What are the functions and types of nitrogen fertilizer? With usage precautions
People engaged in agricultural planting and production all know that nitrogen is a nutrient element of special significance in plant life, and nitrogen fertilizer is the fertilizer variety with the largest production and usage volume in the world's chemical fertilizer industry. So, what are the functions of nitrogen fertilizer? What types are there? With usage precautions!
I. What are the functions of nitrogen fertilizer?
Nitrogen fertilizer is a component of amino acids in plants, a component that makes up proteins, and also a component of chlorophyll, which plays a decisive role in plant photosynthesis. It plays a very important role in crop growth and can also help crops propagate. Applying nitrogen fertilizer can not only increase the yield of agricultural products, but also improve the quality of agricultural products.
II. What types of nitrogen fertilizer are there?
(1) Ammonium nitrogen fertilizer
Ammonium nitrogen fertilizer includes ammonium bicarbonate (NH4HCO3), ammonium sulfate {(NH4)2SO4}, ammonium chloride (NH4Cl), ammonia water (NH3.H2O), liquid ammonia (NH3), etc.
(2) Nitrate nitrogen fertilizer
Nitrate nitrogen fertilizer includes sodium nitrate (NaNO3), calcium nitrate {Ca(NO3)2}, ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3), etc.
(3) Ammonium nitrate nitrogen fertilizer
Ammonium nitrate nitrogen fertilizer includes ammonium nitrate, calcium ammonium nitrate, and ammonium sulfate nitrate.
(4) Amide nitrogen fertilizer
Amide nitrogen fertilizer includes urea {CO(NH2)2}, containing 46.7% N, and is the fertilizer with the highest nitrogen content among solid nitrogen fertilizers.
III. Usage precautions for nitrogen fertilizer
1. Ammonium nitrogen fertilizer should not be mixed with alkaline fertilizers
Because after mixed application, ammonia gas will be produced, reducing the fertilizer effect.
2. Nitrate nitrogen fertilizer should not be mixed with organic fertilizer
Organic fertilizer contains more organic matter, and when it encounters nitrate nitrogen fertilizer, nitrification reaction will occur under the action of denitrification, causing loss of nitrogen.
3. Nitrate nitrogen fertilizer should not be applied in fields
Under anaerobic conditions, nitrate nitrogen fertilizer is easily decomposed by denitrification, causing nitrogen loss and reducing fertilizer efficiency. In dry land, application before and after heavy rain or watering heavily after application should be prohibited.
4. Urea should not be applied by watering
After being applied to the soil, urea undergoes the action of soil microorganisms, hydrolyzes into ammonium bicarbonate, and then decomposes into ammonia and volatilizes.
5. Urea should not be placed close to seeds
Urea contains a small amount of biuret, which will affect seed germination, and when the concentration is too high, it will poison the seeds. When using urea as seed fertilizer, do not let it directly contact the seeds or control the amount of urea applied.
6. The concentration of urea used as foliar topdressing should not be too high
When used as foliar fertilizer, urea is indeed effective, but the dosage should not be increased blindly.
7. Ammonium bicarbonate should not be left on the soil surface for too long
Avoid shallow application. Ammonium bicarbonate is unstable in nature and should be covered immediately after application.
8. Ammonium sulfate should not be applied for a long time
Ammonium sulfate is an acidic fertilizer. Long-term application will increase soil acidity and destroy soil structure. When applied to alkaline soil, sulfate ions will react with calcium ions and cause soil compaction. Therefore, it should be used alternately with other nitrogen fertilizers.
In addition, no matter which kind of nitrogen fertilizer it is, it should be applied deeply. Deep application of nitrogen fertilizer can reduce losses such as direct volatilization, loss with water, and nitrification and denitrification. Deep fertilization is also beneficial to root development, enabling the roots to grow deep and expand the nutrient absorption area.