In the cultivation of sweet potato by cutting into pieces and direct sowing, planting is carried out 20-30 days earlier than traditional planting. Because the growth period is extended, the yield of fresh sweet potato is generally increased by about 1000 kg per mu. It is a comprehensive high-yield cultivation technique with low investment, large returns, and savings in labor and time. 1. Prepare the soil early. In winter
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<p>In the cultivation of sweet potato by cutting into pieces and direct sowing, planting is carried out 20-30 days earlier than traditional planting. Because the growth period is extended, the yield of fresh sweet potato is generally increased by about 1000 kg per mu. It is a comprehensive high-yield cultivation technique with low investment, large returns, and savings in labor and time. </p><p></p><p>1. Prepare the soil early. In winter or early spring, open furrows and deep-plow 30 cm, which can increase soil temperature and water content, and use the low temperatures of winter and spring to kill overwintering underground pests and diseases. Form ridges along north-south rows or according to the terrain, with a ridge spacing of 60 cm and a ridge height of 20 cm. The ridge shape should be tall and plump, and the furrow should be deep and narrow, which is beneficial both for drainage and drought prevention and for root tuber expansion. When forming ridges, keep the ridge soil loose, and rake the ridge surface flat and firm. Apply sufficient base fertilizer: per mu, apply 4000-6000 kg of organic fertilizer, 50 kg of ammonium bicarbonate, 50 kg of superphosphate, 20 kg of potassium sulfate, or 100 kg of plant ash. </p><p>2. Carefully select seed potatoes. Choose excellent varieties suitable for local planting. The potato pieces should be uniform in size, and pieces of 100-150 g are better. Remove potato pieces damaged by freezing or pests and diseases. Generally, 50 kg of seed is used per mu. </p><p>3. Cut into pieces and soak the seed. According to the characteristic that the upper end of the potato piece has dense buds and the lower end has sparse buds, the upper part of the potato piece should be cut smaller and the lower part larger. Generally, each piece retains 2-3 bud eyes. Put the cut seed potatoes promptly into a 500-600 times carbendazim solution and soak for 10-20 minutes. The solution temperature should preferably be 5°C higher than the air temperature at the time. Remove, dry, and plant immediately. </p><p>4. Sow in time. The time for cutting into pieces and direct sowing is 1 month earlier than the time for transplanting seedlings. After the seed potatoes come out of the cellar, they should be handled promptly and sown into the field as soon as possible to avoid freezing damage. Before sowing, open a furrow 15 cm wide and 5-6 cm deep on the back of the ridge. After watering the furrow sufficiently and letting the water seep down, place the mother pieces in the furrow with the bud-eye side facing south and up, with a plant spacing of 25-30 cm. After planting, immediately cover with film to help preserve moisture and raise temperature, and promote sprouting. </p><p>5. Strengthen management. In the early stage, replant seedlings in time. When seedlings are about 2 cm high, promptly make holes in the film manually at the emergence points to avoid scorching the young seedlings. At the end of May and the beginning of June, when the soil temperature rises, remove the film in time. In the middle and late stages, pay attention to drainage and waterlogging prevention, protect stems and leaves, and do not turn the vines. Topdressing should not be excessive; foliar topdressing can be carried out. Spray 50 kg per mu of 1% urea or 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution on the leaves. At the same time, pay attention to weeding and pest control.</p>
Direct planting of sweet potato cuttings by cutting into pieces can advance planting by 20 to 30 days compared with traditional cultivation. Because the growth period is extended, it generally increases fresh tuber yield by about 1000 kg per mu. It is a comprehensive high-yield cultivation technique with low investment, large returns, and savings in labor and time.
1. Prepare the land early. In winter or early spring, open furrows and deep-plow 30 cm, which can raise soil temperature and water content, and use the low temperatures of winter and spring to kill overwintering underground pests and diseases. Form ridges along a north-south direction or according to the terrain, with a ridge spacing of 60 cm and a ridge height of 20 cm. The ridge shape should be tall and plump, and the furrows deep and narrow, which is beneficial both for drainage and drought prevention and for root tuber expansion. When forming ridges, keep the ridge soil loose and rake the ridge surface smooth and firm. Apply sufficient base fertilizer: per mu, apply 4000 to 6000 kg of organic fertilizer, 50 kg of ammonium bicarbonate, 50 kg of superphosphate, 20 kg of potassium sulfate, or 100 kg of plant ash.
2. Carefully select seed potatoes. Choose excellent varieties suitable for local planting. The tuber pieces should be uniform in size, and pieces of 100 to 150 g are better. Remove tuber pieces damaged by freezing, pests, or diseases. Generally, 50 kg of seed is used per mu.
3. Cut into pieces and soak the seed. According to the characteristic that the upper end of the tuber has dense buds and the lower end has sparse buds, the upper part of the tuber should be cut smaller and the lower part larger. Generally, each piece retains 2 to 3 bud eyes. Put the cut seed mother pieces promptly into a 500 to 600 times carbendazim solution and soak for 10 to 20 minutes. The solution temperature should preferably be 5 degrees C higher than the air temperature at the time. After removing and drying, plant immediately.
4. Sow in time. The time for direct planting of cut pieces is 1 month earlier than the time for transplanting vines. After the seed potatoes come out of the cellar, they should be handled promptly and sown in the field as soon as possible to avoid freezing damage. Before sowing, open a furrow on the back of the ridge 15 cm wide and 5 to 6 cm deep. After watering the furrow sufficiently and letting it seep down, place the mother pieces in the furrow with the bud-eye side facing south and upward. The plant spacing is 25 to 30 cm. After planting, immediately cover with film to help preserve moisture and raise temperature and promote sprouting.
5. Strengthen management. In the early stage, replant missing seedlings in time. When the seedlings are about 2 cm high, promptly make holes in the film by hand at the emergence points to avoid scorching the young seedlings. At the end of May and the beginning of June, when the soil temperature rises, remove the film in time. In the middle and later stages, pay attention to drainage and waterlogging prevention, protect stems and leaves, and do not turn the vines. Topdressing should not be excessive; foliar topdressing may be carried out, spraying 50 kg per mu of 1% urea or 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution on the leaves. At the same time, pay attention to weed control and pest prevention.