Wheat sowing is approaching: what should be noted in southwestern Shandong?

Summary: Winter wheat is about to be sown. What issues need attention in southwestern Shandong?

Southwestern Shandong mainly includes Heze, Jining, Zaozhuang and other places, involving 5 cities and 28 counties in total. Southwestern Shandong is an important wheat-growing region in China, accounting for about 30% of the entire wheat area of Shandong Province, including the plains of southwestern Shandong, the low-lying lakeside land and the piedmont plains. Let us first look at the climate characteristics of southwestern Shandong.

Southwestern Shandong has semi-humid climate characteristics. Spring and early summer tend to be dry, while midsummer has more rain and relatively serious flooding disasters, especially in the low-lying lakeside areas, where there is flooding almost every year. According to the climate characteristics of southwestern Shandong, when growing wheat, stress should be placed on the word "early": not only sowing appropriately early, but also choosing suitable varieties that mature at the right time.

Why should wheat in southwestern Shandong choose early-sowing varieties? Let us look at the following analysis.

Wheat sown at the appropriate time in mid-October in southwestern Shandong begins young ear differentiation in mid-November, and differentiation ends in mid-April of the following year. Late-sown varieties have a shorter young ear differentiation period and also start later, beginning differentiation only in late December. The later the sowing period, the later the differentiation time, which is very unfavorable for wheat growth.

After late-sown wheat differentiates late, heading, flowering, grain filling and so on will all be about 5 days later than early-sown wheat. If adverse climatic conditions occur in late May, when harvest is approaching, phenomena such as a decrease in thousand-grain weight caused by late-sown varieties are unavoidable.

Recommended wheat varieties for southwestern Shandong:

The first is an old variety series, the Jining series. I will mainly mention Jining 12. It is a winter wheat bred by the Jining Academy of Agricultural Sciences in 1986. After so many years of production promotion and development, it still stands firm, so it certainly has very great advantages of its own, such as moisture tolerance, saline-alkali resistance, good disease resistance, aphid resistance, resistance to dry hot wind, and stable yield. It is planted not only in southwestern Shandong, but also in northern Henan, northern Anhui, northern Jiangsu and other places.

In 2005, the average yield per unit area in Shandong Province experiments was 541 kg, 11% higher than the control Lumai 14. Sow at the appropriate time from October 5 to 10 each year. If the weather is unfavorable and dry, it can be postponed appropriately, and when sowing late, just increase the sowing rate a little.

The second is the Tainong series, taking Tainong 18 as an example. Tainong 18 is a wheat variety bred by the Ruifeng Crop Breeding Research Institute of Tai'an City, Shandong Province. It passed approval by the Shandong Provincial Crop Variety Approval Committee in 2008. In trials in southwestern Shandong in 2008 and 2009, its yield per unit area reached more than 737 kg, setting the highest yield per unit area record in southwestern Shandong at that time, fully proving the variety's yield-increasing potential.

Varieties with high yield naturally have somewhat imperfect yield stability. This variety is moderately susceptible to powdery mildew, sheath blight and leaf rust. If the planting area is one where these diseases are easily contracted, choose this variety cautiously.

The third is the Jimai series, mainly taking Jimai 22 as an example. Jimai 22 is a medium-gluten wheat variety bred by the Crop Research Institute of the Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences. It passed provincial variety approval in Shandong in 2006 and is suitable for planting in the Huaibei and Huang-Huai regions. Compared with the Tainong series, it also counts as an old variety. In variety trials from 2004 to 2006, the yield per mu was around 540 kg, and in a 2006 trial in ?zhou it reached an astonishing 727 kg. It is moderately resistant to moderately susceptible to stripe rust, moderately resistant to powdery mildew, and susceptible to leaf rust, fusarium head blight and sheath blight. It is also a high-quality choice for wheat planting in southwestern Shandong.

Good wheat varieties need suitable cultivation techniques. If timely sowing, chemical fertilization, and disease and pest prevention are done well, there will certainly be a very good harvest.

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