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Identification and Control Methods for the White-backed Planthopper on Rice
Hosts include rice, wild rice, corn, barley, wheat, sugarcane, sorghum, barnyard grass, and Kentucky bluegrass. The damage characteristics are the same as those of the brown planthopper. Morphological features: The macropterous male is 3.2-3.8mm long, pale yellow, with dark brown spots. The top of the head protrudes forward; on the outer side of the lateral ridges of the pronotum and mesonotum, behind the compound eyes, there is a crescent-shaped dark brown spot; the lateral areas of the mesonotum are dark brown with a yellow longitudinal band in the middle; the forewings are semi-transparent with brownish halo spots at the tips; the wing veins, face, thorax, and ventral surface of the abdomen are dark brown. The macropterous female is 4-4
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What are the potato cultivation techniques and methods?
I. Seize the early start and make preparations well in advance. First, crop rotation selection: the previous crop is best as corn or wheat, followed by soybean and sorghum, with sugar beet as the worst. Second, plot selection: choose soil that is soft in texture, high in organic matter, deep in soil layer, resistant to both drought and waterlogging, good in fertilizer and water retention, and suitable for good tuber growth. Third, prepare the land well, mainly by deep plowing about 25 cm, achieving a level and finely harrowed seedbed, firm on top and loose below, which is conducive to tuber formation, good tuber shape, and increased yield. Fourth, apply fertilizer rationally, with base fertilizer mainly organic fertilizer,
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Key Points and Detailed Methods of Potato Sprout Planting Technology
Potato sprout planting is based on the characteristic that potatoes have multiple eyes, allowing each eye to sprout and be transplanted, achieving multiple propagation and rapid propagation, and ensuring the varietal characteristics of the cultivar. Propagation using sprout planting technology can effectively prevent the occurrence of potato ring rot, increase yield and starch content, bring earlier harvest to market, and save 1/2-1/3 of the seed potato usage. 1. Seed selection: Choose healthy, disease-free seed potatoes that have fully passed through the dormancy period as sprout cultivation material. 2. Site selection: Choose a plot that is sheltered from wind and facing the sun with good soil moisture; if cultivating in a greenhouse,
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Detailed Guide to Potato Storage Methods: Teaching You How to Store Scientifically
I. Chemical and Physiological Changes During Storage. When potatoes are harvested, the tubers generally contain about 75% moisture. During storage, they have very strict requirements for temperature, humidity, light and air conditions. If these are not adjusted properly, they will cause adverse changes in physiological state and chemical composition. During storage, the physiological and chemical composition of potatoes is constantly changing. With changes in temperature, humidity and light, their respiration intensity changes accordingly. Due to respiration, weight can be reduced by 6.5-11%. If maturity is insufficient, nitrogen fertilizer is excessive, or potassium chloride alone is used, the weight loss will be greater.
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What are the control methods for dream potatoes in potatoes?
After potato sprouts emerge, if affected by low temperatures, the young sprouts swell and form small tubers called dream potatoes, commonly known as "carrying eggs." In production, farmers mistake this phenomenon for a sign of excellent seed potatoes, early maturity, and high yield, but in fact dream potatoes no longer sprout and emerge. They generally cause about 10% missing plants, seriously affecting yield and benefits. 1. Causes Potatoes can only germinate and sprout when the soil temperature is not lower than 4°C, and the young sprouts can only grow at 5-7°C. Generally, seed tubers that have been treated before sowing have already reached a temperature of about 6°C. If sowing
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Key Technical Points and Management Methods for Autumn Potato Cultivation
Autumn potato refers to potatoes planted from early July to early August and harvested in winter (mid-to-late November). Its growth period is short, and the purpose of planting is to provide excellent seed potatoes for the main spring potato production. Therefore, autumn potato cultivation has relatively strict requirements for plots, seasonal timing, and other factors. The more successful cultivation techniques are as follows: 1. Plot selection. Autumn potato is suitable for planting in low-heat river valley zones, flatlands, and semi-mountainous areas at altitudes of 1600-2000 m with abundant natural resources such as light, heat, and water. The main suitable planting plots are: mid-August
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Simple Diagnosis and Control Methods for Rice Deadheart
I. Simple Diagnosis of Rice "Deadheart" 1. "Deadheart" caused by insect pests. Sesamia inferens, Chilo suppressalis, Scirpophaga incertulas, mole crickets and other pests damaging rice can all cause "deadheart," and the main differences are: (1) Sesamia inferens: the insect holes are large and there is much frass, and the frass is generally deposited between the rice leaf sheath and the stem. The leaf sheaths and leaves of the damaged rice all turn yellow. The damage is more severe at the edges of the rice field and lighter in the middle of the field. (2) Chilo suppressalis: after the eggs hatch, the young borers first gather inside the rice leaf sheath to feed and cause damage; on the outside of the damaged leaf sheath, water-soaked yellow spots first appear, then it gradually turns yellow
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What are the control methods for early heading in rice?
This year, the Yangtze River and Huai River basins have experienced persistent drought with little rain, causing severe impacts on agricultural production. In July-August, rice in the rice-growing areas north of the Yangtze River and in the Huai River basin showed "early heading" to varying degrees. Field performance: 2-3 early heads per hill, differing from late-developed tillers by more than 7-10 days, clearly showing "second flush heads" or "third flush heads". To make up for the losses caused by "early heading" to field production as early as possible, the causes of early heading are analyzed below, and rescue methods are proposed. The length of the rice seedling age is closely related to the early heading phenomenon.
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What are the latest rice breeding technologies? A full analysis of the world's cutting-edge methods
Research on salt-tolerant rice breeding The aims of this research are: 1. To enable new salt-tolerant rice to adapt to cultivation in saline-alkali land. 2. To make full use of seawater irrigation when freshwater is scarce. Abroad, there have been reports of salt-tolerant crops such as tomato, melon and barley. Salt-tolerant rice bred by the University of Sussex in the UK can grow vigorously in the field, but the complexity of regulating salt content in the field must be recognized. Research on genetic engineering of salt-tolerant rice is quite active in the UK. Researchers insert genes from salt-tolerant rice into rice,
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How to apply the three fertilizers well for rice? Detailed explanation of the key points of fertilization methods
Excessive vegetative growth of seedlings causes ineffective tillers to proliferate rapidly, leading to delayed maturity with excessive greenness; some seedlings grow so densely shaded that they trigger diseases such as sheath blight or rice blast. In paddy fields where fertilizer damage occurs, it causes yield reduction in mild cases and forces the seedlings to be plowed up and replanted in severe cases. To give full play to the fertilization effect on rice, in addition to applying sufficient base fertilizer, the "three fertilizers" must be applied well as topdressing, namely tillering fertilizer, panicle fertilizer and grain fertilizer. Rice fertilization should be considered comprehensively and applied flexibly according to variety characteristics, soil fertility, climate factors and cultivation conditions. The fertilizer demand of rice is expressed in the nutritional stage, the critical nutritional period and the period of maximum nutritional efficiency.
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