What does sexual reproduction of plants and flowers mean

Flowering plants are extremely diverse, and their propagation methods vary. They are usually divided into two categories: sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction.

Sexual propagation is the method of obtaining seedlings by sowing seeds, also known as seed propagation. The advantages of this method are that a large number of seedlings can be obtained, the seedlings grow vigorously, have well-developed root systems, a long lifespan, and strong adaptability to the environment. The method is also simple and convenient for carrying and transport. However, plants obtained by this method take a relatively long time from seedling to flowering, and most flowers do not easily maintain the excellent characteristics of the variety, and are prone to variation or degeneration. This method is mostly used for annual and biennial flowers.

In flowering plants, the stamens produce gametes called pollen, which attaches to the pistil, and the pistil contains the female gamete (ovule). Here, the female gamete is fertilized and develops into a seed. The ovary that produced the gamete then grows into a fruit, which encloses the seed. Plants can be self-pollinated or cross-pollinated.