Quality wheat varieties enter the Beijing suburbs, farmers use good wheat seed
?To solve the problems of variety degradation in the main wheat cultivars grown in the Beijing suburbs, serious cultivar mixing in production fields, and stagnant yields, the Beijing Seed Management Station has implemented the "Wheat Variety Renewal Project" in recent years, actively carrying out work in many areas such as the introduction and screening of new wheat varieties, display and demonstration, quality seed breeding, and publicity and promotion.
According to the wheat production needs of Beijing, the principle of "giving consideration to both high-yield varieties and quality varieties, and to both high water and fertilizer varieties and water-saving varieties" has been adhered to in seed introduction work, actively introducing newly bred fine wheat varieties of various types. These varieties mainly come from the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China Agricultural University and other agricultural research institutes and universities in Beijing, as well as seed enterprises in Beijing and breeding units in other provinces, representing the most advanced wheat breeding level in Beijing and even the northern winter wheat region.
For the introduced varieties, the station has carried out multi-year, multi-site regional trials to fully identify the excellent traits of new varieties. In order to improve the accuracy of trial results and ensure that the screened varieties are safe and reliable in production application, the Municipal Seed Management Station has achieved scientific design, scientific operation, scientific analysis and scientific management in the trials.
In order to accelerate the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, the project team actively carried out the display of new varieties. The displayed varieties not only included the leading varieties of this wheat variety renewal, but also included the latest varieties approved by the state and Beijing, as well as promising varieties in regional trials. The display sites were arranged not only at the trial and display bases of seed management stations in major wheat production areas such as Tongzhou, Fangshan, Daxing and Shunyi, but also at the trial base of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and the Beijing Crop Variety Trial and Display Base, where visitor traffic is relatively large. The display of new varieties not only built a fair and just platform for breeding units to display their achievements, but also built a platform for enterprises and farmers to independently choose fine varieties, accelerating the speed of transforming agricultural scientific and technological achievements.
Breeding sufficient quality wheat seed is an important guarantee for the smooth implementation of wheat variety renewal. During the implementation of the project, measures such as "reasonably arranging the quantity of seed breeding, strictly standardizing seed production technology, and strengthening seed quality control" were adopted, ensuring that the seed supply for wheat variety renewal in the Beijing suburbs was of good quality and sufficient quantity. The Beijing Seed Management Station, according to the wheat production area of each district and the operating conditions of seed enterprises, formulated a citywide wheat seed breeding plan, broke down tasks, implemented seed field areas, and ensured the quantity of wheat seed production.
Through the implementation of the project, a batch of new wheat varieties were screened and promoted, forming a new pattern with high-yield and stable-yield varieties such as "Zhongmai 175", "Nongda 211", "Jing 9843" and "Lunxuan 987" as the main cultivars, and water-saving varieties such as "Nongda 212", "Nongda 3432" and "Zhongmai 12" as well as quality varieties such as "Zhongyou 206", "Jinghua No. 9" and "Yannong 19" as the main accompanying varieties, realizing the renewal of wheat varieties in the Beijing suburbs and optimizing the layout of wheat varieties there.
Through the implementation of the project, wheat production fully replaced with new varieties meeting quality standards, improved the varietal purity of wheat production fields, solved the problem of cultivar mixing that has plagued wheat production in Beijing in recent years, beautified the farmland landscape of Beijing, and is of great significance for promoting the development of urban agriculture.
During the implementation of the project, the project team strengthened quality seed breeding work. On the basis of ensuring wheat production seed use in Beijing, it realized seed export sales, and by strengthening supervision, ensured the quality of exported seed, improved the reputation of Beijing seed enterprises, promoted the development of Beijing's wheat seed industry, and laid the foundation for building a capital of the seed industry.