How can fresh-keeping in flower tissue culture be done well?
The flower industry is an emerging industry in China. Against the backdrop of the rapid global rise of flowers, China's flower planting area, developed varieties, production volume, and export countries have increased year by year. At present, China has become a major flower country in the world. The flower industry integrates economic and social benefits. Over the past more than ten years, the flower industry has grown at an average annual rate of 25%, making it one of the industries with the greatest potential in the world today.
Flowers are special fresh living plant products. If handled improperly during business operations, they are prone to wilting and rotting, which leads to a decline in ornamental value. Their transportation emphasizes timeliness, professionalism, and freshness preservation. These characteristics require that flower logistics should be full-chain cold chain logistics. The characteristics of flower cold chain logistics are closely related to the product characteristics and consumption characteristics of flowers.
The so-called flower cold chain logistics refers to keeping fresh, perishable cut flowers in a low-temperature environment during all logistics stages of procurement, storage, transportation, and sales, so as to reduce spoilage and contamination losses of cut flowers during logistics.
The cold chain process in each circulation stage of flower products is a complex systematic project, including fresh flower harvesting, pre-cooling treatment, refrigerated transportation at the production area, cold storage at the trading airport, refrigerated transportation to the destination, and refrigerated transshipment at the destination. It mainly includes four stages: post-harvest fresh-keeping pre-cooling treatment, full-process refrigerated transportation, refrigerated distribution at the destination, and cold environment at the market.
A modern flower cultivation room can not only provide the most reasonable combination of climate and light factors, but can also implement heating and cooling systems, irrigation systems, automatic control systems, and more. It is not just a cold storage facility; it also involves many other types of refrigeration systems.
The two most important stages in the flower fresh-keeping process are: flower forcing (cultivation) and inhibited cultivation. These two stages appear respectively in the flower cultivation and transportation phases, and are the key to improving product quality and the fresh-keeping period. They are the artificial use of various cultivation measures to make flowers bloom at a time determined by human will outside their natural flowering period. Forcing cultivation only means that the flowering period is earlier than the natural flowering period. Inhibited cultivation means that the flowering period is later than the natural flowering period. Through these two methods, it is possible to control the time for fresh flowers to go on the market and be transported, promote modern fresh flower production, and ensure a certain transportation cycle.
A fresh flower preservation warehouse in the modern sense not only needs to have the ability to provide low temperatures, but also needs to have multiple functions such as heating, light control, and humidity control. It is a useful tool for simulating the flower growth environment and a basic facility for flowering period regulation. It appears in all stages such as flower bulb cultivation, flower cultivation, storage, transportation, and sales. It is a very important piece of equipment for modern flower producers in production and sales. Cold storage can not only store the bulbs of bulbous flowers in mid-autumn, but can also allow most bulbous flowers originally grown in temperate regions to be moved to the south for planting, providing the most basic guarantee for the flowering environment. In order to further extend the storage cycle of flowers, controlled atmosphere storage methods can also be used to extend the fresh-keeping storage period of flowers.
In addition to attention during the storage period, the cold chain transportation of flowers also requires attention.