Flax Planting Season and Planting Methods: 2020 Production Technical Guidance
Flax is an oilseed crop, also known as juzheng, fangjing, youma, and zhima, and it is grown in provinces such as Sanxi, Gansu, and Ningxia in China.So in what season is flax planted? How is it planted? What are the 2020 flax production technical guidance points?Let's take a look below!
1. In what season is flax planted?
Flax is generally planted in spring. It is best to sow when the soil temperature is stably at 7-7.5°C, the soil moisture content is not lower than 20%, and the time is from late April to early May.
2. How is flax planted? 2020 flax production technical guidance
Flax is one of the main oilseed crops and cash crops in the cold and arid highland areas of northwest and north China. This year, heat conditions and soil moisture in northern regions are relatively good, which is conducive to sowing flax at the right time with sufficient soil moisture. At present, flax sowing in northwest and north China has been carried out one after another. To promote stable yield and increased income of flax, the National Agricultural Technology Extension Service Center, together with the Oilseed Expert Guidance Group of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, studied and proposed the 2020 flax production technical guidance.
First, rational crop rotation and good selection of the previous crop. Continuous cropping and cropping on the previous crop's stubble can easily cause aggravation of diseases such as flax wilt, massive accumulation of weed seeds, and serious nutrient imbalance. Therefore, flax should generally be grown in a rotation of more than 3 years, and it is suitable to rotate with wheat, corn, potato, legumes, green manure crops, etc.; fields with severe occurrence of wilt require a longer rotation interval, generally more than 5 years.
Second, prepare the land early and sow at the right time. When the soil thaws 3-5 cm, plow, level, harrow, and rake in time, and apply sufficient base fertilizer in combination with land preparation. According to the natural ecological and production conditions of each area, select improved varieties with a suitable maturity period, high resistance to wilt, strong stress resistance, and passed national variety registration. In northwest China, the sowing period is generally suitable from late March to early April, and in north China from mid-to-late April to early May.
Third, adapt measures to local conditions and use supporting techniques. In the arid areas of northwest China, adopt drought-resistant and high-yield flax cultivation techniques centered on plastic film hole sowing, including new techniques such as no-till hole sowing on old film, full-film-covered soil hole sowing, ridge-film rainwater-harvesting furrow sowing, and mechanized furrow sowing beside film. In areas with sufficient heat and abundant water resources, planting techniques such as intercropping and relay intercropping can be used to improve planting benefits, mainly including flax intercropped with sunflower, flax intercropped with corn, and flax intercropped with vegetables.
Fourth, strengthen field management and fertilize scientifically. Flax fertilization is mainly base fertilizer, supplemented by topdressing, and should follow the fertilization principle of “sufficient base fertilizer and early topdressing.” For base fertilizer, apply 1000-3000 kg of farmyard manure per mu, preferably applied deeply in combination with autumn plowing; for chemical fertilizer, apply 10 kg of urea and 50 kg of superphosphate per mu, applied once as base fertilizer during pre-sowing land preparation; for seed fertilizer, it is suitable to apply 5 kg of diammonium phosphate or nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium multi-element compound fertilizer per mu. Flax topdressing should be early. It can be applied together with the first irrigation at the seedling stage or natural rainfall, applying 5-10 kg of urea per mu to promote flax growth and development. Be sure to avoid excessive or too-late topdressing to prevent excessive vegetative growth and delayed maturity. In combination with land preparation, carry out chemical weed control and soil sealing treatment, and sow only after 7-10 days; when flax plant height is 5-10 cm, spray to control broadleaf weeds and grass weeds.
Fifth, mechanized planting to improve efficiency. Mechanized sowing and harvesting are recommended to achieve full-process mechanized production. A drill seeder can be used for sowing; in plain plots, a wheat combine harvester can be appropriately adjusted for flax harvest; in small fields and hillside land, a small four-wheel tractor can be used to pull a small swather for harvesting, and after cutting and drying, threshing is carried out to improve harvest quality and efficiency.
3. What effects and functions does flax have?
1. Increase autoimmunity: It is rich in vitamin E, captures free radicals that damage human cells, can prevent damage to the integrity of cell membranes, and increases the number of antibodies.
2. Reduce fat and lower blood pressure: Blood pressure is controlled, microcirculation is improved, capillaries are dilated, and blood viscosity is reduced. It lowers blood lipids, prevents blood coagulation, reduces blood viscosity, myocardial infarction, lowers blood pressure, and prevents stroke, pulmonary embolism, etc.
3. Lower blood sugar and quench thirst: It has a certain auxiliary therapeutic effect on diabetic patients.
4. Inhibit cancer and fight tumors: Prevent the occurrence of cancer and reduce the incidence of carcinogenesis. Eliminate tumors, prevent and treat cancer, and edema caused by cancer, etc. Clean harmful substances from human blood, and prevent and treat breast cancer, colon cancer, heart disease, etc.
The above is an introduction to the planting season and planting techniques of flax. Everyone can use it as a reference, but must not blindly copy it.