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Key Points of Mushroom Harvesting, Storage and Fresh-keeping Techniques
I. Storage Characteristics and Varieties Mushrooms are rich in amino acids and protein and have a delicious flavor. However, after harvest, mushrooms respire vigorously and at room temperature quickly open their caps, turn brown, develop off-flavors and deteriorate in quality, so they can only be stored for a short time. Dried mushrooms are easy to preserve, but their nutritional value decreases, and delays in processing can cause serious losses. Therefore, measures must be taken after harvest during storage, transport and sale and before processing to prevent a decline in mushroom quality. There are many cultivated varieties of mushrooms, and common ones include oyster mushroom, shiitake, button mushroom, enoki mushroom and phoenix mushroom.
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Detailed Explanation of Key Points of Oyster Mushroom Storage and Fresh-Keeping Techniques
Fresh oyster mushrooms have a high water content and tender, crisp tissue, making them extremely prone to damage. If stored improperly, they easily rot and deteriorate, causing losses to producers. Several storage methods for oyster mushrooms are introduced below: 1. Fresh storage: The storage time of fresh oyster mushrooms at room temperature is greatly affected by temperature and air humidity. When the room temperature is 3°C-5°C and the relative air humidity is around 80%, fresh mushrooms can be stored for one week. As temperature increases, humidity must also increase. When the quantity of mushrooms is small, the oyster mushrooms can be placed in a vat containing a small amount of cold water, and the vat opening sealed tightly; even if the temperature reaches 15°C-16°C, they can be kept fresh for about one week.
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Practical Guide to Fresh-keeping and Processing Techniques for Shiitake Mushrooms
1. Drying equipment: Although shiitake drying equipment at home and abroad differs in form, scale and technical level, its principle is basically the same. Generally there are the following models: (1) forced circulation dryer; (2) forced ventilation parallel-flow dryer; (3) heat pump dryer. 2. Drying methods (1) Raw material handling Before drying, trim off the mushroom stalks or stem bases from the freshly picked mushrooms, remove impurities, and process after grading. Mushrooms picked on rainy days or with high moisture content should first be spread out to air-dry so that
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