-
Detailed Explanation of Common Rice Diseases and Their Control Methods
Throughout the entire growth period of rice, common diseases include rice blast, bacterial leaf streak, bacterial leaf blight, sheath blight, rice false smut, and others. (1) Rice blast: It can occur from the seedling stage to the heading stage. According to the symptoms shown at different growth stages and on different parts of the plant, it can be divided into 5 types: seedling blast, leaf blast, node blast, panicle blast, and grain blast. 1. Main symptoms (1) Seedling blast: The diseased seedling turns grayish-black at the stem base near the soil surface, and the upper part turns light reddish-brown, causing the entire seedling to curl and die. (2) Leaf blast: On
-
Methods for preventing and controlling rice seedling stunting and key technical points
The main causes of rice seedling stunting are three types: phosphorus deficiency stunting, zinc deficiency stunting, and saline-alkali damage stunting. The main prevention and control methods are: 1. Phosphorus deficiency stunting generally occurs during the tillering stage after seedling recovery, manifesting as slow growth, short plants, slender and upright leaves, dark green leaf color, neat leaf cluster tips, significantly shortened leaf sheath distance, partial tillering, red leaf tips, and old leaves turning brownish-red or even dying. The main causes are (1) soil lacking available phosphorus; (2) low soil temperature, low water temperature, or soil containing hydrogen sulfide, ferrous iron
-
What are the control methods for rice bacterial leaf streak?
Rice bacterial leaf streak, or rice fine stripe disease for short, is an important disease in rice production in China. Its pathogen belongs to the genus Xanthomonas, and the bacteria mostly enter through the leaf stomata; symptoms can appear at any growth stage of rice. The lesions are short, fine, narrow stripes, with the striping appearing between the leaf veins. When held against the light, the lesions appear semi-transparent and water-soaked, turning red later; the bacterial masses on the stripes are very numerous, especially on the underside of the leaf, and are not easily dislodged when dry. Because hybrid rice still lacks disease-resistant combinations, and because the disease occurs over a wide area with an uneven distribution, this creates great difficulties for seed quarantine;
-
How to Prevent and Treat Yellowing of Rice Seedlings? A Detailed Guide to Practical Methods
During rice seedling raising, yellowing of seedlings is very likely to occur, with slow tillering and weak growth, which is not conducive to cultivating strong seedlings and has a serious impact on the seedlings used for field production and even on the improvement of rice yield. I. Yellowing caused by insufficient base fertilizer. Before the three-leaf stage, seedling growth mainly depends on the endosperm; after the three-leaf stage, it mainly depends on nutrients absorbed from the soil by the root system. However, many people believe that rice seedlings are small during the seedling-raising period and do not need much fertilizer, so insufficient base fertilizer is applied, and nitrogen deficiency becomes the main cause of seedling yellowing. Countermeasure: Apply 60-75 kg of urea per hectare of seedling field,
-
What are the control methods for the rice water-dropwort grasshopper?
Scientific name Gesonula punctifrons (Stal), belonging to Orthoptera, Acridoidea. It is distributed in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Taiwan, China, Sichuan, Yunnan and other provinces and regions. Its hosts include rice, taro, lotus root, wild narcissus, sugarcane, corn and other plants. Damage characteristics: adults and nymphs chew leaves into notches or eat the leaf mesophyll leaving the epidermis; damaged leaves show small purple transverse spots, affecting photosynthesis and hindering plant growth. Morphological characteristics: female adult body length 19-22 mm, male adult
-
Detailed Methods for Controlling the Chinese Rice Grasshopper in Rice
Scientific name Oxya chinensis (Thunberg), belonging to the order Orthoptera, family Acrididae. It is distributed across the rice-growing regions of both northern and southern China. Its host plants include rice, wild rice stem (Zizania latifolia), and other grasses, as well as various plants in the Fabaceae, Convolvulaceae, Malvaceae, and Solanaceae families. Damage characteristics: adults and nymphs feed on leaves, causing notches; in severe cases the entire leaf is eaten away, leaving only the veins. Morphological features: adult male body length 15-33 mm, female 19-40 mm, yellow-green, brown-green, or green; the front margin of the forewing is green, the rest light brown; head is broad and large, oval; the vertex
-
What are the key technical points for field tillage and preparation for machine-transplanted rice?
For machine-transplanted rice fields, different tillage and preparation methods should be adopted according to the cropping sequence, soil characteristics and other conditions, and base fertilizer should be applied according to local conditions based on soil fertility. Tillage and preparation of fields following a previous crop: 1. Crushing the straw of the previous crop. When the previous crop is harvested, the straw must be crushed and evenly spread. If crushing was not carried out during mechanical harvesting, an additional straw-crushing operation should be added or the straw should be removed from the field. 2. Dry tillage. Under suitable soil moisture and water content conditions, three methods can be used to kill stubble: forward (reverse) rotary tillage, shallow plowing and harrowing of stubble, among which the reverse rotary stubble-killing method
-
How Is Rice Bred? A Detailed Explanation of Methods and Technical Key Points
In the process of hybrid rice breeding, the sterility of the rice male sterile line is affected by photoperiod-sensitive factors. The male sterile line generally shows sterility under the long daylight of April to September, while it shows fertility under the short daylight of September to April of the following year. Therefore, "two-line hybrid rice breeding" can increase yield by more than 20% compared with "three-line hybrid rice breeding", and it also overcomes the problems of a single source of male sterile cytoplasm and the relatively large limitation in the use of heterosis. The gene compatibility between indica and japonica subspecies is determined by their compatibility substances.
-
How to Scientifically Choose Rice Varieties for Planting
How to scientifically choose rice varieties for planting should follow these principles: (1) Certified varieties with strong resistance. (2) In the same village or town, large-scale planting of a single variety should be avoided; 3-4 varieties should be mainly promoted and planted in combination. (3) Since this year's climatic conditions are not very favorable, varieties with a slightly earlier maturity period should be chosen. (4) Choose varieties sold by legitimate manufacturers. It is best to buy seeds from the breeding unit, because the breeding unit understands the characteristics of the varieties and the suitable regions. The seed purity is relatively good,
-
Key Points of Rice Seedling Cultivation Technology: How to Grow High-Yield Seedlings
Rice is the main food crop in the lakeside lowlands of southern Shandong and southwestern Shandong, with high yield and strong marketability. However, in recent years, mixed varieties and severe diseases have affected the income of farmers in rice-growing areas. Therefore, all rice seedling cultivation techniques must be properly implemented to lay a solid foundation for a bumper rice harvest. 1. Select high-quality varieties. Although Yujing No. 6 rice has relatively poor disease resistance, it has excellent quality, strong photosynthetic efficiency and compensatory capacity, and good yield potential, so it should still be the main variety this year. Lindao 11 and Zhendao 88 can be planted in combination, and Shengdao 80 can be planted for demonstration.
条件筛选