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High-yield cultivation method for sweet potato by cutting into pieces and direct sowing
In the cultivation of sweet potato by cutting into pieces and direct sowing, planting is carried out 20-30 days earlier than traditional planting. Because the growth period is extended, the yield of fresh sweet potato is generally increased by about 1000 kg per mu. It is a comprehensive high-yield cultivation technique with low investment, large returns, and savings in labor and time. 1. Prepare the soil early. In winter ⟦4 <p>In the cultivation of sweet potato by cutting into pieces and direct sowing, planting is carried out 20-30 days earlier than traditional planting. Because the growth period is extended, the yield of fresh sweet potato is generally increased by about 1000 kg per mu. It is a comprehensive high-yield cultivation technique with low investment, large returns, and savings in labor and time. </p><p></p><p>1. Prepare the soil early. In winter or early spring, open furrows and deep-plow 30 cm, which can increase soil temperature and water content, and use the low temperatures of winter and spring to kill overwintering underground pests and diseases. Form ridges along north-south rows or according to the terrain, with a ridge spacing of 60 cm and a ridge height of 20 cm. The ridge shape should be tall and plump, and the furrow should be deep and narrow, which is beneficial both for drainage and drought prevention and for root tuber expansion. When forming ridges, keep the ridge soil loose, and rake the ridge surface flat and firm. Apply sufficient base fertilizer: per mu, apply 4000-6000 kg of organic fertilizer, 50 kg of ammonium bicarbonate, 50 kg of superphosphate, 20 kg of potassium sulfate, or 100 kg of plant ash. </p><p>2. Carefully select seed potatoes. Choose excellent varieties suitable for local planting. The potato pieces should be uniform in size, and pieces of 100-150 g are better. Remove potato pieces damaged by freezing or pests and diseases. Generally, 50 kg of seed is used per mu. </p><p>3. Cut into pieces and soak the seed. According to the characteristic that the upper end of the potato piece has dense buds and the lower end has sparse buds, the upper part of the potato piece should be cut smaller and the lower part larger. Generally, each piece retains 2-3 bud eyes. Put the cut seed potatoes promptly into a 500-600 times carbendazim solution and soak for 10-20 minutes. The solution temperature should preferably be 5°C higher than the air temperature at the time. Remove, dry, and plant immediately. </p><p>4. Sow in time. The time for cutting into pieces and direct sowing is 1 month earlier than the time for transplanting seedlings. After the seed potatoes come out of the cellar, they should be handled promptly and sown into the field as soon as possible to avoid freezing damage. Before sowing, open a furrow 15 cm wide and 5-6 cm deep on the back of the ridge. After watering the furrow sufficiently and letting the water seep down, place the mother pieces in the furrow with the bud-eye side facing south and up, with a plant spacing of 25-30 cm. After planting, immediately cover with film to help preserve moisture and raise temperature, and promote sprouting. </p><p>5. Strengthen management. In the early stage, replant seedlings in time. When seedlings are about 2 cm high, promptly make holes in the film manually at the emergence points to avoid scorching the young seedlings. At the end of May and the beginning of June, when the soil temperature rises, remove the film in time. In the middle and late stages, pay attention to drainage and waterlogging prevention, protect stems and leaves, and do not turn the vines. Topdressing should not be excessive; foliar topdressing can be carried out. Spray 50 kg per mu of 1% urea or 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution on the leaves. At the same time, pay attention to weeding and pest control.</p>
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Control Methods for Sweet Potato Scab, a Must-Read for Growers
Sweet potato scab, also known as sweet potato bud-shrinking disease, is commonly called leprosy disease, hard stem disease, etc. [Pathogen scientific name] Sphaceloma batatas Sawada. [Host crop] Sweet potato. [Disease diagnosis] It mainly damages young shoots, leaves and stems, and can also damage tubers. Leaves are mostly tender
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Why Mid-Season Sweet Potato Management Requires Heavy Potassium Fertilizer Application
This year, the sweet potato cutting period encountered drought, resulting in a low survival rate, so the planting density decreased somewhat, which will affect this year's sweet potato yield. Throughout its life, sweet potato has the greatest demand for potassium among all nutrients, especially when it enters the tuber bulking stage, when it needs a large amount of potassium. If potassium fertilizer is applied at this time
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What are the control methods for sweet potato stem nematode disease?
Sweet potato stem nematode disease, commonly known as "chaff heart disease." [Pathogen nematode scientific name] Ditylenchus destrutor Thorne. [Host crops] Sweet potato, potato, lily, ginseng, mint, Angelica sinensis, etc. [Disease diagnosis] It mainly damages the tuberous roots, followed by the stems and vines. Tuberous roots affected
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Methods for controlling freeze injury in sweet potato cultivation
Sweet potato freeze injury, also called hard-heart sweet potato. [Disease diagnosis] When storage roots are frozen, at first the skin color shows no obvious difference from healthy roots, only slightly losing its luster. Later, the skin can be seen to take on a slightly dark, lusterless appearance; pressing the frozen part lightly with a finger gives a springy feeling; cutting open a frozen sweet potato shows that the flesh near the skin rapidly turns brown, does not exude white milky sap, and squeezing it by hand releases clear water. Generally, based on the speed at which the flesh turns brown, the degree of freezing can be estimated; the faster the browning, the more severe the freezing. Frostbitten storage roots often form a hard heart, taste bitter, and will not cook soft. After storage roots are frozen, they are easily attacked by weakly parasitic fungi, causing rot. ⟦4 <p>Sweet potato freeze injury, also called hard-heart sweet potato. </p><p></p><p>[Disease diagnosis] When storage roots are frozen, at first the skin color shows no obvious difference from healthy roots, only slightly losing luster. Later, the skin can be seen to take on a slightly dark, lusterless appearance; pressing the frozen part lightly with a finger gives a springy feeling; cutting open a frozen sweet potato shows that the flesh near the skin rapidly turns brown, does not exude white milky sap, and squeezing it by hand releases clear water. Generally, based on the speed at which the flesh turns brown, the degree of freezing can be estimated; the faster the browning, the more severe the freezing. Frostbitten storage roots often form a hard heart, taste bitter, and will not cook soft. After storage roots are frozen, they are easily attacked by weakly parasitic fungi, causing rot. </p><p>[Cause] When storage roots are exposed to a low-temperature environment below 9°C for a relatively long time, their physiological functions are disrupted, the flesh tissue is frostbitten, a hard core forms, and the skin and tissue become necrotic. However, after freezing, a period of time must pass before rotting begins. The lower the temperature, the more severe the freeze injury. The longer the low temperature lasts, the more severe the freeze injury. When storage roots suffer freeze injury, rotting generally has two peaks: one is when harvesting is too late in production and the roots freeze in the field, called freeze injury outside the storage pit, and rotting begins about 15 days after being put into the pit; the other is during the middle and late stages of pit storage, when freezing occurs because the pit is shallow or cold protection and insulation are poor and the pit temperature is low, followed by rotting. Generally, at 4-5°C, rotting begins after lasting half a month, and at 6-7°C, rotting occurs only after 1 month. </p><p>[Control measures] (1) Harvest and put into the pit at the proper time to prevent storage roots from freezing. The suitable harvest time for sweet potato should be when the local average temperature of the ten-day period drops to about 14-15°C. Harvest promptly on a sunny day, and the storage roots should be put into the pit on the day of harvest. (2) Disinfect the storage pit. Before the storage roots are put into the pit, a layer of soil should be scraped from the walls of an old pit, and then chemicals should be used for disinfection: fumigate with 30-40 milliliters of 402 water-based fungicide per cubic meter of space, or spray the walls around the pit with a 50-fold formalin solution; in either case, it must be sealed for two days, then opened for ventilation, and used after another two days. (3) Carefully select storage roots. Any storage roots that are diseased, insect-bitten, or frostbitten by frost should be removed and must not be put into the pit. (4) During harvesting, transport, and pit storage, handle them carefully, lifting and setting them down gently, and prevent wounds as much as possible. (5) Manage the temperature and humidity of the storage pit well. To prevent storage roots from freezing and ensure safe storage, the pit temperature should be kept at 11-13°C and the relative humidity at 75%-80%.</p>
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Detailed Explanation of Key Points for High-Yield Cultivation Technology of Film-Mulched Sweet Potato
1. Select suitable plots and apply more fertilizer. It is best to choose fertile, level, and irrigable loam soil for planting sweet potatoes. For film-mulched plots, deepen the plow layer. Autumn plowing should be about 25 cm deep. Apply more than 2500 kg of high-quality decomposed farmyard manure per mu. When plowing, broadcast 2/3 of the farm manure and apply 1/3 in furrows when ridging.
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How should autumn sweet potatoes be managed to achieve high yields?
1. Select good varieties and strong seedlings. Choose early-maturing, high-quality, high-yielding varieties such as Su Shu No. 7, Su Shu No. 8, Yu Shu 303, Xu Shu 18, and Yu Zi 263 (purple-fleshed sweet potato); select sturdy seedlings with pointed flat heads that have thick stems, dense nodes, moderate tenderness, rich sap, and are disease-free, non-degenerated, and free of adventitious roots; plant different varieties separately.
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How to manage sweet potatoes in the mid-growth stage? Master these key points
Drought prevention and drainage: In most areas with high temperatures and abundant rain, the aboveground stems and leaves of sweet potatoes grow rapidly, and nutrients move upward rather than downward. At this time, attention should be paid to drainage, that is, promptly and quickly remove standing water from the field surface after rain to control excessive aboveground growth. If there is drought, watering is needed to prevent it, so that the tubers can rapidly expand in soil that is neither wet nor dry.
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What are the control methods for sweet potato weevil
The sweet potato weevil is also called the sweet potato ant-weevil; in Guangdong it is called shazi bug or shala bug, and it is one of the main pests harming sweet potatoes. In autumn sweet potatoes cultivated on dry sloping land, it occurs rather severely in the middle and late stages, with a general damage rate of 10%-15%, and in severely affected plots up to 40%-50%. Control methods
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What are the four key points of field management for sweet potato cultivation?
First is topdressing to promote seedling growth. Cultivate 7-10 days after planting; per mu, use 20-30 loads of human and livestock manure water mixed with 10-15 kg of ammonium bicarbonate or 5 kg of urea (preferably 7-10 kg of 40% high-efficiency compound fertilizer) to irrigate the planting holes; at the same time, per mu, apply 100-150 kg of plant ash mixed with 25-30 kg of superphosphate between the holes, do not
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