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The impact of fertilizer damage on cotton production cannot be ignored
In recent years, while promoting new cotton varieties and providing technical services in cotton-growing areas, we have frequently encountered problems caused by farmers' mistakes in fertilizer application. First, when preparing soil for cotton nutritional-pot seedling raising, some applied too much farmyard manure or chemical fertilizer to the pot soil, so that after sowing, some cotton seeds rotted or the seedlings died; in some cases, although emergence was fairly uniform, root burn and seedling death followed. Second, after the cotton seedlings emerged in the seedbed, excessive application of water-soluble flush fertilizer scalded and scorched both cotyledons of the cotton seedlings. Third, when applying base fertilizer before transplanting cotton pot seedlings, some broadcast chemical fertilizer into the plow furrow, or applied chemical fertilizer into the pot holes, without separating the pot seedlings' root system from the applied fertilizer with fine soil; after transplanting, the cotton seedling roots came into direct contact with the chemical fertilizer, and the young roots and young stems turned brown or black after fertilizer damage. In mild cases, the cotton seedlings became stunted and did not grow; in severe cases, the young seedlings withered and died. Fourth, during the bud stage, excessive single application of nitrogen fertilizers such as urea or ammonium bicarbonate, or excessive input of high-efficiency multi-element compound fertilizer, with no regard for cost and a blind pursuit of building a high-yielding cotton framework early, resulted in excessive vegetative growth, premature row closure, severe shading in the cotton field, and serious outbreaks of pests such as mirids, causing massive shedding of buds and bolls. This phenomenon was especially common in rainy years. Fifth, during the flowering and boll stage, some rushed to broadcast urea before heavy rain arrived. Urea dissolved very quickly upon contact with rain, and the fertilizer concentration in the cotton field suddenly increased. After the rain, the weather suddenly cleared, cotton leaf transpiration was high, and water in the cotton plant rapidly underwent reverse osmosis and severe water loss, so that the lower stems and leaves of the cotton plant appeared scorched; in severe cases, the entire cotton plant withered and died and could no longer be saved.
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Morphological Characteristics and Damage of the Jujube Turtle Wax Scale
The jujube turtle wax scale belongs to the order Homoptera, family Coccidae, and is also known as the Japanese turtle wax scale or jujube louse. The adult is pale red, with a body length of 0.9 mm, black compound eyes and whip-like antennae. The wings are white and transparent, with two main veins. The female is oval, resembling a turtle shell; the egg is oval, pale yellow at first and purplish red later; the nymph is oval and pale red, and in its early stage spreads by wind before soon settling on leaves to cause damage; the pupa, only the male pupates beneath the scale cover. The pupa is oval. The insect, as nymphs and female adults, fixes itself on branches, leaves and fruit to suck sap, and its excretions induce
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Symptoms and Control Methods of Tent Caterpillar Damage on Large Apricot and Flat Almond
It mainly damages leaves, and in severe cases the leaves of the entire tree are eaten bare. 1) Prune off branches bearing egg masses and destroy them in a centralized manner; 2) During the larval hatching period, spray Bacillus thuringiensis wettable powder at 800 times dilution.
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Cold damage prevention and control methods and key technical points for rice at the panicle elongation stage
Rice pollination at the panicle elongation stage greatly needs temperature and oxygen. During this period, cold winds blowing from the northeast are very likely to occur, causing poor pollination, empty and shriveled grains, and reduced yield. Prevention and control techniques for cold damage. First, accelerate rice pollination. From late July to early and mid-August, due to meteorological causes of atmospheric circulation, the temperature generally drops to around 17, causing rice flowers to remain closed and not open, affecting rice pollination and producing empty and shriveled grains. For this kind of obstructive cold damage, scientific management of the paddy field should be strengthened so that rice accelerates through the pollination period and avoids
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Control Methods for Spider Mite Damage on Cherry Blossoms
How to control the damage caused by spider mites to cherry blossoms? The spider mites that harm cherry blossoms are mostly hawthorn spider mites, also known as hawthorn red spider mites. Spider mites mainly damage cherry blossom leaves. In early spring, the adults and nymphs gather on the undersides of leaves, piercing their mouthparts into the leaf tissue to suck sap, causing the damaged leaves to show chlorotic spots; in severe cases, the leaves scorch and drop early. The female adult of the hawthorn spider mite is 0.5 mm long, oval in shape, with a total of 26 setae on its back. The body is red, with winter and summer forms: the winter form is bright red with a silky sheen; the summer form is red when molting, and after feeding
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Frost damage prevention and control methods and key technical points for Schisandra chinensis
1. Disease symptoms Frost damage of varying severity occurs every year in the Schisandra chinensis production areas of Northeast China. In mild cases, the branches and shoot tips are frozen; in severe cases, the entire plant dies. Affected leaves initially show irregular small spots, which over time merge together and develop into mottled, uneven large patches; the leaves fade, and the leaf margins dry up. In the later stages of the disease, the young tender shoots suffer severe water loss and wilting, the tissues dry out and become necrotic, the leaves dry up and fall off, and the tree vigor declines. The first factor is the influence of temperature: after Schisandra chinensis buds break in spring, the nighttime temperature sometimes drops sharply, and water vapor condenses
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Potato Frost Protection and Post-Disaster Mitigation Measures After Snow and Ice Damage
(1) Functions and Uses 1. The effects of low temperatures on seed potatoes during storage and on seed potatoes and young sprouts (seedlings) after sowing. 2. Reduce the severity of snow and ice damage; promote the recovery of potato growth. (2) Technical Measures 1. Preventive measures against frost damage (1) During the storage of seed potatoes, pay attention to keeping them warm. Before low temperatures arrive, take preventive measures: place a straw mat under the seed pile and cover the top of the seed pile with straw mats or other coverings to prevent frost damage. (2) Adjust the sowing period appropriately to prevent frost damage. For
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How to treat rice damaged by metsulfuron-methyl herbicide injury?
Remedial measures: After transplanting (or throwing) seedlings in fields where herbicides have been applied, field inspections should be strengthened. When herbicide injury occurs, measures must be taken immediately to reduce losses. 1. Re-transplant (re-throw) seedlings: If diagnosis confirms severe seedling injury, with more than 80% of seedlings yellowed and some withered, seedlings must be gathered for immediate re-transplanting (re-throwing). Method: First drain the field water, lightly harrow once, then drain the muddy water, then level the field and transplant (throw) seedlings. In recent years, sowing and transplanting (throwing) seasons have been advanced by 7-15 days compared to traditional seasons. From discovery of injury to re-transplanting is generally 5-10 days, so the seasonal conflict is not prominent. 2. Strengthen fertilizer and water management and intertillage: For fields where injury is found, first drain the field water that has been treated with herbicide and irrigate with fresh flowing water. Next, perform intertillage to break up the original herbicide liquid layer and turn the herbicide adsorbed by the surface soil into deeper soil, reducing the effect of the herbicide on rice roots. 2-3 days after intertillage, apply 2-4 kg of imported compound fertilizer per mu to promote root growth and leaf development and accelerate growth. 3. Apply rooting agent: After draining, intertilling and fertilizing, it is best to apply 200 kg per mu of rooting agent ABT at a concentration of 200 mg/kg, which has a good effect on promoting roots. The number of roots can increase by 25%-40%, growth speed accelerates, and the sufficient seedling stage is delayed by only 5-7 days.
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Control methods for damage caused by bean blister beetles on potatoes
Bean blister beetles have currently been found causing damage on plastic-mulched potatoes in Longhu District, Shizuishan City, over an area of about 30 mu, with leaves in some fields severely damaged, affecting the normal growth of potatoes. There are three species of blister beetles, namely the white-striped bean blister beetle (Epicauta gorhami Marseul), the yellow-black flower blister beetle (Mylabris cichorii Linne), and the large yellow-black flower blister beetle (Mylabris phalerata Pallas), which are widely distributed across the country. They mainly damage beans,
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Impact of High-Temperature Heat Damage on Rice Production in Fanchang County and Defensive and Remedial Measures
In the process of rice production, the climate factors with the greatest impact and the hardest to control are temperature and water. Reasonable irrigation can supplement and regulate water, but temperature is difficult to control, and it exerts a major influence on the entire life of rice. Rice is the main crop in grain production in Fanchang County, ranking first among grain crops in both planting area and total output. At present, the rice planting area in Fanchang County is about 16,360 hectares (including the multiple cropping index), of which about 13,191 hectares are middle-season indica rice (mainly hybrid rice), about 1,514 hectares are early rice, and about 1,655 hectares are double-cropping late rice.
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