What are the common fertilizers used in flower cultivation? Detailed introduction
Choosing the right fertilizer in flower cultivation can bring good returns. Flower growers should follow the fertilizer requirements of flowers and the nature of the soil, and adopt a reasonable fertilization plan. Below are several common fertilizers used in flower cultivation.
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The content of trace elements in soil is generally sufficient for long-term use by plants. Insufficient supply of trace elements is mostly due to the lack of available amounts caused by soil conditions. Generally, the symptoms of trace element deficiency first appear on new tissues. The application of trace element fertilizers must be carried out on the basis of reliable diagnosis, and the application concentration must be carefully considered, as excessive amounts may cause side effects such as poisoning of seedlings.
Ammonium nitrate is a white crystal, easily soluble in water, with strong hygroscopicity; after absorbing water and then drying, it forms hard lumps. The ammonium nitrogen in ammonium nitrate is prone to volatilization loss, so when used as a top dressing it should be applied deeply and covered with soil. If it has already absorbed moisture and caked, it can be gently broken up with a wooden stick; do not strike it hard with an iron hammer, to avoid accidental explosion. Ammonium nitrate is combustible and can easily explode at high temperatures, so during storage and transport it must not be placed together with flammable items. When using it, do not use it as a base fertilizer, nor as a seed fertilizer, because it easily absorbs water and dissolves, sticking to seeds and affecting seed germination.
Ammonium sulfate can be used as a base fertilizer, seed fertilizer or top dressing, but in humid areas it is used as a top dressing. If applied in combination with ammonium bicarbonate, it is better to use ammonium bicarbonate as the base fertilizer and ammonium sulfate as the top dressing, which can improve fertilizer efficiency. It is not suitable for large continuous and single application, but should be applied in combination with other nitrogen fertilizer varieties.
Urea is a high-concentration solid nitrogen fertilizer, easily soluble in water. After urea is applied to the soil, it must be converted by microorganisms into ammonium bicarbonate before it can be absorbed and used by plants. Its conversion speed is related to temperature and soil moisture. Generally, it takes about one week in spring and autumn, and 2 to 3 days in summer. To prevent ammonia loss, urea should be applied deeply and covered with soil.
The product of urea conversion, ammonium bicarbonate, can make the soil solution temporarily alkaline. Therefore, when applying urea in nurseries, especially to seedlings of coniferous species, caution is needed. Urea is generally not suitable as a seed fertilizer, but can be applied as a base fertilizer and top dressing, and is especially suitable as a top dressing. If the alkalinity is too high, it has a certain toxic effect on seeds and seedlings. For foliar top dressing, spraying is suitable, and the best time to spray fertilizer is in the morning and evening when the air is moist and there is dew.
The commonly used zinc fertilizer is zinc sulfate, which is easily soluble in water. Zinc fertilizer can be used as a base fertilizer, seed fertilizer and top dressing, and can be mixed with physiologically acidic fertilizers and applied deeply near the root system. It is toxic and can be used as a pesticide. The commonly used copper fertilizer is copper sulfate, a blue crystal, easily soluble in water. Copper sulfate is used as a base fertilizer.
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