How much is a jin of cowpeas? Detailed explanation of rust disease prevention and control methods
Cowpea is a vegetable rich in nutrients, with a crisp texture and many ways to prepare it, and it is deeply loved by consumers. Cowpeas are widely grown in the northern regions of China, can be sold on the market all year round, and have a strong ability to adapt to the growing environment. So what is the current cowpea price per jin? How do you prevent and control rust disease during the growing process?
I. What is the current cowpea price per jin?
The current cowpea price is steady with a slight rise, at about 2.5-6 yuan per jin, with some variation among regions; the price is affected by cowpea variety, time on the market, market conditions, place of origin, and so on. According to relevant websites, we can learn that the cowpea price at Longshiqiao Vegetable Wholesale Market in Anqing City, Anhui, is 2.35 yuan per jin; the cowpea price at Si Ji Qing Agricultural Products Wholesale Market in Bayannur City is 3 yuan per jin; the cowpea price at Xinfadi Agricultural Products Wholesale Market in Fengtai District, Beijing, is 4 yuan per jin; the cowpea price at the Fujian-Zhejiang Border Farmers Market Center in Fuding, Fujian, is 5.5 yuan per jin.
II. How do you prevent and control rust disease during cowpea cultivation?
The pathogen of cowpea rust disease overwinters as teliospores on diseased plant residues. In the south, urediniospores become the primary infection source of this disease; although teliospores exist, they are not important in the year-round disease cycle. In spring, when conditions are suitable, teliospores germinate to produce basidiospores, which spread through airflow and cause damage, and produce the pathogen in diseased parts for repeated infection many times. In the early stage of rust disease, the leaf lesions are yellow-green, round, and slightly sunken, later gradually becoming brown round lesions with a diameter of 1.3-4 mm, with a yellow-green halo ring; the lesions have small brown to dark brown granular spots, and finally the brown part falls off, forming perforations. As the disease develops, rust spores densely gather on the underside of the leaves, resembling a coarse fuzzy mold from yellow-white to pale yellow-brown. When spring-sown plants are budding or at the beginning of flowering, the mature leaves near the ground become diseased first and gradually spread upward. Uredinial pustules form on both sides of the leaves, nearly round, initially small white blister-like spots, gradually becoming gray-brown, and after maturity mostly rupture from the top, releasing reddish-brown powdery urediniospores. When conditions are suitable, secondary uredinial pustules can form outside the uredinial pustules. On the leaves, uredinial pustules may or may not have a yellow halo, and can also produce pale brown blighted spots with dark brown edges; a single blighted spot is round or nearly round, initially in a green wilted, dehydrated state, and under natural conditions does not rupture or perforate; multiple blighted spots connected together are often irregular in shape. On leaves that become pale and yellowed, the area around the uredinial pustules is green, forming green islands. Among these, symptoms with a yellow halo are the most common.
1. Implement crop rotation and stubble alteration. During the rainy season, clear ditches and drain water in vegetable fields well to prevent water accumulation in low-lying land.
2. Do not interplant late-sown cowpeas in early cowpea fields. Late cowpeas and early-sown severely diseased fields should be kept at a certain distance, and must not be tightly adjacent.
3. Plant cowpeas at a reasonable density, ensure good ventilation, and set up supports in time. Do a good job of cleaning the vegetable garden, and after harvest remove diseased leaves thoroughly and burn them in a centralized manner.
4. Avoid applying too much nitrogen fertilizer in the early stage.