Wheat integrated technology can provide multiple services
Original title: Wheat integrated technology can now be "customized"
Targeting the needs of different production entities: light, simple, easy to learn, water-saving and efficiency-enhancing
This event showcased 7 supporting technologies provided by the wheat green yield and efficiency enhancement technology integration model research and demonstration project team for two production organization models: family farms-cooperatives and grain enterprise contract purchasing (online illustration: Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences)
This summer, some wheat growers in Xinxiang, Henan, will again welcome a new harvest. Unlike previous years, this year's harvest will be credited to the "customized" technology provided by agricultural experts. What is customized is not a single technology, but integrated technology for green, high-yield and high-efficiency production.
Recently, reporters learned at the "Wheat Green Yield and Efficiency Enhancement Technology Integration Innovation On-site Observation Event" held in Xinxiang City that since last year, the Institute of Crop Sciences of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, together with the Wheat Research Institute of the Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences and many other units, has, according to the needs of new production organizations, integrated and demonstrated in Xinxiang the technical models needed by different production organizations under three organizational forms: government organization, farmer cooperatives and professional farmers. Initial results are now showing, and the wheat planted in the demonstration base is about to achieve a bumper harvest.
Fan Haibao, a farmer from Chenbao Village, Dakuai Town, Fengquan District, is the owner of Sanxing Family Farm. This year, the 3,000 mu of wheat he planted all used 7 integrated technologies provided by wheat experts, including new variety breeding, water-saving irrigation, full-process mechanization, and unified prevention and control of pests and diseases. The expected yield per mu can reach 500 kg, at least 50 kg more than last year. He told reporters: "In the past, our wheat production required at least three irrigations. After applying the integrated technology, we irrigate one time less, spray pesticide one time less, and save at least 40 cubic meters of water. By using mechanical compaction on the land, the soil moisture condition has also improved. By rough calculation, at least 30-50 yuan in cost can be saved per mu."
"The adoption of integrated technology has changed traditional fertilization and irrigation methods, greatly improved the efficiency of water and fertilizer use, and achieved the effects of 'high efficiency, cost saving and water saving.' Now, through the core demonstration field of Sanxing Family Farm, we are driving 12,000 mu of wheat of Luye Farmer Cooperative to achieve good varieties with good methods and increase both yield and income," added Hu Lin, a researcher at the Wheat Research Institute of the Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, who has long provided technical guidance to Fan Haibao.
It is understood that the wheat planted by Sanxing Family Farm is ultimately mainly used for seed production, so ensuring the quality of wheat seeds and reducing production costs are the main factors considered by experts in customizing the integrated technology. In contrast, the wheat of some other cooperatives is sold to processing enterprises through contract production for wheat processing, so in technology customization it is more necessary to highlight and ensure wheat quality.
In Jitun Town, Huixian City, Xinxiang City, Wufeng Grain Cooperative signed a contract with surrounding farmers for the high-quality and preferential-price purchase of 30,000 mu of Xinmai 26 wheat. Chairman Sun Shaochen told reporters: "Based on the nutritional needs of strong-gluten wheat, agricultural experts specially provided our cooperative with integrated technologies for high-quality wheat production, including fine land preparation, standardized sowing, water-saving irrigation, soil testing and formulated fertilization, and postponing nitrogen fertilizer application. The results are very good." Sun Shaochen said that this year the expected recovery price of wheat is 0.4 yuan/kg higher than the market price, and with this alone farmers can increase income by 1.28 million yuan.
"Now, the development of China's wheat industry needs to pay more attention to how to enhance competitiveness. Through technology integration, condensing the core key technologies of the whole chain from planting to harvest, achieving water saving and grain security and environmental friendliness, this is the direction of our future wheat industry development. Now, the green yield enhancement model we are promoting is oriented toward new agricultural production organization forms. By accelerating the integration and commercialization of the latest wheat science and technology, it provides scientific and technological support for the current transformation of agricultural production models, and it is very feasible," Xiao Shihua, chief scientist of the National Wheat Industry Technology System and a researcher at the Institute of Crop Sciences of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, told reporters.
"According to the requirements of different growers, customizing and assembling green, high-yield and high-efficiency technologies has changed the past model of discussing technology for technology's sake in wheat production. It is both an innovation and in line with the needs of supply-side structural reform." Xu Weigang, a researcher at the Wheat Research Institute of the Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, believes that the three integrated models tested and demonstrated in Xinxiang are all light and simplified supporting technologies, providing directly practical technical models for the development of wheat production across the country.
Chen Mengshan, Party secretary of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, also fully affirmed the wheat green yield enhancement model. He suggested that in the future it is necessary to continue relying on scientific and technological innovation to ensure the sustainable and stable development of the wheat industry and accelerate the promotion of high-quality varieties; at the same time, it is also necessary to increase collaborative innovation and integrated innovation, form an aircraft carrier for national wheat scientific research, continuously explore and establish models of high-yield and high-efficiency technology, and comprehensively enhance the competitiveness of China's wheat. (Our reporter Wu Pei)