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What to Do About Phenol Poisoning in Dogs? Emergency First Aid Basics, Part Two
Phenol-based preparations are widely used in public health disinfection and in veterinary clinical work, with common preparations including carbolic acid, Lysol, guaiacol, xylene and others. As a corrosive agent and sterilizing agent, phenol can be used to disinfect floors, kennels and large feeding utensils; if a dog licks and ingests a certain amount, poisoning symptoms will appear. Phenol preparations can cause damage to the nervous system. Skin in contact with phenol preparations becomes red and exudes fluid. The affected dog is listless, vomits, has tonic convulsions and paralysis. During treatment, the local skin should be washed clean with water, then use 10% ethanol
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Basic Overview of Protein in Pig Nutrition
(1) Carbohydrates Carbohydrates are the most widely available and the largest proportion of nutrients in the diet, and are the main energy source for pigs. In cereal grain feeds, there is very little soluble grass sugar and disaccharide, mainly starch, so it is the main energy source for pigs. Starch is broken down by amylase in the digestive tract into glucose, which is then absorbed into the blood as blood sugar. It provides energy through biological oxidation in the body. The digestibility of soluble sugar and starch by livestock is 95%-100%. For piglets before 2-3 weeks of age, due to insufficient pancreatic amylase and intestinal disaccharidase secreted in the digestive tract, piglets fed large amounts of starch feed grow poorly. Before 7 days of age, piglets fed glucose and lactose can utilize them effectively. After 7-10 days of age, they can utilize fructose and sucrose, but young pigs after feeding generally suffer from severe diarrhea, weight loss and high mortality. Crude fiber, after treatment with a certain concentration of acid and alkali, the remaining residue is called crude fiber. This determination method is incorrect. Generally, crude fiber in feed contains cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, and their composition ratio is unstable. In typical feed crude fiber, the contents of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin are 50%-80%, 20% and 10%-50% respectively. Cellulose and hemicellulose are polysaccharides. Cellulose is a glucose polymer, and hemicellulose is composed of hybrid sugars (glucose, fructose, mannose, galactose, arabinose, xylose, rhamnose, uronic acid). Lignin is a group of complex and difficult-to-digest substances - incomplete polymers of phenylpropane derivatives. These substances are the main structural components of plant cell walls. In the Van Soest analysis method, neutral detergent fiber (NDF) estimates the total plant cell wall components mainly composed of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. Acid detergent fiber (ADF) includes cellulose and lignin. The difference between NDF and ADF is the hemicellulose in the feed. The pig small intestine has no enzymes to digest crude fiber and cannot digest cellulose, hemicellulose and hemicellulose, but crude fiber enters the large intestine and undergoes microbial fermentation. The main end product of its digestion is volatile fatty acids, which supply about 5%-28% of the maintenance energy requirement. The digestibility of crude fiber is generally 30%-39%. Its digestibility is affected by fiber source, degree of lignification, content in the diet and degree of processing, so it varies greatly. The utilization of fiber is affected by the physical and chemical composition of the diet, the nutritional level of the diet, and the age of the animal. The digestibility of crude fiber varies from 0 to 97%. There is still no conclusion on the fiber level in diets for growing-finishing pigs. It is generally believed that for growing pigs around 20 kg body weight, the dietary crude fiber level is 6%. Some also believe that the level of neutral detergent fiber with low lignin should be less than or equal to 15%. Some experts believe that the crude fiber level in sow diets is 10%-12%. If the crude fiber level in the diet is too high, it reduces the digestibility of feed organic matter and energy. Increasing crude fiber in the diet by 1% reduces total energy digestibility by about 3.5%. It has also been reported to affect protein digestibility. In diets in the late finishing period, a higher level of crude fiber can be used to limit feed intake, reduce body fat deposition, and improve carcass quality. For every 1 percentage point increase in crude fiber content in the diet, backfat thickness is reduced by about 0.5 mm.
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What Is a Beehive? A Detailed Introduction to Beehive Basics
1. Structure of a beehive A beehive with movable frames (movable-frame hive) is an important production tool for scientific beekeeping. When movable-frame hives are used for beekeeping, the hive can be opened at any time, the comb can be taken out for inspection, the condition of the colony can be understood, the life activities of the bees can be observed, and various bee products can be produced according to need and possibility; it is also convenient for migratory beekeeping. Beehives are placed in the open air for long periods, exposed to wind, rain, and sun, and the bees must live in the hive, rear brood, and store feed, so the structure of the hive must conform to the living habits of bees, with uniform standard dimensions, and be sturdy and du
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Basic copper sulfate can be used to control cotton diseases
Copper Gaoshang 27.12% basic copper sulfate suspension concentrate can be used to control multiple cotton diseases. For seedling-stage application, after cotton is sown and covered with soil, drench with Copper Gaoshang 27.12% basic copper sulfate suspension concentrate at 600-800 times dilution to disinfect the seedbed soil, which can effectively prevent soil-borne diseases. When the cotton seedlings have all emerged and the cotyledons are flat and spread out, spray with Copper Gaoshang 27.12% basic copper sulfate suspension concentrate at 1000 times dilution, which can effectively control seedling-stage diseases such as cotton damping-off and anthracnose. 3-5 days before transplanting the cotton seedlings, use Copper Gaoshang
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What are the basic functions of drugs used for soft-shelled turtles?
There are many functions and effects of drugs used for soft-shelled turtles, but to summarise, they mainly act in the following three ways: 1. Inhibiting or killing pathogens. At present, most drugs used for soft-shelled turtles have the effect of killing and inhibiting pathogens, such as antibacterial drugs like sulfonamides, furans, antibiotics and garlic, antifungal drugs like table salt, formalin, the Chinese herbal medicines gallnut and sweet flag, and antiparasitic drugs like copper sulfate, ammonia water and potassium permanganate. These drugs achieve the effect of killing pathogens through indirect means (
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What are the basic facts about Ophiopogon japonicus? This article will give you a rundown
Ophiopogon japonicus is a new and superior ground cover plant promoted and planted by China's landscaping departments in recent years. It is enjoyed for its flowers in summer and its greenery in spring, autumn and winter. Its tuberous roots are used in medicine and have the effects of moistening the lungs to stop coughing and benefiting the stomach to promote fluid production. Ophiopogon japonicus is a perennial evergreen herbaceous plant of the Liliaceae family, with spindle-shaped tuberous roots at the ends of the roots. The leaves are velvety, 15 to 20 cm long. The flower stems emerge from the leaf clusters, with racemes in spike form, bisexual flowers, and 6 tepals. The flowers are light purple when they first open and gradually turn white. It can be used as ground cover under trees. The flowering period is July to August; the fruiting period is September to October. Ophiopogon japonicus
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What are the basic facts about lotus root? A comprehensive guide
Lotus root is divided into three parts: the lotus head, the lotus body, and the rear section. The lotus head is the terminal bud of the swollen rhizome, possessing leaf buds and mixed buds, and is wrapped in a bud sheath to overwinter; the lotus body is the swollen rhizome of the 2nd to 3rd node near the lotus head, and is the main part of the product organ; the rear section is the last, slender rhizome node. According to the utilization value of the product organ, it can be divided into three types: lotus root lotus, seed lotus, and flower lotus. According to adaptability to water depth, it can be divided into shallow-water lotus root and deep-water lotus root. Shallow-water lotus root is suitable for cultivation in shallow ponds or paddy fields with a water depth of 30-50cm, and most are early-maturing varieties,
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Detailed Guide to Dog Physiology: Essential Basics for Dog Owners
Body temperature of a healthy dog: (measured rectally) (1) Small breeds: 1. Puppies 38.5--39°C 2. Adult dogs 38--39°C (2) Medium breeds: 1. Puppies 38.5--39°C 2. Adult dogs 38--38.5°C (3) Large breeds: 1. Puppies 38.2--39°C 2. Adult dogs 37.5--39°C Heart rate: adult dogs 70--130 beats/min, pupp
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Detailed Explanation of the Basic Principles for the Use of Fishery Drugs
The use of fishery drugs is based on the basic principle of not harming human health and not damaging the aquatic ecological environment. In the aquaculture process, the prevention and control of diseases and pests in aquatic animals must adhere to the principle of giving priority to prevention, with treatment as a supplement. The use of fishery drugs should strictly follow the regulations of the state and relevant departments, and it is strictly prohibited to produce, sell and use fishery drugs that have not obtained a production license, approval number, or production standard. Actively encourage the research, development, production and use of fishery drugs that are highly effective, fast-acting, long-lasting, and have low toxicity, few side effects and small dosage, and advocate the use of drugs specifically for aquatic products, biological fishery drugs and fishery biological
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Basic Introduction to the Artificial Gastrodia elata of Feigu
Gastrodia elata was originally wild and mostly obtained by gathering. Through scientific experiments, the method of sexual reproduction was adopted to cultivate Gastrodia elata successfully. Its cultivation techniques and practical experience now have a mature theoretical basis, and the time is ripe for introduction and cultivation. Accordingly, the Feigu Villagers' Committee of Delu Township, Xuanwei City, in the course of industrial structure adjustment, proceeded from actual conditions and, on the basis of thorough market research, carefully analyzed the local natural conditions such as soil structure, altitude, diurnal temperature difference, and climate environment, and concluded that the conditions for cultivating Gastrodia elata locally were already ripe, and that after trial planting in some villagers' committees, it could be further promoted.
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