Edible Mushroom Cultivation Techniques and Common Flower Pest and Disease Control Methods
Flower production is a relatively intensive industry. Beautiful flowers lift people's spirits, but if you are not careful, they are often attacked by pests and diseases. Below are several control methods for common flower pests and diseases, for reference only.
Fusarium wilt is one of the most damaging diseases of flowers and plants. During germination, the fungus lives in the soil. This pathogen exists everywhere in the world, and the possibility of completely eliminating it is very small. Therefore, seedbeds, seedling trays, substrates, fillers and mixing tools, as well as all places that come into contact with soil materials during handling, must be kept clean so that the fungus has nowhere to hide.
The conditions under which Fusarium wilt occurs include the following: (1) Before the seeds germinate, if the substrate moisture is too high and the sowing density is relatively large, a substrate temperature and moisture that are relatively moderate will prompt the seeds to germinate quickly, promote the rapid development of seedlings, and reduce the incidence of Fusarium wilt.
Fusarium wilt rarely destroys all the seedlings in an entire seedbed. In seedbeds and seedling trays sown by hand, infection mainly occurs in patches. In seedbeds sown in rows, the entire seedbed is often destroyed. Once Fusarium wilt occurs, most people rush to drench the affected seedbed with insecticide; however, insecticides cannot effectively kill the fungus in the substrate, nor will root rot be completely cured, and the fungus will still survive in the seedling tray. When Fusarium wilt continues to develop, it is best to pull up all the seedlings, dump out the substrate in the seedling tray and disinfect it, replace it with new sterilized substrate, and then sow again. If Fusarium wilt becomes a recurring disease, consider buying seeds that have already been treated with fungicide when purchasing seeds. Doing so can protect the seeds from fungal infection during sprouting and early growth.
Gray mold Botrytis cinerea can actually be found wherever there are flowers and plants, and it can cause gray mold.
Dormant Botrytis cinerea can be found on the surface of seeds and on grown seedlings. Sometimes it lies dormant in crop residues and dead leaves, and at any time develops onto flowers that are about to finish blooming, spreading and destroying plant tissues. To control gray mold in flowers and plants, good sanitation and disease prevention work must be done. Because crop residues and dead leaves are the nutrient source on which the fungus depends for survival, removing residues and dead leaves and dying tissues will reduce the overall number of fungal spores growing. A relatively effective method for controlling gray mold is to lower indoor humidity every morning and strengthen ventilation before the sun sets. After ventilating, heat and raise the temperature to maintain air circulation around the crop canopy. Fungicides for controlling gray mold in many kinds of flowers and plants are available on the market. It should be noted that gray mold has developed resistance to several major systemic fungicides, such as:
Prodione, Chipco26019, Vinclozolin, Otnalin, thiopharate, methyl, Domain, FL, Topsin, M, Cleary5336. Choosing an effective insecticide, strictly controlling indoor humidity, and doing good disinfection and sanitation work - the combined application of these three is the best method for controlling and preventing gray mold.