How to make garden potting soil? A detailed guide to seven preparation methods
There are many materials suitable for preparing potting soil. The following are the most commonly used ones at present.
1. Plain sandy soil
Mostly taken from riverbanks. It has good drainage but no fertility, and is mostly used by mixing into other potting materials to aid drainage.
Potting soil: Measuring and changing the pH of potting soil
2. Garden soil
Taken from the surface soil of vegetable gardens, orchards and similar sites. It contains a certain amount of humus and has good physical properties, and is often used as the basic material for most potting soils.
3. Leaf mold
Made by piling up fallen leaves, dry grass and the like. It has a high humus content, strong water retention and good permeability, and is one of the main materials for preparing potting soil.
4. Mountain soil
It is divided into two types: black mountain soil and yellow mountain soil. It is formed by the long-term accumulation of fallen leaves from mountain trees. Black mountain soil is acidic and contains more humus; yellow mountain soil is also acidic and contains less humus.
5. Peat soil
It is formed by the carbonization of peat moss. Due to different stages of formation, it is divided into two types: brown peat and black peat. Brown peat is rich in organic matter and shows an acidic reaction; black peat contains more minerals and less organic matter, and shows a slightly acidic or neutral reaction.
6. Rice husk ash
It is the ash formed after rice husks are burned. It is slightly alkaline, contains potassium, and has good drainage and air permeability.
7. Barnyard manure soil
It is made by piling up animal manure, fallen leaves and other materials mixed with garden soil, sewage and the like for composting, and it is fairly rich in nutrients. In addition, pond mud, river mud, coniferous soil, turf soil, rotten wood shavings, vermiculite, perlite and so on are all good materials for preparing potting soil.
When preparing potting soil, it should be handled flexibly according to the growth habits of the flowers, the properties of the potting soil materials and local conditions. For ordinary potted flowers, the commonly used potting soil ratio is leaf mold (or peat soil): garden soil: river sand: bone meal = 35:30:30:5, or leaf mold (or peat soil), plain sandy soil, decomposed organic fertilizer, superphosphate and the like mixed at 5:3.5:1:0.5, then sifted and used. The above potting soils are mostly neutral or slightly acidic and are suitable for most flowers. For growing acid-loving flowers and trees such as camellias and rhododendrons, about 0.2% sulfur powder can be mixed in; for growing flowers such as cactus, about 10% wall plaster soil fallen from lime walls can be added.
Potting soil: Homemade method for ordinary potting soil
Because various flowers have different requirements for nutrient amounts, degrees of acid and alkali tolerance, drainage and aeration, the preparation ratios also differ. The basic requirements for potting soil should follow these principles:
1. It should have nutrients in appropriate proportions, including trace elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.
2. It should be loose, with good aeration and drainage.
3. It should be free of pests, diseases and other harmful substances that endanger the growth of flowers and trees, such as insect pupae.
4. Remove debris such as grass roots and gravel, sift it and carry out general disinfection, such as exposure to sunlight or heating and steaming.
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