-
Diagnosis and Treatment of Common Poisonings in Chickens: Feed, Drugs and Environment (Part 1)
1. Cottonseed cake poisoning. Cottonseed cake contains 36%-42% crude protein and is rich in selenium, phosphorus and B vitamins, making it an economical and effective protein feed. However, cottonseed cake contains toxic substances such as free gossypol and cyclopropene fatty acids. After absorption, free gossypol can accumulate in the body and poison the cells of nerves, blood vessels and organs. Feeding cottonseed cake continuously over a long period will cause poisoning. 1.1 Symptoms. At the beginning of the disease, the flock's appetite decreases, water intake increases, and the chickens are listless
-
Detailed Explanation of Common Cotton Diseases and Their Control Techniques
I. Damping-off Cotton damping-off, commonly known as root rot and black root disease, occurs in all cotton regions nationwide. After cotton seedlings are affected, yellow-brown lesions appear at the base of the stem near the ground, then turn dark brown and gradually become sunken and rotten. In severe cases, the diseased part becomes thin, and the diseased seedlings wither and die or topple over. After the cotyledons are affected, irregular yellow-brown lesions form, and later the diseased part breaks and falls off, becoming perforated. After adult plants are affected, brown spots appear on the leaves, which later fall off and become perforated. Control methods: 1. Reasonable crop rotation: with gramineous crops: rotate for 2-
-
Occurrence and Control Methods of Common Cotton Boll Diseases
Cotton boll disease is a composite disease caused by multiple pathogens, often manifesting as boll rot, which affects both cotton yield and cotton quality. Losses caused by boll rot reach more than 10% of total production. Common boll diseases in cotton fields in Henan Province include boll blight, anthracnose, red rot, pink rot, black boll, and others. They mostly occur in rainy years in mid to late August, and are especially severe during consecutive rainy days with high temperature and high humidity. I. Symptoms of Boll Diseases Boll blight: This disease mostly occurs on mature bolls in the lower part of the cotton plant, starting from the base, suture, or tip of the boll. It begins as a dark bluish-green water-soaked area, gradually spreading to the entire boll, turning bluish-brown, and finally becoming black, oily, irregular lesions with gradually lighter edges, and the boundary between diseased and healthy areas is not obvious.
-
A Detailed Guide to Identifying and Controlling Common Pests of Shiitake Mushrooms
1. Mites, commonly known as fungus lice, are divided into two types: flour mites and straw itch mites. Straw itch mites are small and difficult to see with the naked eye; they tend to gather in clusters on the surface of the growing substrate. Flour mites are larger, white and shiny, do not form clusters, and appear powdery when numerous. On shiitake mushroom blocks infested by mites, the mycelium is gnawed on, and in severe cases the mycelium can be eaten completely. If mites occur in the spawn, a cotton plug dipped in 50% dichlorvos can be inserted to fumigate and kill them. If mites appear during the mycelium-running stage, they can be killed by spraying 0.5% dichlorvos, or by spraying a 2000-fold dilution of 25% permethrin-ester compound. If mites occur during the fruiting stage
-
What are the common physiological diseases of bag-cultivated shiitake mushrooms?
Physiological diseases, also known as non-infectious diseases, are poor growth phenomena caused by unsuitable growing conditions or the influence of harmful substances in the environment. Although such diseases have no pathogenic agents and are not mutually contagious, once they occur they can cause major losses. In Chunhua, Shaanxi, the most common physiological diseases of bag-cultivated shiitake mushrooms include mycelial thinning, mushroom burning (pile heating), yellow water in the mushroom logs, mushroom log decline, and deformed mushrooms. 1 Mycelial thinning 1.1 Symptoms: mycelial growth is sparse, and the mushroom logs are soft and lack elasticity. 1.2 Causes: ① The substrate had already become moldy before sterilization
-
How to propagate oleander? A detailed explanation of the common propagation methods
Cuttings are the main method, though layering also works. 1. Cuttings: from late March to early April each year, select healthy 1-2 year old branches as cuttings, cut them into 15 cm long pieces, and soak them in clean water at 20°C, with the submerged depth being 1/3 of the cutting length, changing the water once a day. After 7 days, when the wounded area in the water turns white, take them out and insert them into the cutting medium, and provide shading and moisture retention; roots can form in about 1 month. Alternatively, water-propagate in June-July; after rooting in 1 month, move them into soil. 2. Layering: do it during the rainy season; roots can form after 2 months.
-
Characteristics of Apocynaceae Plants and Introduction to Common Species
Latin scientific name: Apocynaceae English name: Dogbane Family Introduction: Trees, shrubs, or vines, rarely perennial herbs; with milky sap or watery juice. Leaves simple, opposite or whorled, rarely alternate, entire, rarely finely toothed, pinnate-veined; stipules absent or reduced to glands, rarely false stipules. Flowers bisexual, actinomorphic; solitary or in cymes. Calyx connate at base, (4)5-lobed, lobes usually imbricate in bud, often with glands at the inner base; corolla sympetalous, lobes (4)5, imbricate, base margins overlapping to the left or right, rarely valvate, corolla throat often with a corona, scales, or hairy appendages; stamens 5, inserted on the corolla tube or throat, included or exserted, filaments free, anthers 2-celled, free or coherent and adhering to the stigma, pollen granular; disk present, rarely absent; ovary superior, rarely semi-inferior, 1-2-celled, carpels free or connate, style 1, stigma 2-lobed, ovules 1 to many. Fruit a berry, drupe, capsule, or follicle. Seeds often comose at one end, rarely at both ends, or with only a membranous wing or lacking both wings and hairs; endosperm usually present, embryo straight.
-
Introduction to Oleander Varieties: Get to Know the Common Oleander Varieties
1. White-flowered oleander is a cultivar of oleander. The flowers are white and semi-double. The leaves are relatively small, and both the branches and the stems are pale greenish-white. 2. Variegated oleander is a cultivar of oleander. The flowers are red and single. The leaf surface has markings. 3. Pale yellow oleander is a cultivar of oleander. The flowers are pale yellow and single. 4. Double-flowered oleander is a cultivar of oleander. The flowers are red and double.
-
Red-leaf privet is a common landscaping nursery stock variety
Red-leaf privet is a horticultural cultivar of the genus Ligustrum in the family Oleaceae. It is an evergreen small tree with opposite simple leaves; the branchlets are slightly covered with fine hairs, and the leaves are ovate, ovate-round to ovate-elliptic, thin leathery, extremely similar in leaf shape to Chinese privet (Ligustrum sinense), with stronger sprouting ability, faster growth and vigorous growth. Its new shoots and young leaves are purplish red, and against the backdrop of the old leaves they appear all the more vivid and dazzling. After being pruned several times, the new branches become dense and the whole crown turns purplish red, making it even more gorgeous and striking among green plant clusters. After winter sets in, the whole plant turns purplish black again, standing out even more among all things. Red-leaf privet
-
What are the common diseases of foxes and raccoon dogs during gestation and the whelping period?
Foxes and raccoon dogs have now entered the critical stage of gestation and whelping since the spring estrus and mating, and a series of changes have taken place in their physiological functions, making them extremely sensitive to external stimuli, so the incidence of disease is very high. Recently many readers have consulted us on this matter. In response, the editor has specially invited Professor Hua Shufang of the Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, to give an introduction to the prevention and treatment of common diseases of foxes and raccoon dogs during gestation and the whelping and lactation period. 1. What are the manifestations of gastroenteritis during gestation and the whelping period, and how is it prevented and treated? Answer: During gestation and the whelping period, the
条件筛选