A Complete Guide to 50 Green Plants and Flowers: Never Fail to Identify Them Again

Green plants and flowers add a lot of happiness to our lives

Most modern people have one or two pots at home

Do you know how often these plants and flowers should be watered?

Should they be placed indoors or on the balcony?

Below is a compiled guide to green plants and flowers

Cultivation methods and precautions

You are sure to have some of them!

01. Golden Pothos (Epipremnum aureum)

Characteristics:Golden Pothos also has an extremely strong air-purifying function, earning it the reputation of a green purifier.

Cultivation method:It loves water; water it thoroughly once every three or four days. It rarely needs sun exposure; placing it in a spot with light is also fine.

02. Money Tree (Pachira aquatica)

Characteristics:The Money Tree is not only attractive but can also regulate indoor temperature and humidity, acting as a natural "humidifier." The Money Tree also carries the meaning of wealth.

Cultivation method:It does not like water; spray a small amount of water every 20 days, or pour a little water into the saucer. It cannot be exposed to the sun. If it is frequently watered thoroughly all at once, it will die, so water with caution.

03. Aloe (Aloe vera)

Characteristics:Aloe not only performs photosynthesis and releases oxygen during the day, but can also absorb indoor carbon dioxide at night, purifying the indoor air. It purifies the home environment at all times.

Cultivation method:It likes sunny, warm and humid environments and is not cold-tolerant; it likes loose, fertile soil with good drainage. In summer it needs plenty of water and frequent misting of the leaves; in other seasons control the water. In spring and autumn it likes direct light.

04. Spider Plant (Chlorophytum comosum)

Characteristics:The Spider Plant can perform photosynthesis under weak light and can absorb more than 80% of harmful gases indoors; its ability to absorb formaldehyde is extremely strong.

Cultivation method:It likes warm, semi-shady and humid environments, and requires loose, fertile soil with good drainage. The potting soil should be on the dry side; mist the leaves with clean water frequently. Keep the indoor temperature no lower than 10 degrees and it can safely overwinter.

05. Elephant Ear (Alocasia macrorrhizos)

Characteristics:It can effectively improve the home environment, purify household air and bring people a fresh feeling.

Cultivation method:Elephant Ear can only grow well in an environment no lower than 18°C. If the temperature drops below 18°C, it will enter a dormant state and stop growing.

Precautions:The sap in the stems and leaves is toxic, containing calcium oxalate, hydrocyanic acid and alkaloids. Accidental ingestion can cause numbness and swelling of the tongue and central nervous system poisoning. Skin contact can cause itching, numbness and a rash. Do not ingest it or get it into the eyes. Otherwise, there will be swelling, pain and numbness, which is very uncomfortable, and in severe cases may be life-threatening.

06. Ivy (Hedera helix)

Characteristics:It not only achieves greening and beautifying effects, but also plays a role in increasing oxygen, lowering temperature, reducing dust and reducing noise. It is one of the most widely used climbing greening plants.

Cultivation method:Ivy is simple and undemanding to cultivate and manage, but it needs to be planted in a place with moist soil and good air circulation.

07. Lucky Bamboo (Dracaena sanderiana)

Characteristics:It is not only a good decorative item, but also has a certain effect on improving the temperature, humidity and air quality of the local environment.

Cultivation method:It likes warm, humid and semi-shady environments and prefers scattered light; avoid direct sun exposure. It likes loose, fertile soil. Usually place it in a bright spot indoors, avoid direct sunlight in summer, and give it more sunlight in winter.

08. Asparagus Fern (Asparagus setaceus)

Characteristics:It can be placed in the living room or study; while purifying the air, it also adds a literary atmosphere. Its roots are used in medicine and can treat acute bronchitis, with the function of moistening the lungs and relieving cough.

Cultivation method:It likes warm, humid and semi-shady conditions and is afraid of drought; it is not cold-tolerant and likes fertilizer. It requires soil rich in humus with good drainage. Asparagus Fern is a shade-loving plant and grows well under scattered light. Keep the winter room temperature no lower than 10 degrees and it can safely overwinter.

09. Peperomia (Peperomia obtusifolia)

Characteristics:It has a certain purifying effect on formaldehyde, xylene and secondhand smoke.

Cultivation method:It likes warm, humid and semi-shady environments. The suitable growth temperature is around 25°C, and the minimum should not be lower than 10°C. It is not tolerant of high temperatures and requires relatively high air humidity; avoid direct sunlight. It likes loose, fertile and moist soil with good drainage.

10. Heavenly Bamboo (Nandina domestica)

Characteristics:Its stems grow in clusters with sparse sap and leaves; in autumn and winter the leaves turn red, and it bears red berries that do not fall for a long time. It is an excellent plant for enjoying foliage and fruit.

Cultivation method:Heavenly Bamboo likes warm and humid environments and is relatively shade-tolerant. It is also cold-tolerant. It is easy to care for.

Precautions:This species is a toxic plant included in the Chinese Plant Atlas Database. Its toxicity is that the whole plant is toxic. Symptoms of poisoning include excitement, pulse first fast then slow and irregular, decreased blood pressure, muscle spasms, respiratory paralysis, coma, etc.

11. Swiss Cheese Plant (Monstera deliciosa)

Characteristics:It has the peculiar ability to absorb carbon dioxide at night; kept in a room, it has a certain effect on purifying indoor air.

Cultivation method:It likes warm and humid environments; avoid strong light exposure and dryness. The suitable growth temperature is 20-25°C. In summer, mist frequently to maintain relatively high air humidity, and keep the leaves clean regularly to facilitate photosynthesis.

Precautions:The sap of the Swiss Cheese Plant is toxic and has an irritating and corrosive effect on the skin. Eating unripe fruit can cause burns to the mouth and tongue.

12. Peace Lily (Spathiphyllum)

Characteristics:An expert at filtering indoor waste gases, it is effective against ammonia, acetone, benzene and formaldehyde.

Cultivation method:The suitable growth temperature for the Peace Lily is 22-28°C; from March to September it is 24-30°C, and from September to March of the following year it is 18-21°C. Below 10°C, plant growth is hindered and the leaves are prone to cold damage. The Peace Lily is afraid of strong light exposure, but if the light is insufficient for a long time, it is not easy to bloom.

13. Anthurium (Anthurium andraeanum)

Characteristics:It absorbs benzene and trichloroethylene, which are harmful to the human body, from the air.

Cultivation method:Its characteristics are that it likes warmth and fears cold, likes moisture and fears drought, and likes shade and avoids sun exposure.

14. Parlor Palm (Chamaedorea elegans)

Characteristics:It can simultaneously purify benzene, trichloroethylene and formaldehyde in the air, making it a "high-efficiency air purifier" among plants.

Cultivation method:It likes warm, humid and semi-shady environments. The suitable growth temperature is 20-30 degrees; at 13 degrees it enters dormancy, and the minimum winter overwintering temperature is 3 degrees.

15. Cactus (Cactaceae)

Characteristics:Cactus respiration mostly occurs at night when it is cooler and more humid. During respiration, it takes in carbon dioxide and releases oxygen.

Cultivation method:On a windowsill, use galvanized wire and plastic film to create a closed space with high temperature and high humidity. Under such conditions, most cacti not only grow quickly but also have a crystal-clear color.

Precautions:Cactus contains toxic alkaloids; after ingestion, they act on the central nervous system and cause various hallucinations.

16. Chinese Evergreen (Aglaonema modestum)

Characteristics:It is known for its unique air-purifying ability and can absorb polluting gases such as nicotine and formaldehyde.

Cultivation method:It likes semi-shady, warm, humid and well-ventilated environments; avoid direct sunlight and waterlogging.

Precautions:Chinese Evergreen contains toxic enzymes. The sap of its stems and leaves is strongly irritating to the skin. If bitten by mistake, it can cause throat edema and even paralyze the vocal cords and cause loss of voice.

17. Inch Plant (Tradescantia zebrina)

Characteristics:It is brightly colored all year round and is a commonly seen greenhouse foliage flower, especially suitable for hanging baskets. Inch Plant has the effects of clearing heat and detoxifying, cooling blood and promoting urination.

Cultivation method:It is afraid of direct sun exposure. It can endure low temperatures of 8°C, is not cold-tolerant, and fears heat; it can grow normally above 14°C. It requires relatively high air humidity; in dry air, the leaf tips often dry and the edges scorch.

18. Areca Palm (Dypsis lutescens)

Characteristics:It can effectively remove volatile harmful substances such as benzene, trichloroethylene and formaldehyde from the air. It can keep indoor humidity at 40%-60%; especially in winter, when indoor humidity is low, it can effectively raise indoor humidity.

Cultivation method:It likes warm, humid and semi-shady environments. Its cold tolerance is not strong; below 20°C the leaves turn yellow, the minimum winter temperature needs to be above 10°C, and at around 5°C it will freeze to death.

19. Poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherrima)

Characteristics:Its blooming period coincides with Christmas, so it is also called "Christmas Red." This is a flower suitable for any blessing.

Cultivation method:It likes warm, humid and ventilated environments and is not tolerant of low temperatures. Both excessive sunlight and insufficient light are equally unfavorable to growth. During the growth period, do a good job with fertilizer and water management, pinching and topping, and other care work.

Precautions:It is slightly toxic.

20. Dieffenbachia (Dieffenbachia seguine)

Characteristics:It is suitable for potted viewing; decorating the living room or study with it is very comfortable and elegant.

Cultivation method:It prefers a warm, humid and semi-shaded environment, is not cold-tolerant, fears drought, and dislikes intense direct sunlight.

Notes:The sap of Dieffenbachia is toxic; if swallowed by mistake, it causes severe pain in the tongue and makes it impossible to speak, so caution is required. When taking cuttings, do not let the sap touch the skin, and be especially careful not to get it into the mouth, otherwise it can cause itchy, painful skin or other symptoms of poisoning. After handling, wash your hands with soap.

21. Snake Plant

Characteristics:Research shows that snake plants can absorb some harmful gases indoors and can effectively remove harmful substances such as sulfur dioxide, chlorine, ether, ethylene, carbon monoxide and nitrogen peroxide.

Cultivation method:It likes warmth and humidity, tolerates drought, and enjoys light while also tolerating shade. It is not demanding about soil, and sandy loam with good drainage is better. Its optimum growing temperature is 20-30°C, and its wintering temperature is 10°C.

22. Dracaena fragrans

Characteristics:It can effectively adsorb harmful gases such as formaldehyde and benzene indoors.

Cultivation method:It likes high temperatures and high humidity, with an optimum growing temperature of 20-30°C. In winter, when temperatures drop below 10°C, cold protection measures should be taken to prevent cold damage from drying out the leaves. Ensure good ventilation and maintain relative air humidity above 80%.

23. Umbrella Tree

Characteristics:Its leaves can absorb nicotine and other harmful substances from smoke-filled air and, through photosynthesis, convert them into harmless substances of the plant's own. In addition, it can reduce formaldehyde concentration by about 9 mg per hour.

Cultivation method:It likes a warm, humid and semi-shaded environment. The optimum growing temperature for the umbrella tree is 16-27°C. It can still grow normally under high temperatures above 30°C. In winter, the temperature should not be lower than 5°C.

24. Jade Plant

Characteristics:The jade plant's crown is upright and elegant, with emerald-green stems and leaves and white flowers borne at the tips, making it very refined and distinctive. If paired with a pot stand and gravel and made into a small bonsai, it is even more attractive when decorating a tea table or desk.

Cultivation method:It likes a warm, dry environment with plenty of sunlight. It is not cold-tolerant, fears strong light, and tolerates slight shade. In winter, the temperature should not be lower than 7°C.

25. Coleus

Characteristics:Besides being used as a small foliage plant for display, it can also be arranged in patterned flower beds and used as foliage in flower baskets and bouquets.

Cultivation method:It is a warmth-loving plant with strong adaptability. In winter, the temperature should not be lower than 10°C. In summer, provide slight shading during high temperatures. It likes ample sunlight, and sufficient light makes the leaf color vivid.

26. Peacock Plant

Characteristics:A master at removing ammonia pollution from the air (within 10 square meters it can remove 0.86 mg of formaldehyde and 2.19 mg of ammonia).

Cultivation method:It likes semi-shade, does not tolerate direct sunlight, and adapts to growing in a warm, humid environment. When cultivating, give it a certain degree of shading and keep the temperature at around 12-29°C.

27. Umbrella Plant

Characteristics:Suitable for placing on a desk or table; if paired with ornamental rocks and stones to make a small bonsai, it has a natural scenic charm.

Cultivation method:It likes warmth, humidity, ventilation and light, tolerates shade, and dislikes scorching sunlight. In a well-lit environment it tolerates semi-shade; it is not cold-tolerant. In East China, it can overwinter outdoors with slight protection. It is not demanding about soil, and fertile, slightly clayey soil is suitable.

28. Golden Flowered Century Plant

Characteristics:The plant has a neat shape, sturdy leaves and bright colors, giving a very good decorative effect.

Cultivation method:It likes a warm environment with plenty of light, with a growing temperature of 15-25°C; it is extremely drought-tolerant and requires loose, permeable soil.

29. Earth Star

Characteristics:The earth star has a regular plant shape and brilliant colors, suitable as an ornamental decoration on tabletops and windowsills, and is an excellent indoor foliage plant.

Cultivation method:It likes a high-temperature, high-humidity, semi-shaded environment, fears direct sunlight, fears waterlogging, is not drought-tolerant, and requires loose, fertile, humus-rich, well-aerated sandy soil.

30. Purple Velvet Plant

Characteristics:The purple velvet plant is known for its leaves covered in velvety down, and is a beautiful foliage plant that gives a relaxed, soft sense of beauty.

Cultivation method:It likes a warm, humid, well-lit, semi-shaded, moist and ventilated environment, dislikes direct sunlight, and is not strongly cold-tolerant. The optimum growing temperature is 18-25°C, and the wintering temperature is around 8°C.

31. Indian Rubber Tree

Characteristics:The bark is smooth, the leaves are relatively large, new leaves are red and later turn deep green, and they do not fall through the winter. Aerial roots hang naturally from the branches and trunk, making it quite beautiful.

Cultivation method:It prefers fertilizer and water. During the peak growing season, sufficient fertilizer and water must be given for it to grow luxuriantly with deep green leaves. Usually keep the potting soil moist; in hot seasons, water once each morning and evening.

32. Kaffir Lily

Characteristics:Besides freshening the air, it also has a cooling effect. Sprinkle water once each morning and evening. This not only keeps the potting soil moist, but more importantly can achieve cooling through the heat absorption when water in the sand evaporates.

Cultivation method:It likes cool, ventilated conditions and dislikes high heat; it likes semi-shade and dislikes scorching sun; it likes humidity and dislikes dryness; it likes acidic soil and dislikes alkaline soil; it likes well-drained pine-needle soil and dislikes waterlogging; if drainage is good, more water can be given, and the leaf surfaces should be sprayed with water frequently.

33. Kalanchoe

Characteristics:Kalanchoe is a CAM plant. Its stomata close during the day and open at night to release oxygen while absorbing carbon dioxide, so kalanchoe has a very good air-purifying effect, especially at night, when it can purify the air in enclosed indoor spaces.

Cultivation method:Water once a week, watering thoroughly; expose it to little sun and place it in a bright spot, as direct sunlight will make the flowers shrivel.

34. Bleeding Heart Vine

Characteristics:When it blooms, the deep red corolla extends from the white calyx, shaped as if spitting out pearls. It has medicinal value.

Cultivation method:It likes warmth and humidity and is not cold-tolerant; it likes ample sunlight but fears direct strong light; it likes fertile, well-drained, well-aerated humus soil.

35. ZZ Plant

Characteristics:Placed in a relatively spacious living room, study or sitting room, it has an elegant, simple style with a southern tropical flavor.

Cultivation method:It does not like water; spray a small amount of water once every half month, or pour a little water into the saucer. It cannot be exposed to the sun.

Notes:It exudes a milky sap containing calcium oxalate, so it is irritating. If its leaf sap touches sensitive skin, facial features or gums, it will cause swelling. The plant alkaloids cause discomfort in people with sensitive constitutions.

36. Camellia

Characteristics:The camellia has a graceful crown, emerald-green leaves and large, gorgeous flowers.

Cultivation method:Camellia is a shade-loving flowering plant and fears scorching sunlight. In summer it likes cool, humid conditions, and in winter it likes a warm environment. Its leaves and flowers should be sprayed with water frequently. It fears drought and dislikes waterlogging.

37. Potted Pomegranate

Characteristics:It can be enjoyed both for its flowers and its fruit.

Cultivation method:It likes a warm environment with plenty of sunlight and is relatively cold-tolerant; it tolerates drought and fears waterlogging; it likes loose, fertile soil. Only if light, water, fertilizer and pruning are all adequate will it produce abundant flowers and fruit.

38. Jasmine

Characteristics:The flowers are pure white with a rich fragrance.

Cultivation method:It likes a hot, humid, sunny environment, and does not tolerate shade, cold or drought. It grows well at temperatures of 25-30 degrees. Below 4 degrees, cold damage begins to appear, with leaves falling and even death. It likes loose, fertile, well-drained soil containing organic matter.

39. Haworthia attenuata

Characteristics:It enhances the affinity between people and nature, and its bold, rugged style has a strong African desert flavor.

Cultivation method:It likes a warm environment with plenty of sunlight, tolerates drought and fears waterlogging; it likes humus-rich, well-drained sandy soil.

40. Chrysanthemum

Characteristics:Chrysanthemum can be used as medicine to treat illness, and taking it over a long period or drinking chrysanthemum tea can promote longevity.

Cultivation method:It is a sun-loving flower with a cool-loving nature, and likes ample sunlight; autumn is cool, and it is relatively cold-tolerant, with 18-22 degrees being best; it is relatively drought-tolerant but not moisture-tolerant, especially fearing waterlogging; it can tolerate weak alkalinity and requires humus-rich, loose, well-drained sandy soil.

41. Echeveria

Characteristics:It is praised as the "flower that never fades." It has a unique form and is easy to care for, making it very suitable for home cultivation.

Cultivation method:It likes warmth, dryness and ample light, and can also tolerate semi-shade; it fears cold and prefers fertile, well-drained sandy loam. During the growing period, maintaining 4-6 hours of light per day will make it grow robustly with fresh, vivid leaf color. Spray the leaf surface with clean water once every 7-10 days. It does not matter if echeveria is not watered for ten days to half a month. If kept in a dark indoor place for a long time, it will drop its leaves.

42. Banyan Tree

Characteristics:With advantages such as purifying the air, it can green, beautify and purify the environment! The banyan tree is regarded as a symbol of longevity and good fortune.

Cultivation method:It likes warmth and is not cold-tolerant, so in the north it is moved into a greenhouse to overwinter in winter. It needs a humid environment with ample sunlight, and also tolerates semi-shade. It is not demanding about soil and has strong adaptability; although it likes acidic soil, it can also grow normally in slightly alkaline soil.

43. Gardenia

Characteristics:Its fragrance is rich and fresh, making people feel happy when it blooms.

Cultivation method:Gardenia likes a warm, humid climate and is not cold-tolerant; south of the Yangtze River it can overwinter outdoors, while in the north it is always grown in pots and moved indoors to overwinter in winter. It likes light and also tolerates shade; in summer, when sunlight is intense, it should be placed in a semi-shaded spot for care, and the leaf surfaces should be sprayed with water frequently.

44. Begonia

Characteristics:It can effectively absorb sulfur dioxide from the air.

Growing method:Water once a week, watering thoroughly; keep it out of direct sun and place it in a bright spot. Direct sunlight will cause the flowers to lose their color, making them less attractive to view.

45. African Violet

Characteristics:Placed indoors, it can purify indoor air, improve indoor air quality, beautify the environment, harmonize the mood and relieve stress.

Growing method:It likes ample diffused light, which is needed for it to grow strong and bloom. The potting soil for African violets must not be too dry or too wet, and when watering, do not pour water on the leaves, otherwise yellow spots or rotting will appear on the leaf surface. It likes warmth, so avoid direct sunlight in summer, and keep the overwintering temperature above 12°C.

46. Chinese Rose

Characteristics:It is not only an ornamental flower with a long blooming period and fragrant, brightly colored flowers, but also a good gynecological medicine. Traditional Chinese medicine holds that the Chinese rose is sweet in taste and warm in nature, enters the liver meridian, and has the effects of promoting blood circulation and regulating menstruation, reducing swelling and detoxifying.

Growing method:The Chinese rose is highly adaptable to the environment and likes warmth. It grows best at an average temperature of 22 to 25°C. During the growing period, sunlight must be sufficient. Chinese roses must be pruned. In winter, it is best to place them in a cellar to let them go dormant, and take them out around mid-March of the following year to prune.

47. Bougainvillea

Characteristics:At the turn of winter and spring, the brilliantly colored bracts appear, giving people a bold and passionate feeling, hence it is also named "He Chun Hong" (Greeting Spring Red).

Growing method:It likes a warm and humid climate and sunshine, and is not cold-tolerant. Insufficient light will result in very few flowers and leaf drop. It likes fertilizer and water, grows vigorously, and has no strict requirements for soil.

48. Hibiscus

Characteristics:It has a long blooming period, almost never ending throughout the year, with large, brightly colored flowers and abundant blooms.

Growing method:Hibiscus likes light, warmth, and a humid climate with good ventilation. It is not cold-tolerant and is suitable for loose, fertile, deep sandy loam. The lowest winter temperature should not be below 15°C, otherwise it easily causes leaf drop. If the room temperature is kept above 20°C, it can be expected to continue blooming in winter.

49. Potted Peach

Characteristics:A flower-viewing variety that blooms in early spring, delicate and charming, and is a beautiful ornamental tree.

Growing method:It likes light, warmth, and a humid climate with good ventilation, fears waterlogging, and is relatively cold-tolerant. It has no strict requirements for soil, but fertile, loose soil is best. For overwintering, it is best to put it in a cellar when the weather turns cold, or place it indoors in a shaded, cool spot, water less, and keep the potting soil from drying out.

50. Billbergia

Characteristics:The leaves are emerald green and glossy, growing in clusters in a rosette shape, and the leaf tubes can hold water without leaking.

Growing method:It likes warmth and humidity, requires good ventilation, and prefers acidic sandy loam rich in humus with good drainage and aeration. The suitable growth temperature is 20-28°C. When the summer temperature exceeds 30°C, ensure good ventilation and cooling. In winter, keep it above 15°C and give it more light to help it grow strong.

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