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How "Internet Plus" Is Opening Up a Major Transformation in Agricultural Development
This year, Premier Li Keqiang proposed the "Internet Plus" action plan in the government work report, and agriculture is one of its core areas. On the one hand, "Internet Plus" can raise the level of agricultural organization, reduce transaction costs, and optimize resource allocation, and is becoming a powerful tool for breaking the shackles that the smallholder economy places on China's agricultural and rural modernization; on the other hand, through convenient, real-time, perceptive, IoT-enabled, and intelligent means, "Internet Plus" provides precise and scientific information services for farmland confirmation of rights, agricultural technology extension, and rural finance, and is becoming a new engine for the leapfrog development of modern agriculture. "Internet Plus agriculture" is a revolutionary innovation in industrial models and will surely open up a major transformation unprecedented in a thousand years for China's smallholder economy. So how should we view the opportunities and challenges behind the currently heating-up "Internet Plus agriculture"? How should development strategies be formulated at the national strategic level? Recently, Wang Wensheng, deputy director of the Information Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, accepted a reporter's interview on these issues. <p><P> Driven by "Internet Plus agriculture," build an upgraded version of China's modern agriculture</P><P> "China's current agriculture is facing the test of resource shortages, excessive development, and worsening pollution. Farmers find it difficult to increase income under the dual pressure of a weak industry and institutional discrimination, and there is an urgent need to accelerate agricultural modernization. 'Internet Plus agriculture' will bring a strong driving force," said Wang Wensheng. "The upgraded version of China's modern agricultural development should be information-supported, collaboratively managed, highly efficient in output, safe in products, resource-conserving, and environmentally friendly."</P><P> What far-reaching effects will "Internet Plus" have on China's agricultural modernization?</P><P> Wang Wensheng said, first, it will help smart agriculture achieve major improvements and realize information perception, intelligent decision-making, automatic control, and precise management throughout the entire agricultural production process, which is also the basic direction of modern agricultural development in the future; second, the agricultural industry innovation built by "Internet Plus" provides a complete set of creative solutions for eliminating the dual domestic and international pressures faced by China's agricultural product market circulation and for coordinating the two major markets and two types of resources at home and abroad; it will also accelerate the extension of the agricultural industry chain, the development of agriculture's multiple functions, and the transformation of agricultural development modes, and provide an information network support environment for building a new business format of the "sixth industry" that integrates the primary, secondary, and tertiary industries in urban and rural areas.</P><P> In addition, an agricultural science and technology extension service platform based on "Internet Plus" organically links agricultural research talent, technology extension personnel, and new agricultural business entities, and can help mass entrepreneurship and innovation. In coordinating urban and rural development, "Internet Plus agriculture" can radiate urban public services to the vast rural areas at low cost, provide services across urban and rural regions, and build a new platform for equalizing public scarce resources such as culture, education, and health between urban and rural areas.</P><P> Three major challenges: strategic choices, infrastructure, and deep integration with modern agriculture. To continuously and steadily promote the efficient development of "Internet Plus agriculture," it is also necessary to maintain clear awareness and prudent thinking about the main challenges faced.</P><P> "'Internet Plus agriculture' is a new proposition for using modern technology to upgrade traditional industries. However, in the absence of top-level design, it is easy for everyone to rush in and act independently, which is not conducive to overall coordinated advancement," Wang Wensheng believed. "There is an urgent need to formulate a development strategic plan for China's 'Internet Plus agriculture' and form a pattern of unified planning and steady implementation. At the national level, do a good job in top-level design, issue relevant guiding opinions and industrial development plans, formulate relevant technology development roadmaps, achieve breakthroughs in basic fields and key technologies, strengthen legislation on 'Internet Plus agriculture,' and promote agricultural data openness and talent training."</P><P> Infrastructure is another major challenge. According to statistics, there are still more than 50,000 administrative villages across the country without broadband access, the proportion of farmer households with computers is less than 30%, and the rural Internet penetration rate is only 27.5%. The application of information technology in agriculture mostly remains at the experimental and demonstration stage, and the task of transforming information technology into real productivity is extremely arduous.</P><P> Wang Wensheng said that "Internet Plus" is a major technological revolutionary innovation and will surely go through two stages: the rise of emerging industries and the widespread installation of new infrastructure, and the vigorous development of applications in all walks of life. At the current stage, we should take advantage of the "Broadband China" strategy, focus on solving the problem of broadband access in every village, accelerate the development and promotion of low-cost smart terminals suited to farmers' characteristics, strengthen the in-depth development of agriculture-related information resources, and at the same time establish a national agricultural big data research and application center covering the entire information chain of agricultural big data collection, processing, storage, handling, and analysis, and promote agricultural big data application services at home and abroad.</P><P> Agriculture is a huge traditional industry involving politics, economics, society, culture, and many other aspects, and agricultural issues are intricately connected and complex. Wang Wensheng said: "How to use 'Internet Plus' to link up the chain of agricultural modernization and deeply penetrate the new generation of information technology into all links such as agricultural product production and sales, comprehensive rural information services, and agricultural government affairs management urgently requires the formulation of a specific and operable implementation plan to promote the efficient development of 'Internet Plus agriculture.'"</P><P> Plan ahead and design and launch ten major actions for "Internet Plus agriculture"</P><P> "Internet Plus" can penetrate all aspects of the "three rural" fields and bring entirely new changes to agriculture, rural areas, and farmers. Beyond the strategic level, how should specific actions for "Internet Plus agriculture" be planned in an all-round way? Wang Wensheng proposed ten major action plans.</P><P> In agricultural production, four major actions should be implemented: the "Internet Plus" action to promote the upgrading of smart agriculture, the action to help agricultural science and technology innovation, the action to help ensure the quality and safety of agricultural products, and the action to help agricultural ecological development. "Through precise and intelligent management of the agricultural production process, increase labor productivity and resource utilization efficiency; through full-process informatization of agricultural product quality and safety control, improve the level of agricultural product supervision and promote the standardization of agricultural production; through the establishment of a national agricultural water use and conservation data platform and a tracking and monitoring platform for agricultural input sales and application, realize intelligent control of water, fertilizer, and pesticide usage, establish a national agricultural environmental carrying capacity assessment system and an agricultural waste monitoring system, and promote sustainable agricultural development," said Wang Wensheng.</P><P> In agricultural industrialization, actions should be implemented for "Internet Plus" to help build agricultural product e-commerce, help agriculture go global, and help develop the "sixth industry." Wang Wensheng said: "We should focus on building an Internet-based agricultural industry chain and actively promote the Internetization of links such as agricultural product production, circulation, processing, storage and transportation, sales, and services. We should build a cross-border agricultural product e-commerce platform and create specialty high-quality agricultural products with international brands. In addition, we should build a comprehensive information service platform for the 'sixth industry,' help leisure agriculture, and enhance agriculture's ecological value, leisure value, and cultural value."</P><P> In promoting rural development and farmers' prosperity, actions should be implemented for "Internet Plus" to help cultivate new-type professional farmers, help rural "mass entrepreneurship and innovation," and help smart rural information services. Wang Wensheng said: "We can develop a new-type professional farmer training and education platform based on smart terminals with online classes, interactive classes, and certification exams, and realize the mobile and intelligent cultivation of new-type professional farmers. Promote the construction of a national agricultural science and technology service cloud platform, accelerate the transformation of agricultural scientific and technological achievements, stimulate the vitality of the rural economy, and promote mass entrepreneurship and innovation. Improve the comprehensive rural information service cloud platform so that farmers can obtain information on education, employment, social security, and more online, and solve the difficult problem of the urban-rural digital divide."</P></p>
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