-
Symptom identification and control methods of cotton white mildew
Symptoms The disease occurs in the middle and late growth stages of cotton in all cotton regions. At first, white spots 3-4 mm in diameter appear between individual leaf vein networks, then become irregular polygons. On the upper surface of the leaf, the lesions are light green to yellow-green, and on the corresponding lower surface, many white frost-like conidiophores and conidia are produced. In severe cases, the diseased leaves dry up and fall off. The pathogen Ramularia areola Atk. is called white-spot Ramularia or cotton Ramularia, a fungus of the Deuteromycotina. The conidiophores are colorless, emerge in bundles from the stomata on the lower leaf surface, mostly branch at the base, and have tooth-like
-
Identification and Control of the Mushroom Mite Histiostoma feroniarum
Histiostoma feroniarum belongs to the family Histiostomatidae, genus Histiostoma. This mite is a cosmopolitan pest mite; wherever the environment is suitable for edible mushroom growth, its presence and occurrence are possible. (1) Damage characteristics: Histiostoma feroniarum can infest mushroom spawn bottles, reducing the finished product rate; it infests mushroom beds, affecting yield, and is one of the pest mites of cultivated mushrooms. When mushroom bed humidity is too low or food is scarce, it produces large numbers of reddish-brown active hypopus (dormant) forms, which gather on the bed surface or on fruiting bodies, and disperse by drifting in light breezes or
-
Identification and Control Methods of the Chinese Parasol Tree Psyllid
Morphology: Adult body length 5.6 to 6.9 mm, yellow-green; head broad horizontally, vertex deeply cleft, frons exposed; compound eyes hemispherical and protruding, brown; antennae yellow; wings colorless and transparent, veins tea-yellow; claws black; dorsum of abdomen pale yellow, with a brown band along the anterior margin of each segment. Egg spindle-shaped, length 0.5 to 0.8 mm, slightly transparent, pale yellow or yellow-brown when newly laid, pale reddish-brown before hatching. Newly hatched nymph rectangular, tea-yellow tinged with green, wing pads slightly visible; mature nymph long oval, length 3.0 to 5.0 mm, darker in color, wing pads clearly visible.
-
Identification and Control Methods of the Red Pine Pest Red Wood Borer Weevil
Why is the red wood borer weevil considered an important pest of young red pine trees? Because the larvae of the red wood borer weevil bore under the bark of red pine branches and shoots, causing the main shoot and side shoots to be damaged and die. This not only affects the growth of red pine, but can also cause the branches and trunk to crack and exude resin, weakening the tree's vigor and allowing other pests and diseases to invade and cause harm. Moreover, because this insect spends most of its life cycle under the bark of branches, it is difficult to control. Once it occurs in a forest, it may bring serious consequences of forest destruction. How to identify the red wood borer weevil? The adult of this insect is a small beetle, belonging to
-
Symptom Identification and Control Methods of Red Pine Bark Rot
Red pine bark rot, also known as weeping branch disease, soft branch disease, dead branch disease, and shoot blight, is a type of branch and trunk canker disease that mainly affects pine species. Symptoms: The disease affects the bark of branches and trunks of young red pine trees, and in severe cases can also occur at the base of the trunk, causing cankers. Pine needles above the infected area turn yellow-green to gray-green, and gradually turn brown to reddish-brown. The affected branches and trunks shrink and wrinkle due to water loss, and the needle drop scars appear slightly swollen. When the base of a lateral branch is infected, the lateral branch droops downward. When the base of a twig is infected, it
-
Symptom Identification and Control Methods of Red Pine Needle Cast
Red pine needle cast is a common disease worldwide. The disease can infect trees from young saplings to large trees, causing premature needle drop, affecting growth, and can lead to the decline and death of diseased plants. Symptoms: The disease usually affects 2-year-old needles, and some 1-year-old needles can also be affected. In the early stage of the disease, very small yellow spots or segmental spots appear on infected needles, and by late autumn the entire needle turns yellow and falls off. In the spring of the following year, larger, black or gray, long oval or oval raised granular dots appear on infected needles, with a paint-like luster and a longitudinal crack in the center, which are the ascocarps of the pathogen. Some diseased needles
-
Symptoms Identification and Control Methods of Phalaenopsis Sunken Spot Disease
Main symptoms: When this disease first occurs, spots appear on the leaf surface
-
Identification and Control Methods of the Wheat Ear Moth
Scientific name Apamea sordens (Hufnagel), belonging to Lepidoptera, Noctuidae. Also known as the wheat ear worm. Distributed in Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Qinghai and other provinces. Hosts include wheat, barley, highland barley, wheatgrass, and Iris lactea. Damage characteristics: newly hatched larvae first feed on the floral organs and ovary of the ear, and a few feed on the tender inner surface of the glumes; after consuming these they move to cause damage elsewhere. After the 2nd-3rd instar they feed and hide inside the grains; after the 4th instar the larvae move to the flag leaf, spin silk to bind the leaf margins into a tube shape, and after sunset seek out wheat ears to feed.
-
What are the sensory identification methods for fish diseases?
(1) Intestinal diseases 1. Hemorrhagic disease: The muscles, mouth, and bases of various fins are congested, especially the anal fin. After peeling off the skin, pinpoint hemorrhages in the muscles are visible; in severe cases, the entire muscle turns red. Sometimes the operculum, lower jaw, orbital area, and intestines of sick fish also show congestion; the gills lose their bright red color or become pale. 2. Enteritis disease: The anus is red and swollen; in severe cases, pressing the abdomen gently causes pus and blood or yellow mucus to flow from the anus, and part or all of the intestine is inflamed, appearing purplish-red. 3. Coccidiosis: The gill filaments are pale; in severe cases, the abdomen is slightly
-
Detailed Explanation of White Tea Evaluation Methods and Quality Identification Key Points
The appearance is mainly evaluated for tenderness, color, shape and cleanliness, while the internal quality is mainly evaluated for liquor color, aroma, taste and infused leaves. For tenderness, in Baihao Yinzhen (Silver Needle), observe whether the buds are plump or thin; for Baimudan (White Peony) and similar teas, observe the plumpness of the downy buds, the proportion of downy buds and the thickness of the leaf texture. Those with plump and strong downy buds, a high proportion of them and thick, soft leaves are superior. For color, evaluate the downy buds as silvery white, glossy and smooth, the upper leaf surface as grayish green and the lower leaf surface as silvery white; this is called silver buds with green leaves, white underside and green upper surface, and is considered top grade. For shape, those with buds and leaves still joined and leaf tips upturned are superior; those with leaves spread open, folded, bent or curled are inferior. For cleanliness, the requirement is that it contains no old
条件筛选