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Control Methods and Technical Key Points for Garlic Viral Disease
The garlic planting area in Eryuan County is over 30,000 mu, with an output value exceeding 100 million yuan. In recent years, due to continuous planting, viral disease has occurred widespread, leading to variety degeneration, decreased yield and quality, and seriously affecting the income of garlic farmers. 1. Disease symptoms: In the early stage of the disease, yellow striped markings appear along the leaf veins, plants become dwarfed, new leaves do not extend properly and are distorted. When the disease occurs after bolting, the parts below the flower bud of the garlic scape gradually lose green color and turn white. Plants have few fibrous roots, and in severe cases the garlic bulbs become smaller and hardened. 2. Environmental conditions for disease occurrence: Mainly the garlic seed carries the virus. During the seedling stage
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Detailed Explanation of Garlic Pest Species and Control Methods
In garlic production in Dali City, two main types of insect pests occur, namely the South American leafminer (Liriomyza huidobrensis) and the leek moth (Acrolepiopsis sapporensis). The South American leafminer mainly causes damage in the early stage of garlic growth (when there are 3--6 leaves); the leek moth causes damage throughout the entire growth period of garlic, with more severe damage in the middle and late stages. For control, the South American leafminer can be treated when garlic has 3--4 leaves, according to the situation, by selecting avermectin-type 1.8% Haijimie emulsifiable concentrate at l0--15 milliliters per mu, 1.8% Aifuding emulsifiable concentrate and Chongmanguang emulsifiable concentrate at 20--30 milliliters
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Symptoms and Control Methods of Bacterial Shot Hole Disease in Peach
[Distribution] It occurs throughout the country, especially in coastal areas, lakeside areas, orchards with poor drainage, and rainy years, often causing severe outbreaks. If control is not timely, it can easily cause massive leaf drop, reduce nutrient accumulation, and affect flower bud formation. It not only weakens tree vigor and reduces the yield of the current year, but also affects fruiting in the following year, resulting in poor harvests. [Symptoms] Water-soaked, pale yellow small spots appear on the leaves, then expand into red round spots, and subsequently turn brown, with the edge darker than the center. Around the edge there is a semi-transparent pale yellow halo. The edge is prone to forming an abscission layer, creating round shot-hole spots. When several lesions join together, the shot-hole shape becomes irregular; in severe cases, a single leaf may have dozens of lesions, and diseased leaves fall early.
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How to prevent and control peach leaf brown spot and shot hole disease? Detailed explanation of prevention and control methods
Occurrence pattern: The pathogen mainly overwinters as mycelium on diseased leaves or in the diseased tissues of affected shoots. In the spring of the following year, as temperatures rise and rain arrives, the pathogen produces conidia. The conidia spread by wind and rain, infecting leaves, new shoots and fruit. The disease occurs more severely in orchards on low-lying land with poor ventilation and damp, shady conditions, or in rainy years. Prevention and control methods: (1) Agricultural control: reasonable pruning. Keep the orchard well ventilated and well lit, reduce humidity in the peach orchard, and create conditions unfavorable for the disease.
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Symptoms and Control Methods of Downy Mildew on Impatiens
The scientific name of downy mildew on Impatiens is Plasmopara obducens (Schrtiter) Schroter, and it causes damage worldwide. It mainly affects the leaves and reduces their ornamental value. Symptoms: On affected leaves, chlorotic patches initially appear, irregular in shape, later turning into yellow-brown or brown necrotic spots; on the underside of the leaves there is a white mold-like growth, relatively thick and dense, and in severe cases it can cover the entire leaf, causing the leaves to scorch and affecting their ornamental value. The pathogen is called Impatiens axis downy mildew, belonging to the oomycetes. 2-5 sporangiophores emerge from the stomata,
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What are the control methods for primrose brown spot disease?
Symptoms are prone to occur on the fairy primrose (Primula malacoides). Brown spots form on the leaves. The pathogen Alternaria sp. belongs to the deuteromycete Alternaria fungi. Transmission route: conidia are spread by wind and rain. Control method: spray fungicides such as 70% chlorothalonil wettable powder at 1000 times dilution in the early stages of the disease.
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Symptoms and Control Methods of Botrytis Blight in Primroses
Botrytis blight is a common and widespread disease of primroses. [Pathogen] Botrytis cinerea Pers. et Fr. [Symptoms] Water-soaked spots appear at leaf tips or leaf margins, then gradually enlarge, turn brown to black, and rot; stems develop irregular brown lesions and are prone to soft rot; flowers turn brown, rot, and drop off. In the late stage of the disease, a grayish-brown mold layer forms on the affected parts. [Disease cycle] The pathogen overwinters in diseased plant residues or in the soil. Conidia are spread by wind and rain
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What are the control methods for leaf spot disease in primroses?
Control of leaf spot disease in primroses: 1. Select and breed disease-resistant varieties. 2. Strengthen fertilizer and water management, apply more organic fertilizer and phosphorus-potassium fertilizer, and avoid over-applying or applying excessive nitrogen fertilizer alone. 3. After the disease first appears at the seedling stage, begin spraying 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder at 1000 times dilution plus 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder at 1000 times dilution, or 50% sulfur mixture suspension or 36% thiophanate-methyl suspension at 500 to 600 times dilution, or 1:1:100 Bordeaux mixture.
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What are the control methods for primrose leaf spot disease?
Symptoms The disease occurs on the leaves. The spots are usually 3-4 mm in diameter and brown; in severe cases, the diseased leaves wither and die, causing defoliation. The disease spreads from the lower leaves to the upper leaves. The pathogen is Ramularia primulae Thumen, the primrose Ramularia fungus. It belongs to the Deuteromycotina fungi. The conidiophores emerge from the stomata, growing in clusters of several branches, very short, unbranched, colorless, with slightly curved tips; the conidia are cylindrical or short club-shaped, single-celled or two-celled, colorless, measuring 16-24 x 3-4 micrometers. Transmission routes and conditions for disease development
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Symptoms and Control Methods of Primula Leaf Spot Disease
Symptoms: It mainly affects the leaves of the plant. The disease spreads from the lower part of the plant to the upper part. The spots are usually 3 to 4 mm in diameter and brown; in severe cases, the diseased leaves wither and die, causing defoliation (see Figure 2). The disease is caused by Ramularia primulae. The pathogen overwinters as mycelium or conidiomata on diseased plant debris, and seeds can also carry the pathogen, becoming the primary infection source for the following year. The disease mainly spreads through conidia carried by air and rainwater. Reinfection is frequent during the growing season. Plants are usually prone to the disease in warm, humid weather and when nitrogen fertilizer is applied excessively.
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