Technology helps turn straw waste into treasure, effectively solving the pollution problem
??? Every summer and autumn, the burning of straw after crop harvest once became an important source of smog pollution. Chen Wenfu, academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and professor at Shenyang Agricultural University, led his team to develop a small movable combined "carbonization furnace" that carbonizes straw and returns it to the field, which not only increases crop yields but also effectively solves the pollution problem, turning straw waste into treasure.
Recently, at the Jinhefu Agricultural Development Co., Ltd. in Xiuyan Manchu Autonomous County, Liaoning Province, reporters saw that corn straw was cut and carbonized into black carbonized fertilizer, which was bagged, loaded onto trucks and transported to local fertilizer sales outlets. This enterprise is a doctoral workstation of Shenyang Agricultural University and can produce 100 tons of carbon-based fertilizer per day, including corn fertilizer, peanut fertilizer and others. Because of its strong fertility and low price, demand exceeds supply.
"After farmers harvest crops, the straw can be sold for money, and the use of biochar fertilizer can increase yields, achieving two benefits at once," said Chen Wenfu. Shenyang Agricultural University established the province's first biochar engineering technology research and development center, set up 4 pilot areas in Faku, Zhangwu, Xiuyan and Liaozhong, and carried out demonstrations of carbon-based products in many places.
Chen Wenfu said that in the past, straw carbonization equipment was relatively large and required substantial infrastructure investment. Because the cost of straw transportation was relatively high, it was difficult to collect and process it centrally. Now that this equipment has been successfully developed, it has changed "centralized carbonization" into "decentralized carbonization," solving this problem. In addition, the Biochar Engineering Technology Research Center uses biochar to develop a variety of carbon-based slow-release fertilizers and soil amendments for return to the field, which can increase crop yields by 10% while reducing nitrogen fertilizer input by 20%.
During the "13th Five-Year Plan" period, Liaoning Province will further improve the utilization rates of straw as fertilizer, feed, fuel, substrate and raw material; encourage the development of straw biomass power generation projects, and encourage the development of new building materials, panels, packaging materials, ethanol, starch, carbon production and other industries that use straw as the main raw material.
Liaoning Province will use 3 years to carry out the construction of a straw collection, storage and transportation system. According to the principle of nearby and local utilization, appropriate field plots and sites will be reserved within a reasonable radius of straw-producing areas for building straw collection and storage points, and large straw collection and storage households and straw brokers will be effectively connected with straw utilization enterprises. From 2016 to 2018, Liaoning Province will build 100 straw collection and storage points and 10 straw collection and storage centers each year.
(Xinhua News Agency)