Effective measures to prevent fruit drop in high-yield kiwifruit cultivation

With the development of cultivation techniques, kiwifruit is now available for consumption all year round, and among them, the red-fleshed ones are more expensive and taste better. Besides being eaten fresh, kiwifruit can also be processed into preserved fruit, fruit wine, and so on, and is deeply loved by consumers. Below, let us learn about how kiwifruit can achieve high yield? What are the measures to prevent fruit drop?

1. How can kiwifruit achieve high yield?

1. Moderately dense planting for orchard establishment

Traditional cultivation techniques for kiwifruit orchard establishment generally adopt a plant spacing of 3 m × 4 m or 3 m × 3 m, which shows orchard establishment in 3 years and entry into full fruit period only after 6 years, causing a great waste of orchard space for photosynthesis and making early production difficult; while dense planting techniques adopt a plant spacing of (1-1.5) m × 4 m for orchard establishment, which shows orchard establishment in 2 years and entry into full fruit period in 4 years, with early production, high yield, and good fruit quality.

2. Reasonably train the tree shape

In the 1st year, plant 2-year-old finished seedlings according to the plant spacing requirements, then cut back at the root crown, and select one strong vigorous branch to lead onto the trellis surface. In the 2nd year, leave 1-2 main vines on each tree, lead them respectively into the space of the T-shaped trellis, so that the fruiting branches cover the trellis surface and begin to bear fruit. In the 3rd year, select and retain 3-5 fruiting mother branches, leave 7-8 buds on each fruiting mother branch, and leave 3-4 fruits on each bud, and the yield per mu can reach about 1000 kg. In the 4th year, leave 7-8 fruiting mother branches per tree, leave 7-8 buds on each fruiting mother branch, and leave 3-4 fruits on each fruiting branch, that is, leave 25000 fruits per mu, and calculating each fruit at 100 g, the whole orchard yield can reach 2500-3000 kg. Thereafter, repeat this every year, and the full fruit period can last more than 20 years.

3. Strengthen soil, fertilizer, and water management techniques

Dense planting for high-yield orchard establishment must ensure high fertilizer and water levels to obtain ideal results. Generally, in autumn and winter each year, apply about 1000 kg of farmyard manure per mu, and spring topdressing is carried out according to the original fertilizer application rate for trees in the full fruit period. In terms of irrigation, it is necessary to ensure good irrigation for bud sprouting and fruit swelling, and irrigate once every 7-10 days to ensure the normal growth and development of kiwifruit. Plant green manure crops (clover, hairy vetch) in the orchard all year round, and in autumn and winter, incorporate them into the orchard as green manure together with deep plowing.

2. What are the measures to prevent kiwifruit fruit drop?

1. Scientific pollination

First, rationally arrange pollinator trees, with 81 being suitable, and the wrong practice of fruit growers reducing the proportion of pollinator trees must be changed; second, farmers should not store pollen for a long time (1 year), as the mixed pollen collected by fruit growers has very low purity and cannot be sealed, and during long-term storage, it cannot remain dry, and in addition the temperature cannot be kept stably below minus 18 degrees C, so it is recommended not to store it; third, during the pollen collection process, do not expose it to the sun, and do not exceed 28 degrees C; fourth, do not use a blender or grinding trough to crush anthers to obtain pollen.

2. Strengthen water management during the flowering period

First, maintain reasonable soil moisture, keeping soil water content above 65% of the maximum field water-holding capacity; second, grow grass in the orchard to improve the field microclimate, increase orchard humidity, and keep the orchard air relative humidity above 55%.

3. Actively respond to adverse weather

Pay attention to weather forecasts, and before low temperatures arrive, spray amino acids, oligosaccharides, or antifreeze agents to improve tree resistance. If low temperatures are encountered during the flowering period, if it is the early flowering stage, irrigation can be carried out to delay flowering, so that the full flowering stage avoids the low temperatures, which can reduce losses; if the temperature is very low, before frost and ice arrive, artificial smoke can be used to prevent freezing damage; if it has entered the late flowering stage, whether to take measures can be decided according to the earlier pollination situation; before high-temperature weather arrives, irrigate once thoroughly before flowering, and if no irrigation has been carried out, when high temperatures are encountered during the flowering period, sprinkler irrigation or drip irrigation facilities can be used to spray water, or a small amount of water can be irrigated at night or in the early morning to prevent excessive changes in soil temperature from causing flower drop.