Companion and antagonistic plants: there's a science to it, and these plants can't be grown together

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When two kinds of plants are grown together, some interesting phenomena often appear: some get along peacefully and thrive together; others are like sworn enemies, and in the end either one side suffers or both are damaged.

Once you understand the ways plants help and hinder each other, you won't need to worry when planning a garden's plant arrangement. That way, the plants' survival rate is very high, and the garden plant arrangement is more scientific. The plant companion and antagonistic combinations listed below can serve as a reference for you.

Companion combinations

Calendula planted together with Chinese rose can effectively control soil nematodes and make the Chinese rose grow vigorously.

Grapes planted together with violets produce grapes with a stronger fragrance.

Interplanting tree peonies and Chinese peonies can noticeably promote the growth of tree peonies, making them branch abundantly with lush foliage and large, vividly colored flowers.

Tree peony

Rose

Red-twig dogwood and maple, elderberry and spruce, walnut and hawthorn, and chestnut and Chinese pine can mutually promote each other's growth.

Lilies and roses grown together or placed together in a vase can extend the flowering period.

Lily

Putting camellias, sasanqua camellias, red-flowered oil camellias and the like together with camellia seeds can noticeably reduce mold disease.

Growing amaryllis with night-blooming jasmine, camellia with red rain lily, pomegranate flower with purslane, Hydrangea serrata with Chinese rose, and scarlet sage with pea flower together benefits both sides, while pine, poplar and Caragana together have a good effect on one another.

If nasturtium, whose flowering period is normally only one day, is placed together with cypress, its flowering period can be extended to 3 days.

The scents given off by onions and carrots can drive away each other's pests.

Goutweed, whose roots, stems and leaves all release chemical substances, when mixed-cropped with radishes, can promote radish growth.

Nasturtium

Grass-family forage grasses have many roots and can secrete organic acids that promote the formation of granular structure, which leguminous plants can use; and the root systems of leguminous plants not only help the soil form granular structure but also produce nitrogen fertilizer to promote the growth of grass-family forage grasses.

Chives can produce a strong scent that repels insects and kills bacteria, making them a good friend to many plants; for example, interplanting with cabbage can reduce cabbage's root rot.

The allicin given off by garlic can both kill bacteria and drive away pests, making it suitable for interplanting with crops such as cotton and Chinese cabbage.

Antagonistic combinations

Lilac and violet cannot be mixed-planted.

Lilac planted next to lily of the valley will immediately wither.

Lilac's fragrance also endangers the life of narcissus.

Growing lilac, violet, tulip and forget-me-not together will harm them all.

Lilac

Violet

Forget-me-not

Narcissus

Lily of the valley

Lilac, mint and laurel can secrete large amounts of aromatic substances that inhibit the ecology of neighboring plants, so it is best not to place them together with other potted flowers for long periods.

Narcissus and lily of the valley grown together will "perish together."

Growing hydrangea with jasmine, dahlia with Chinese rose, narcissus with lily of the valley, and rose with lilac together will harm both sides or one of them.

The secretions of black locust inhibit the growth of nearby flowers and trees.

The leaves and roots of walnut can secrete a substance that inhibits crabapple and other Rosa genus flowers and trees as well as many herbaceous flowers.

It is not suitable to plant fir trees around peach trees.

Grapes cannot be interplanted with small-leaf elm.

Elm cannot be interplanted with oak or white birch.

If ripe apples, bananas and the like are placed together with roses, Chinese roses, narcissus and the like that are in bloom, the ethylene released by the former will make the potted flowers fade early, thus shortening the viewing period.

Planting various flowers beside fruit trees will accelerate the fading of the flowers.

Flowers such as mint and Chinese rose that can secrete aromatic substances have a certain inhibitory effect on the ecology of nearby flowers.

Chinese juniper planted together with pears and crabapples will cause the latter to contract rust disease, leading to leaf and fruit drop.

When rose and mignonette are together, the former will crowd out the latter and make it fade, and the mignonette, before and after fading, will release a chemical substance that kills the rose.

Chinese juniper

The oleandrin and juglone secreted by the leaves, bark and roots of oleander will harm other flowers.

The secretions of elderberry's root system inhibit the growth of pine and poplar; it not only strongly inhibits pine growth but also prevents pine seeds under nearby elderberry from germinating.

Pine has antagonistic relationships with white ash, spruce, oak and white birch, and interplanting will cause pine to wither.

Cypress and orange trees are also not suitable for growing together.

The volatile oils of Chinese juniper contain ether and chloroform, which will slow the respiration of other flowers and plants, stop their growth and cause symptoms of poisoning.

Cabbage and mustard grown together will "both be damaged."

If castor bean and mustard are grown together, although the former is much thicker and stronger than the latter, the lower leaves of the former will largely turn yellow and gradually die.

If tomatoes and cucumbers are made to live in the same space, neither can grow well, resulting in reduced yield.

If cabbage and celery are interplanted, neither grows well and they may even die.

Oak

Elm

Planting cabbage in a vineyard will inhibit the growth of the grapes.

If oak and elm meet, the oak's branches will bend and grow away from the elm, striving to avoid this "bad neighbor."

With the above plant arrangements done well, the garden will be even more beautiful!

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