Interpretation of Strategic Opportunities for the Future Development of China's Agriculture
At present, all parts of the country are accelerating the structural reform of the agricultural supply side. In essence, this is about promoting the leapfrog development of China's traditional agriculture toward modern agriculture. To this end, centering on the main thread of building modern agriculture, the author puts forward his own ideas and outlook on the characteristics, direction and strategic opportunities of China's future agricultural development.
Characteristics of Future Agriculture
Characteristics of future agriculture. (1) Sustainability. Sustainable development is the most essential requirement of modern agriculture. Sustainable agricultural development has three basic characteristics: First, the scale of agricultural production is coordinated with the carrying capacity of resources. Second, the interests of the entities in the agricultural industry chain are optimized, the interest linkage mechanism is reasonable, and agriculture-related parties show a development trend of interrelated growth. Third, innovation in the modern agricultural industrial system becomes possible. (2) Multifunctionality and industrial integration. The multifunctionality of agriculture leads the innovative development of diversified modern agricultural industries and creates conditions for the integration of modern agricultural industries. (3) High-quality, safe food and eco-friendliness. The primary function of modern agriculture is to produce and provide safe, high-quality agricultural products and to supply high-quality resources for the development of other industries. This is the main function of agriculture as an industry. (4) High efficiency. In a broad sense, agricultural high efficiency includes two aspects: efficient use of agricultural biological energy, and highly efficient returns on agricultural production inputs. Modern agriculture requires that the comparative returns of the agricultural industry show a continuously growing development trend. This is the internal driving force for the sustainable development of China's modern agriculture. (5) Armed with modern science and technology. First, modern equipment is widely applied. Second, modern agriculture becomes an important industrial carrier for the application of modern technological achievements. Third, modern management methods are used to develop modern agriculture. (6) Competitiveness. The comprehensive competitiveness of modern agriculture is mainly manifested in: First, a foundation of high-quality industrial resources such as germplasm resources, production conditions, and so on. Second, a strong capacity to manufacture high-quality products. Third, a full capacity to occupy the market, efficiently meet market needs, and lead the market in the future. Fourth, brand influence and scientific and technological innovation capacity become important supports for competitiveness.
Future trends in modern agricultural development. (1) Marketization. (2) Intelligentization. (3) Globalization. (4) Industrialization. (5) Regionalization. (6) Ecological circulation. (7) Integration.
Seizing Development Opportunities Through Innovation
(1) Promote resource innovation and build diversified, leading, high-end agriculture. First, innovate germplasm resources. Use molecular technology and other "high-grade, precision and advanced" technical means to carry out innovation in germplasm resources. Second, centering on the development needs of diversified agricultural industries, give play to the multifunctional characteristics of agriculture and innovate new agricultural industrial resources, such as innovation in agricultural tourism resources, innovation in agricultural industrial raw material resources, and so on. Third, innovate production condition resources. Fourth, innovate regional market resources. This mainly means doing a good job in brand leadership, building comprehensive service platforms, and building the capacity to create and disseminate consumer hot topics.
(2) Promote product innovation and build modern market-oriented agriculture. The starting point of agricultural product innovation is: to promote the transformation of products in the form of agricultural raw materials into commercialized agricultural products, and at the same time, carry out product research and development innovation oriented to the diversified needs of regional markets. In accordance with multi-industry integrated development, innovate diversified products and create a product system combining tangible products with intangible products.
(3) Promote marketing innovation and create regional market service complexes. Change the traditional wholesale market model dominated by small farmers, and create a market model with modern comprehensiveness and a combination of e-commerce and traditional stores. Oriented to global regional markets, create a marketing system that combines online and offline, fixed and mobile, and large merchants and micro merchants. Change the single model of self-production and self-sales, and create comprehensive, window-style, service-oriented sales consortiums. Promote innovation in experiential marketing.
(4) Promote market innovation and build a modern agricultural market. First, promote the construction of a unified market system integrated across the country. Second, innovate market functions and fully give play to the service functions of the market. Third, transform local markets into regional markets. Fourth, in accordance with the new situation of current agricultural business entities and market changes, combine with the internet to create distinctive modern new markets.
Seizing Development Opportunities Through Transformation and Upgrading
Transformation and upgrading is a major strategic choice for China's traditional agriculture to move toward modern agriculture.
(1) Seize new opportunities in transformation. First, seek new regional markets. Second, seek new demographic markets. Third, seek time-related and other seasonal markets.
(2) Lead new development in upgrading. First, focus on product innovation, embodying "famous, special, excellent, new and novel" qualities, and focus on nutrition and function; second, focus on high-end and premium product positioning; third, organically combine product operations with knowledge dissemination, and product consumption with experiential consumption.
(3) Do three things well. In essence, for a region or an agricultural enterprise to truly achieve transformation and upgrading, it must determine the service targets, analyze the needs of those targets, and do a good job in resource allocation and strategic layout.
Seizing Development Opportunities Through Openness and Innovation
(1) Openness means jumping out. (1) Jump out of the local area. Change local positioning to regional positioning; to realize the transformation from a local market to a regional market, one must jump out of the local area and move toward the region. (2) Jump out of the home country. Change the positioning of the home-country market to a global market positioning. (3) Jump out of agriculture. First, jump out of traditional agriculture; innovating modern agriculture in accordance with an industrial approach is an inevitable requirement of future agricultural development. Second, jump out of traditional agricultural products. Realize the commercialization and productization of agricultural products. Third, jump out of the single industrial function. Forming diversified industrial forms is the main characteristic of modern agriculture. (4) Exchange and cooperation. From the perspective of agriculture and the external environment, it is necessary to promote cooperation between agriculture and related industries. From within agriculture, centering on the entire industry chain, innovate an industrialization model based on a reasonable interest linkage mechanism.
(2) Innovation means change. First, change development concepts. Without modernization of concepts, there can be no modernization of agriculture, and it will be impossible to build modern agriculture. Second, innovate business methods. Change one household doing everything into cooperative operations, change self-production and self-sales into a division of labor between production and sales, change a single industry into cluster innovation, change experience-based agriculture into technology-based agriculture, change traditional stores into "online + offline," and so on. These are all inevitable innovation directions for future agricultural development.
Seizing Development Opportunities in the Implementation of New Policies
(1) Adjust the structure.
First, adjust toward premium agriculture. Organic, ecological and functional agricultural products are the product form of premium agriculture. Second, adjust toward high efficiency. Farmers improve their income-increasing capacity by developing modern agriculture, and enterprises enhance their profitability and develop rapidly by developing modern agriculture. Third, adjust toward sustainable development. Through developing modern agriculture, promote the development of rural undertakings, improve and optimize the ecological environment, and promote the improvement of comprehensive agricultural production capacity. Fourth, adjust toward market-oriented agricultural development. Establish a new type of agricultural industrialized operation model oriented to market demand and combining supply and demand. Fifth, adjust toward the direction of satisfying and leading market demand. Sixth, adjust toward the direction of promoting coordinated development between regions and the national economy.
(2) Shore up weak links.
Adjusting the structure and shoring up weak links are concrete measures to promote the transformation of traditional agriculture into modern agriculture.
Weak links are restrictive factors affecting the overall development of society and the economy. There are three perspectives for understanding the weak links in agricultural development: First, grasp the weak links in agricultural development from the overall requirements of China's goal of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects. Second, grasp the weak links from the requirements of agriculture's own capacity for sustainable development. Third, grasp the weak links from the target orientation of agricultural industry development.
At present, the weak links in agricultural development are mainly manifested as follows: First, relying only on developing traditional agriculture makes it slow for farmers to increase income. To solve the difficulty of slow income growth for farmers, it is necessary to take improving farmers' income-increasing capacity as the starting point and foothold, improve farmers' earning capacity by developing high-efficiency agriculture, and at the same time, by vigorously developing new industries, broaden income channels for farmers and create conditions for raising farmers' incomes. Second, production and living infrastructure is relatively lagging. By raising the level of rural infrastructure, enhance the service and support capacity for meeting farmers' living needs and the operation of new industries, thereby raising the overall level of rural social and economic development. Third, the quality of comprehensive agricultural production conditions is declining. Starting from comprehensive agricultural production capacity, strengthen the improvement of natural conditions, optimize the natural agricultural ecology, and enhance the capacity to create comprehensive agricultural value.
(3) Supply-side innovation.
1. It is necessary to create new demand. First, adapt to new demand. With the improvement of people's living standards, healthier, more nutritious and more functional needs are becoming the mainstream of consumption, and people long for ecological, organic and functional nutritional products. With the rapid development of the internet, people's consumption behavior and methods are also changing. The combination with consumer experience and cultural consumption is overturning traditional consumption concepts and models. Adapting to these new demands is the premise for creating new demand. Second, lead future demand. Leading is oriented toward the future and is a process of development that promotes the gradual transformation of potential demand into real demand. The key to leading future demand is to accurately grasp the direction of future demand, carry out product research and development, and do a good job in disseminating product knowledge. 2. It is necessary to create new supply. The purpose of creating supply is to create a product supply mechanism that sustainably and continuously meets market demand. This is mainly done by providing diversified product services to consumers through innovative means. 3. It is necessary to innovate the forms through which supply meets demand. First, ensure that supply is relatively effective supply. All agricultural product production must be oriented to market demand, and the agricultural industry is market-oriented agriculture. Second, innovate consumers. Guide consumers to extend from a single consumption link to links across the entire agricultural industry chain, and organize and encourage traditional consumers to participate in agricultural production, participate in the management and control of agricultural production links, and participate in the evaluation of end products. Third, create interactive platforms. Creating online interactive platforms is about minimizing the supply-demand black hole, accurately grasping market demand, and disseminating and leading the future market. At present, the creation of internet and WeChat communication is an effective form of supply-demand interaction.
(Author's affiliation: Agricultural Research Center of the Ministry of Agriculture)