential, adapted to local conditions and to the condition of the seedlings. Attention must be paid to pest and disease control, chemical regulation, pruning, and intertillage loosening of the soil, while at the same time rationally and scientifically formulating fertilizer and irrigating promptly and in appropriate amounts, so that individual plants grow steadily, the plant architecture and field population structure are reasonable, ventilation and light penetration are good,
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Q&A on Key Technical Points for Cotton Late-Stage Management
1. When does cotton late-stage management begin? Answer: Cotton field management after the end of the flowering and boll-setting stage is called cotton late-stage management. In China's Yellow River basin it generally begins in early September, and in the Yangtze River basin it generally begins in late August. 2. What is the main task of cotton late-stage management? Answer: The boll-opening stage is the key period determining cotton fiber quality, so first of all the focus should be on preserving bolls, increasing boll weight and increasing lint percentage; secondly, the focus should be on protecting roots, preserving leaves, promoting early maturity and preventing premature senescence; thirdly, the contradiction must be resolved between a bumper harvest and rotten bolls from rainy weather, excessive vegetative growth and late maturity, and a high proportion of stiff-boll cotton.
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