How to formulate base fertilizer for wheat? Reference for formula and dosage

Wheat is one of the important crops in our country, and it is grown more in the north. To achieve high wheat yields, besides carrying out all management techniques well, fertilization must also be done well. So what is the base fertilizer formula for wheat?

1. What is the base fertilizer formula for wheat?

The base fertilizer for wheat is generally urea, potassium chloride, and diammonium phosphate, each in an amount of about 15 kg. The specific amount should be determined according to soil fertility and plant growth conditions. For plots with high fertility, the amount can be appropriately reduced; for plots with low fertility, the amount should be increased. Note that regular fertilizer brands should be used.

2. How should wheat be fertilized?

The normal growth and development of wheat requires nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, iron, zinc, copper, manganese, and many other elements. Among the three major elements nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, it relatively needs more nitrogen and potassium and less phosphorus. According to research data, for every 100 kg of grain formed, wheat needs to absorb 2.8 kg of pure nitrogen, 1 kg of phosphorus pentoxide, and 2.4 kg of potassium oxide. The fertilizer requirement increases as the yield level rises. Generally, a wheat field needs 12-15 kg of pure nitrogen, 6-8 kg of phosphorus pentoxide, and 5-6 kg of potassium fertilizer (potassium oxide) applied in combination throughout the whole growth period. Zinc, boron, manganese, and other elements should be applied according to the soil nutrient supply status, supplementing what is deficient and applying them in a targeted way. In terms of application by stages, follow the principle of “heavy application of base fertilizer and skillful application of topdressing” and adjust rationally.

1. Base fertilizer

“Wheat thrives on richness from the start; base fertilizer is the foundation.” Before land preparation, generally apply 1-1.5 tons of farmyard manure per mu, and at the same time apply 30-50% of the nitrogen fertilizer, all of the phosphorus fertilizer, and 20% of the potassium fertilizer as base fertilizer. It is recommended to apply 3 kg of zinc fertilizer and 2 kg of boron fertilizer in combination. When applying, it is best to spread them evenly on the soil surface before plowing and promptly plow them into the soil.

2. Topdressing

Topdressing is generally carried out at the jointing stage, mainly with nitrogen fertilizer. The amount of nitrogen topdressing accounts for 50-70% of the total application. If wheat has many tillers, good seedling conditions, and vigorous growth, it can be applied appropriately later and the application amount reduced. Apply topdressing 2 times at the booting stage. If phosphorus and potassium fertilizers were insufficiently applied as base fertilizer, they should also be supplemented through topdressing, but phosphorus and potassium topdressing should be moved up as early as possible to the tillering stage, and compound fertilizer is best. After topdressing, water promptly, with a watering amount of about 40 m3, and do not use flood irrigation.

Foliar spraying is also a form of topdressing. When the root absorption capacity is poor in the later stage, foliar topdressing is more direct and effective, and at the same time can effectively prevent the harm of dry hot winds. The main types for foliar spraying are urea, monopotassium phosphate, micronutrient fertilizers, etc., with a concentration between 0.5-2%. Spraying is generally carried out before 10 a.m., after 5 p.m., or on cloudy days. If rain occurs after spraying, spray again.