How can the cultivation of Chinese medicinal herbs open up new paths to prosperity?

Gastrodia

Gastrodia is a perennial herbaceous plant of the Orchidaceae family, and its growth and development require specific environmental conditions and material foundations. Its growth and development must rely on Armillaria mellea as its "food." Without Armillaria mellea supplying "nutrition," the gastrodia corm will wither from starvation and die out within 2-3 years. Therefore, the prerequisite for artificial cultivation of gastrodia is to first cultivate good Armillaria mellea spawn and inoculated wood.

Gastrodia cultivation conditions: it can be grown in idle indoor spaces, on balconies, in basements, as well as in courtyards, under forest canopies, beneath grape trellises and under various flowering and ornamental trees. Gastrodia cultivation takes up little space: depending on the materials, the boxes can be large or small, allowing multi-layered vertical cultivation. It is also easy to manage, and one laborer can manage more than 2000 boxes or even more. In addition, the asexual propagation method traditionally used in gastrodia production has the problem of declining yields year by year and deteriorating quality. From a long-term perspective, sexual hybrid seeds should be promoted to achieve ideal cultivation returns.

Gastrodia does not need light conditions; it only needs suitable temperature, humidity and other environmental conditions. The cultivation forms are diverse, and it can be grown in cities, rural areas, indoors, outdoors, above ground and below ground.

Codonopsis

Codonopsis is a perennial herbaceous plant of the Campanulaceae family. Its medicinal part is the rhizome, and it has the effects of tonifying the middle and replenishing qi, promoting fluid production and relieving cough. It is popularly known as "little ginseng." In the national Chinese medicinal herb market, it is a major bulk medicinal material and is exported year-round. Codonopsis is in large annual demand. Due to reduced planting area in previous years and drought in production areas, among other reasons, production has declined, while market inventories are empty and supply falls short of demand, causing prices to keep rising.

Codonopsis prefers a cool and moist environment, and even more so, loose soil conditions. During the peak growing season, codonopsis seedlings can elongate by 30 cm per day. At this time, attention should be paid to spraying paclobutrazol for control. If there is no time to apply the pesticide, choose a sunny morning to cut off a large portion of the vines to favor root growth. During the rainy season, care should be taken not to let water accumulate in the field; prolonged water accumulation will damage the rhizome and reduce quality and yield.

Codonopsis is planted before the ground freezes or in spring. Because the seeds are very small, when preparing the land and making beds, level it and rake it fine, sow in rows, and just cover the seeds firmly. Push over it once with a large hoe, and water heavily. If the seeds are mixed with wet sand before sowing and left for a few days, the seedlings will emerge earlier and more uniformly. Codonopsis is harvested after 1 or 2 years of growth, using 1.5-2 kg of seed per mu. During the growing process there are basically no pests or diseases. After the autumn of the same year or the autumn of the following year, when the leaves turn yellow and withered, cut off the aboveground part, then dig up the rhizome, dry it in the sun, tie it into small bundles, and it is ready for sale.

Scutellaria baicalensis

Scutellaria baicalensis is a perennial herbaceous plant of the Lamiaceae family. Its medicinal part is the rhizome, and it is a commonly used bulk Chinese medicinal herb variety. It has the effects of clearing heat, drying dampness, calming the fetus and cooling the blood. Also known as "golden tea," it is used to make tea, and has the functions of cooling and reducing internal heat, reducing inflammation and relieving summer heat. Scutellaria baicalensis is distributed throughout various regions of China. As wild sources of Scutellaria baicalensis gradually decrease and the price of wild supplies has continued to rise for several consecutive years, cultivated Scutellaria baicalensis has begun to be greatly welcomed by the market.

When planting Scutellaria baicalensis in plain areas, sandy or semi-sandy soil is best for site selection, and corresponding water conservancy conditions are needed. Apply sufficient base fertilizer, deep plow, and then make beds. Whether winter sowing, spring sowing or summer sowing, about 2 kg of seed is used per mu. Adopt flat-bed wide-row drilling, like planting cabbage, though it is much simpler than planting cabbage. Water after sowing; in rainy weather, watering can be postponed. As long as the seedlings emerge, they will not die from drought; their endurance is very strong. Scutellaria baicalensis has strong adaptability and is not afraid of severe cold or drought. It can grow on barren hills and slopes, in forests and in wild fields. In some places, Scutellaria baicalensis seeds are broadcast on sandy beaches, and in other places they are broadcast on hillsides, both successfully, with benefits seen. We might as well learn from them. In arid regions, plant during the rainy season and use a bit more Scutellaria baicalensis seed; the success rate is very high.

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