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Common Pests and Diseases of Golden Privet and Their Control Methods
Content: We have a large area of golden privet (Ligustrum vicaryi). Every year in the hot, humid season, the leaves drop in patches until the plants turn yellow and wither. What is the cause, and how can it be controlled? Reply: It may be "golden privet leaf spot" caused by a fungus. Once the plum rain season ends, it spreads everywhere, and affected golden privet quickly loses all its leaves. It is generally caused by planting density being too high, and in recent years it has appeared in large numbers in Shanghai. Control: spray with a fungicidal pesticide.
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How to prevent and treat leaf spot disease in golden privet
Diseased leaves develop nearly circular brown spots, often with concentric rings, and the outer edge is usually yellow. In the early stage the spots are relatively small; after expanding, the spots reach more than 1 cm in diameter, and sometimes the spots merge into irregular shapes. Diseased leaves drop from the branches very easily, thereby causing the phenomenon of bare branches and stems on golden privet in severely affected areas. The first occurrence period is early April, and the peak periods are July to August and October; from mid-May to mid-August and from mid-September to early November, use 47% Meike at 3000-4000 times dilution, 1% Junliting at 2
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Identification and control methods for several common diseases of edible fungi
I. Causes of deformed mushrooms and measures to avoid them. Deformed mushrooms lower product grade and may even lose their commercial value, affecting the economic benefits of cultivation; this problem is widespread. Common deformed mushrooms include: caps tightly clasped and not opening, appearing "fist-shaped"; stipes long, thick and fleshy with small caps, appearing "vase-shaped"; caps sunken with cracked, outward-curling edges, appearing "broken-bowl-shaped"; caps narrow and long, appearing "ox-tongue-shaped"; caps with spots on the surface, appearing "pockmarked"; caps with swollen tumor-like protrusions in the center, appearing "belly-swollen"; two caps spreading side by side with stipes tightly joined, appearing "butterfly-shaped"; caps curved and uneven, appearing "wavy-edged"
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Identification and Control Methods for Common Diseases of Edible Fungi
Brown rot, also known as white rot, wet bubble disease, etc. When diseased mushrooms are infected at a young stage, they cannot further differentiate and develop, and later form deformed mushrooms, often with a layer of "white fuzz" growing on the surface, which is the mycelium of the pathogen. When the temperature is above 20°C, over 4 to 5 days, the diseased mushrooms darken in color, then rot, exuding a brown (soy-sauce-like) liquid and becoming decayed and foul-smelling; below 20°C, this process takes longer. When the fruiting body is infected at the mid stage, brown lesions appear on the cap, the stipe becomes swollen and thick, and then the mushroom body softens. Cutting open the diseased mushroom reveals that its interior changes from white to grayish-white
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Forecast of Major Diseases and Pests of Edible Fungi (2006)
The edible fungi industry has been ranked among the six major industries of agriculture in China, with an annual output of over 12 million t, becoming a distinctive and pillar industry in agricultural regions. With the acceleration of industrialization, the cultivation area of edible fungi nationwide has continued to increase by 15% annually, among which the number of medium-temperature and high-temperature varieties has grown, the types of diseases and pests have increased, and the degree of damage has worsened. Through multi-point disease and pest surveys and information collection across the country, the occurrence status of diseases and pests in major edible fungi production areas nationwide in 2005 was summarized, and on this basis, a forecast for 2006
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What are the control methods for common physiological diseases of edible fungi?
1. Mycelial overgrowth After inoculation of edible fungi, vegetative growth is excessive, and the fluffy mycelium grows densely. After casing soil is applied, it often "drills" out of the ground and forms a mycelial mat. This situation is related to the characteristics of the strain and environmental conditions. Low water content in the soil layer, excessively high nitrogen content in the compost, poor ventilation, and excessively high air humidity all easily cause mycelial overgrowth, producing the phenomenon of "mycelium emergence." Common control methods: select high-quality strains; pry loose and break up the hardened mycelial mat; cover with fine soil, increase ventilation, and lower relative air humidity; use heavy watering to promote mycelial
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Pollution-Free Control Methods and Technical Key Points for Edible Mushroom Diseases
In the process of edible mushroom production, as long as management is carried out according to the biological characteristics of the selected mushroom strain, physiological diseases will not occur. When infectious diseases occur, pesticides must be applied in accordance with pollution-free requirements, with prevention as the priority, and never use pesticides casually. Long-stemmed mushrooms and unopened caps are typical symptoms of oxygen deficiency, especially when semi-underground mushroom sheds are used for cultivation. This phenomenon occurs commonly, severely reducing mushroom quality and affecting production efficiency. Solution: strengthen ventilation management. In low-temperature seasons, open the ventilation openings and door between 10 AM and 2 PM.
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Identification and Control Methods for Dactylium cobweb disease in lingzhi (Ganoderma)
DactyliumdendroidesFries belongs to the subdivision Deuteromycotina, class Hyphomycetes, order Moniliales, family Moniliaceae, genus Dactylium. 1. Morphological characteristics: The hyphae are pure white and cottony. The conidiophores are slender and sparse, with whorled branches arranged in a radiating pattern. The conidia are oblong, colorless, borne at the tips of sterigmata, solitary or in small clusters, mostly with 4 cells. 2. Disease development pattern (1) Transmission route: Dactylium lives in soil and is widely distributed in soils rich in organic matter.
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What is the Ganoderma disease pathogen Peziza badia?
Peziza badia Pers. belongs to the subdivision Ascomycotina, class Discomycetes, order Pezizales, family Pezizaceae, genus Peziza. 1. Morphological characteristics The apothecium is bowl-shaped, sessile, dark brown, 3-6 cm wide. The upper part of the ascus is cylindrical, gradually tapering downward into a stalk. The spores are arranged in a single row in the upper part of the ascus, elliptical, with obvious small protrusions. The paraphyses are pale yellow. 2. Disease occurrence pattern (1) Transmission route The spores are spread by airflow and wind, and can also be introduced with the culture substrate and casing soil to cause the disease. (
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Symptoms and Control Methods of Aspergillus Disease in Lingzhi (Ganoderma lucidum)
Aspergillus belongs to the Deuteromycotina, Hyphomycetes, Moniliales, Moniliaceae, genus Aspergillus. There are many species of Aspergillus, and the most widespread harmful ones are Aspergillus flavus (A. flavus Link) and Aspergillus niger (A. niger Van Tieghem). 1. Morphological characteristics: The hyphae are colorless, septate and branched, shorter and thicker than those of Mucor. The conidiophores arise from specialized thick-walled swollen foot cells of the hyphae, unbranched, with the apex swelling into a vesicle. The surface of the vesicle produces radial
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